Shadowing Practice: Candy Corn In Space - Learn English Speaking with Video
Creando lección...
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When astronauts go up in space, they're allowed to bring some special items.
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Some astronauts fly M&Ms, some people fly beef jerky.
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Don Pettit, this guy, chose candy corn.
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He's a NASA astronaut who spent nearly half a year floating around the International Space Station.
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And while he was up in space...
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I elected to spend my off-duty time doing science of my own design.
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this zero gravity candy corn demonstration.
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It's a macroscopic analogy to how a surfactant molecule works.
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And a surfactant molecule just means...
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Soap.
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So in this demo, a candy corn is equivalent to a soap molecule.
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And this water blob represents grease or oil.
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And basically the demo shows how soap cleans grease.
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Soap molecules have a water loving end...
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So they call that hydrophilic...
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And a water water-hating end.
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Hydrophobic.
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And that's important.
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Say you have a blob of oil and you throw it in a washing machine, the hydrophobic part of the molecule sticks into the grease and the oil,
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and the hydrophilic part pokes up into the water.
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In candy corn, the hydrophobic, hydrophilic sides are reversed.
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This part is water-loving, and Pettit coated this side with oil to make it water-hating.
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But the principle is the same.
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The molecules or the candy corn arrange themselves around the glob based on attraction or repulsion to water.
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Of course, that's how your clothes get clean.
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You cover them with these hydrophilic, hydrophobic molecules called soap.
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And once the soap molecules fully cover the grease blob, it becomes water-soluble.
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It's called the critical micelle concentration.
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Or in candy corn.
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The critical candy corn concentration.
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Once it hits this concentration.
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All the dirt and the oil and the grease floats off of your fabric, and it mixes with the water, and then you pour the water off, and you're left with clean clothes.
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Now in candy corn, there's a bonus science lesson.
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After you reach the critical candy corn concentration, And a most amazing thing happens.
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The blob goes from smushy to rigid.
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You can think of it like...
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Of putting the keystone in a Roman arch, where now all of a sudden gravity locks all the stones together, and you have this rigid arch that you could drive traffic across.
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But we're in space, so it's not gravity at work.
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It's surface tension holding the ball together.
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This was one of many experiments Pettit did in space, but it's the only one that used candy corn.
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I used our whole crew's supply of candy corn for this one demonstration, which I profusely apologized to the rest of the crew because they didn't get to eat any.
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For Science Friday, I'm Flora Lichtman.
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you
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Este vídeo tiene 43 frases y 455 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 2:43. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 168 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 69 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras menos comunes del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
- candy /ˈkæn.di/ (sustantivo) — caramelo, dulce. Crystallized sugar formed by boiling down sugar syrup.
- corn /ˈkɔːn/ (sustantivo) — cereal, grano. Any cereal plant (or its grain) that is the main crop or staple of a country or region.
- molecule /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ (sustantivo) — molécula. The smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by…
- soap /soʊp/ (sustantivo) — jabón, sopín. A metallic salt derived from a fatty acid, commonly used in cleaning products.
- grease /ɡɹis/ (sustantivo) — grasa. Animal fat in a melted or soft state.
- concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ (sustantivo) — concentración. The act, process or ability of concentrating; the process of becoming concentrated, or the state of being concentrated.
- gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/ (sustantivo) — gravedad. Of an activity such as a ceremony, a person's conduct, etc.: the quality of being deeply serious and solemn, especially in a dignified manner; seriousness…
- astronaut /ˈæstɹəˌnɔt/ (sustantivo) — astronauta. A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.
- demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/ (sustantivo) — demostración, demonstración. The act of demonstrating; showing or explaining something.
- cloth /klɒθ/ (sustantivo) — tela. A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use. Sometimes…
- arch /ɑɹt͡ʃ/ (sustantivo) — arco. An inverted U shape.
- float /fləʊt/ (verbo) — flotar. To be supported by a fluid of greater density (than the object).
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (sustantivo) — lección. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
- wash /wɑʃ/ (verbo) — lavar. To clean with water.
- bonus /ˈbəʊ.nəs/ (sustantivo) — bonificación, plus. Something extra that is good; an added benefit.
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 5 contracciones y formas reducidas, como didn't, I'm, they're. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/, wash /wɑʃ/, tension /ˈtɛnʃən/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, apologize /əˈpɑləˌd͡ʒaɪz/, analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como candy, corn, molecule.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.