Shadowing Practice: Total War: Warhammer - Beginner's Guide 01: Rock Paper Scissors - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hey everybody, it's PartyElite with the beginner's guide to Total War Warhammer.
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The Total War games have been, for as long as my memory serves, a camouflaged rock-paper-scissors game when it comes to battles.
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While that might sound simple and even dumbed down, it actually gets to be quite complex when you get into the nitty gritty.
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While rock-paper-scissors implies hard counters, this isn't necessarily the case because of other factors that come into play.
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Flanking, morale, rank, etc. For this video, let's ignore unit types that are unique to the Warhammer universe, giants, trolls and other monsters and beasts,
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they don't quite fall into this rock-paper-scissors world and I'll give them a closer look in a later video.
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We will, however, start with another outlier, Sword and Axe Infantry.
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They don't fit a rock-paper-scissors role, but act more as a sort of glue to hold everything else together.
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They come in many formats, heavy, light, sword, axe, etc. They are, as a whole, average against other unit types.
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They have no specific strengths when it comes to battle, and having an infantry-heavy army keeps you balanced, but it can result in issues if you keep getting charged down by cavalry,
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or while being pelted by arrows.
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Sword and axe infantry are great for holding enemy units in place for a nice flanking maneuver as well.
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Now consider the spearmen.
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They've got a greater reach with their weapons, and if you've seen, say, Braveheart or any war movie that reenacts spearmen vs cavalry, you'll know exactly how this tends to go down.
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Spearmen destroy cavalry, especially if charged into head-on.
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However, since they're typically lightly armored, they are easily put down by archers, so if you find yourself facing a bunch of spearmen, pepper them with arrows, hold them with infantry, and flank them with cavalry.
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Job well done.
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Onwards to cavalry.
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As we discussed literally moments earlier, they are weak against spears and should never be used to charge spears head on.
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Don't do it.
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The strength of cavalry lies in their charges, and especially when targeting ranged units, archers, crossbowmen, and the like.
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With a superior speed, cavalry can disperse and chase down these lightly armored, fast-on-their-feet units and wreck their day.
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This also works to disperse artillery unit operators, effectively destroying artillery pieces.
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Use cavalry to keep enemy ranged units busy running around.
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Cavalry charges are especially powerful when they come in from the flanks, and this is the one case where you can use cavalry against spearmen.
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It's risky, but the reward can be worth the loss of lives.
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Flanking spearmen can cause them to break, and when morale is low, so is the quality of fighting.
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And when morale is really low, there is no fighting. And finally, ranged units.
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Artillery are obviously morale damaging and great against anything they can hit, but as we learned earlier, archers and the like are best against lightly armored units like spearmen.
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They can thin numbers of any unit type well before they arrive at your front lines, but they need to be very wary of enemy cavalry.
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You can force them to engage in melee, which may be a worthwhile sacrifice, especially if they're out of ammunition, but that's basically a death sentence.
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Sometimes, though, it can help you set up a flanking maneuver for the greater good of your empire.
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As I mentioned, this rock-paper-scissors model is just a foundation, and there are plenty of nuances that modify how things actually play out.
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Outside other mechanics like morale, rank, positioning, etc., there are further details like unit variants.
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Shock cavalry and regular cavalry should be used differently, for example.
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But I'll go over all these finer details in a later video.
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So at the core, while this overarching system sounds simple, it actually gets very in-depth and intricate very fast.
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Where it's important to keep this hierarchy in mind is in making macro-scale decisions.
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Much relies on making snap decisions after understanding the situation in the battle at the moment, and that's what being a great general is about.
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For more tips and tricks, subscribe to this channel, and if there's something you'd like to see covered, let me know in the comments below.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles op niveau B1 is gebaseerd op de video “Total War: Warhammer - Beginner's Guide 01: Rock Paper Scissors”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: cavalry, unit, spearmen, scissors, morale. Deze video bevat 40 zinnen en 725 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 3:42. De spreker praat snel, ongeveer 196 woorden per minuut, dus reken op verbonden en ingeslikte klanken. Slechts 79% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is pittig.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| cavalry zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈkæ.vəl.ɹi/ | cavalerie |
| scissors zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈsɪzəz/ | schaar |
| morale zelfstandig naamwoord | /məˈɹɑːl/ | moreel |
| infantry zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈɪnfəntɹi/ | infanterie, voetvolk |
| archer zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈɑɹ.t͡ʃɚ/ | boogschutter |
| armor zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ | pantser, harnas |
| disperse werkwoord | /dɪˈspɝs/ | verstrooien |
| maneuver zelfstandig naamwoord | /məˈnuvɚ/ | manoeuvre, (veld)oefening |
| spear zelfstandig naamwoord | /spɪə̯(ɹ)/ | speer, spies |
| arrow zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈæɹəʊ/ | pijl |
| macroeconomics zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˌmæk.ɹoʊˌiː.kəˈnɒ.mɪks/ | macro-economie |
| nuance zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈnjuː.ɑːns/ | nuance |
| onward bijwoord | /ˈɒnwəd/ | vooruit |
| outlier zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈaʊtˌlaɪə(ɹ)/ | buitenbeentje, alleenstaande |
| reenact werkwoord | /ɹi.ɪˈnækt/ | naspelen |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| go down werkwoord | afdalen | |
| set up werkwoord | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | bereiden, voorbereiden |
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | have been · you've seen |
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | being pelted · are easily put |
| Advies met “should” should + werkwoord — zeggen wat een goed idee is | should never be · should be |
| Mogelijkheid met “might / may” might/may + werkwoord — iets is mogelijk maar niet zeker | might sound · may be |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 12 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals don't, I'll, they're. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/, ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: artillery /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/, macroeconomics /ˌmæk.ɹoʊˌiː.kəˈnɒ.mɪks/, overarching /ˌoʊvəɹˈɑɹt͡ʃɪŋ/, hierarchy /ˈhaɪ.ə.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/, ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: scissors /ˈsɪzəz/, camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/, onward /ˈɒnwəd/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: cavalry /ˈkæ.vəl.ɹi/, flank /ˈflæŋk/, arrow /ˈæɹəʊ/, camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/, macroeconomics /ˌmæk.ɹoʊˌiː.kəˈnɒ.mɪks/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: gritty /ˈɡɹɪti/, glue /ɡlu/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als cavalry, scissors, morale.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.