Pratique du Shadowing: Candy Corn In Space - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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When astronauts go up in space, they're allowed to bring some special items.
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Some astronauts fly M&Ms, some people fly beef jerky.
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Don Pettit, this guy, chose candy corn.
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He's a NASA astronaut who spent nearly half a year floating around the International Space Station.
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And while he was up in space...
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I elected to spend my off-duty time doing science of my own design.
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this zero gravity candy corn demonstration.
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It's a macroscopic analogy to how a surfactant molecule works.
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And a surfactant molecule just means...
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Soap.
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So in this demo, a candy corn is equivalent to a soap molecule.
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And this water blob represents grease or oil.
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And basically the demo shows how soap cleans grease.
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Soap molecules have a water loving end...
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So they call that hydrophilic...
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And a water water-hating end.
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Hydrophobic.
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And that's important.
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Say you have a blob of oil and you throw it in a washing machine, the hydrophobic part of the molecule sticks into the grease and the oil,
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and the hydrophilic part pokes up into the water.
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In candy corn, the hydrophobic, hydrophilic sides are reversed.
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This part is water-loving, and Pettit coated this side with oil to make it water-hating.
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But the principle is the same.
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The molecules or the candy corn arrange themselves around the glob based on attraction or repulsion to water.
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Of course, that's how your clothes get clean.
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You cover them with these hydrophilic, hydrophobic molecules called soap.
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And once the soap molecules fully cover the grease blob, it becomes water-soluble.
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It's called the critical micelle concentration.
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Or in candy corn.
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The critical candy corn concentration.
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Once it hits this concentration.
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All the dirt and the oil and the grease floats off of your fabric, and it mixes with the water, and then you pour the water off, and you're left with clean clothes.
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Now in candy corn, there's a bonus science lesson.
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After you reach the critical candy corn concentration, And a most amazing thing happens.
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The blob goes from smushy to rigid.
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You can think of it like...
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Of putting the keystone in a Roman arch, where now all of a sudden gravity locks all the stones together, and you have this rigid arch that you could drive traffic across.
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But we're in space, so it's not gravity at work.
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It's surface tension holding the ball together.
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This was one of many experiments Pettit did in space, but it's the only one that used candy corn.
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I used our whole crew's supply of candy corn for this one demonstration, which I profusely apologized to the rest of the crew because they didn't get to eat any.
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For Science Friday, I'm Flora Lichtman.
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you
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 43 phrases et 455 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 2:43. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 168 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 69 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots moins courants de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
- candy /ˈkæn.di/ (nom) — bonbon, sucrerie. Crystallized sugar formed by boiling down sugar syrup.
- corn /ˈkɔːn/ (nom) — maïs. Any cereal plant (or its grain) that is the main crop or staple of a country or region.
- molecule /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ (nom) — molécule. The smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by…
- soap /soʊp/ (nom) — savon. A metallic salt derived from a fatty acid, commonly used in cleaning products.
- grease /ɡɹis/ (nom) — graisse. Animal fat in a melted or soft state.
- concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ (nom) — concentration. The act, process or ability of concentrating; the process of becoming concentrated, or the state of being concentrated.
- gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/ (nom) — gravité. Of an activity such as a ceremony, a person's conduct, etc.: the quality of being deeply serious and solemn, especially in a dignified manner; seriousness…
- astronaut /ˈæstɹəˌnɔt/ (nom) — astronaute. A member of the crew of a spaceship or other spacecraft that travels beyond Earth's atmosphere, or someone trained to serve that purpose.
- demo /ˈdɛm.oʊ/ (nom) — démo, démonstration. A demonstration or visual explanation.
- demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/ (nom) — démonstration. The act of demonstrating; showing or explaining something.
- cloth /klɒθ/ (nom) — tissu, étoffe. A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use. Sometimes…
- arch /ɑɹt͡ʃ/ (nom) — arc, arche. An inverted U shape.
- float /fləʊt/ (verbe) — flotter. To be supported by a fluid of greater density (than the object).
- rigid /ˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ɪd/ (adjectif) — rigide. Stiff, rather than flexible.
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (nom) — leçon. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
- do in (verbe) — tuer, zigouiller. To kill or end; to defeat.
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 5 contractions et formes réduites, comme didn't, I'm, they're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/, wash /wɑʃ/, tension /ˈtɛnʃən/, attraction /əˈtɹækʃn̩/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: concentration /ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, apologize /əˈpɑləˌd͡ʒaɪz/, analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme candy, corn, molecule.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.