Pratique du Shadowing: Total War: Warhammer - Beginner's Guide 01: Rock Paper Scissors - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Hey everybody, it's PartyElite with the beginner's guide to Total War Warhammer.
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The Total War games have been, for as long as my memory serves, a camouflaged rock-paper-scissors game when it comes to battles.
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While that might sound simple and even dumbed down, it actually gets to be quite complex when you get into the nitty gritty.
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While rock-paper-scissors implies hard counters, this isn't necessarily the case because of other factors that come into play.
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Flanking, morale, rank, etc. For this video, let's ignore unit types that are unique to the Warhammer universe, giants, trolls and other monsters and beasts,
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they don't quite fall into this rock-paper-scissors world and I'll give them a closer look in a later video.
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We will, however, start with another outlier, Sword and Axe Infantry.
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They don't fit a rock-paper-scissors role, but act more as a sort of glue to hold everything else together.
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They come in many formats, heavy, light, sword, axe, etc. They are, as a whole, average against other unit types.
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They have no specific strengths when it comes to battle, and having an infantry-heavy army keeps you balanced, but it can result in issues if you keep getting charged down by cavalry,
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or while being pelted by arrows.
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Sword and axe infantry are great for holding enemy units in place for a nice flanking maneuver as well.
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Now consider the spearmen.
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They've got a greater reach with their weapons, and if you've seen, say, Braveheart or any war movie that reenacts spearmen vs cavalry, you'll know exactly how this tends to go down.
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Spearmen destroy cavalry, especially if charged into head-on.
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However, since they're typically lightly armored, they are easily put down by archers, so if you find yourself facing a bunch of spearmen, pepper them with arrows, hold them with infantry, and flank them with cavalry.
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Job well done.
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Onwards to cavalry.
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As we discussed literally moments earlier, they are weak against spears and should never be used to charge spears head on.
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Don't do it.
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The strength of cavalry lies in their charges, and especially when targeting ranged units, archers, crossbowmen, and the like.
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With a superior speed, cavalry can disperse and chase down these lightly armored, fast-on-their-feet units and wreck their day.
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This also works to disperse artillery unit operators, effectively destroying artillery pieces.
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Use cavalry to keep enemy ranged units busy running around.
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Cavalry charges are especially powerful when they come in from the flanks, and this is the one case where you can use cavalry against spearmen.
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It's risky, but the reward can be worth the loss of lives.
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Flanking spearmen can cause them to break, and when morale is low, so is the quality of fighting.
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And when morale is really low, there is no fighting. And finally, ranged units.
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Artillery are obviously morale damaging and great against anything they can hit, but as we learned earlier, archers and the like are best against lightly armored units like spearmen.
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They can thin numbers of any unit type well before they arrive at your front lines, but they need to be very wary of enemy cavalry.
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You can force them to engage in melee, which may be a worthwhile sacrifice, especially if they're out of ammunition, but that's basically a death sentence.
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Sometimes, though, it can help you set up a flanking maneuver for the greater good of your empire.
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As I mentioned, this rock-paper-scissors model is just a foundation, and there are plenty of nuances that modify how things actually play out.
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Outside other mechanics like morale, rank, positioning, etc., there are further details like unit variants.
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Shock cavalry and regular cavalry should be used differently, for example.
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But I'll go over all these finer details in a later video.
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So at the core, while this overarching system sounds simple, it actually gets very in-depth and intricate very fast.
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Where it's important to keep this hierarchy in mind is in making macro-scale decisions.
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Much relies on making snap decisions after understanding the situation in the battle at the moment, and that's what being a great general is about.
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For more tips and tricks, subscribe to this channel, and if there's something you'd like to see covered, let me know in the comments below.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Total War: Warhammer - Beginner's Guide 01: Rock Paper Scissors ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : cavalry, unit, spearmen, scissors, morale. Cette vidéo contient 40 phrases et 725 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:42. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 196 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. Seuls 79 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| cavalry nom | /ˈkæ.vəl.ɹi/ | cavalerie |
| spearman nom | lancier, piquier | |
| flank nom | /ˈflæŋk/ | flanc |
| scissors nom | /ˈsɪzəz/ | ciseaux |
| morale nom | /məˈɹɑːl/ | moral |
| infantry nom | /ˈɪnfəntɹi/ | infanterie |
| archer nom | /ˈɑɹ.t͡ʃɚ/ | archer, arbalétrier |
| lightly adverbe | /ˈlaɪtli/ | légèrement |
| armor nom | /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ | armure |
| disperse verbe | /dɪˈspɝs/ | disperser, se disperser |
| maneuver nom | /məˈnuvɚ/ | manœuvre, exercice |
| spear nom | /spɪə̯(ɹ)/ | lance |
| arrow nom | /ˈæɹəʊ/ | flèche |
| camouflage nom | /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/ | déguisement |
| crossbowman nom | arbalétrier |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| go down verbe | descendre | |
| put down verbe | médire | |
| run around verbe | courir partout | |
| set up verbe | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | mettre en place, installer |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have been · you've seen |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | being pelted · are easily put |
| Conseil avec « should » should + verbe — dire ce qu’il vaut mieux faire | should never be · should be |
| Possibilité avec « might / may » might/may + verbe — quelque chose de possible mais pas certain | might sound · may be |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 12 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, I'll, they're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/, ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: artillery /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/, macroeconomics /ˌmæk.ɹoʊˌiː.kəˈnɒ.mɪks/, overarching /ˌoʊvəɹˈɑɹt͡ʃɪŋ/, hierarchy /ˈhaɪ.ə.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/, ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: archer /ˈɑɹ.t͡ʃɚ/, overarching /ˌoʊvəɹˈɑɹt͡ʃɪŋ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: cavalry /ˈkæ.vəl.ɹi/, morale /məˈɹɑːl/, infantry /ˈɪnfəntɹi/, archer /ˈɑɹ.t͡ʃɚ/, artillery /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme cavalry, spearman, flank.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.