Prática de Shadowing: Total War: Warhammer - Beginner's Guide 01: Rock Paper Scissors - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Hey everybody, it's PartyElite with the beginner's guide to Total War Warhammer.
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The Total War games have been, for as long as my memory serves, a camouflaged rock-paper-scissors game when it comes to battles.
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While that might sound simple and even dumbed down, it actually gets to be quite complex when you get into the nitty gritty.
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While rock-paper-scissors implies hard counters, this isn't necessarily the case because of other factors that come into play.
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Flanking, morale, rank, etc. For this video, let's ignore unit types that are unique to the Warhammer universe, giants, trolls and other monsters and beasts,
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they don't quite fall into this rock-paper-scissors world and I'll give them a closer look in a later video.
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We will, however, start with another outlier, Sword and Axe Infantry.
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They don't fit a rock-paper-scissors role, but act more as a sort of glue to hold everything else together.
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They come in many formats, heavy, light, sword, axe, etc. They are, as a whole, average against other unit types.
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They have no specific strengths when it comes to battle, and having an infantry-heavy army keeps you balanced, but it can result in issues if you keep getting charged down by cavalry,
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or while being pelted by arrows.
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Sword and axe infantry are great for holding enemy units in place for a nice flanking maneuver as well.
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Now consider the spearmen.
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They've got a greater reach with their weapons, and if you've seen, say, Braveheart or any war movie that reenacts spearmen vs cavalry, you'll know exactly how this tends to go down.
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Spearmen destroy cavalry, especially if charged into head-on.
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However, since they're typically lightly armored, they are easily put down by archers, so if you find yourself facing a bunch of spearmen, pepper them with arrows, hold them with infantry, and flank them with cavalry.
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Job well done.
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Onwards to cavalry.
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As we discussed literally moments earlier, they are weak against spears and should never be used to charge spears head on.
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Don't do it.
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The strength of cavalry lies in their charges, and especially when targeting ranged units, archers, crossbowmen, and the like.
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With a superior speed, cavalry can disperse and chase down these lightly armored, fast-on-their-feet units and wreck their day.
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This also works to disperse artillery unit operators, effectively destroying artillery pieces.
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Use cavalry to keep enemy ranged units busy running around.
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Cavalry charges are especially powerful when they come in from the flanks, and this is the one case where you can use cavalry against spearmen.
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It's risky, but the reward can be worth the loss of lives.
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Flanking spearmen can cause them to break, and when morale is low, so is the quality of fighting.
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And when morale is really low, there is no fighting. And finally, ranged units.
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Artillery are obviously morale damaging and great against anything they can hit, but as we learned earlier, archers and the like are best against lightly armored units like spearmen.
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They can thin numbers of any unit type well before they arrive at your front lines, but they need to be very wary of enemy cavalry.
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You can force them to engage in melee, which may be a worthwhile sacrifice, especially if they're out of ammunition, but that's basically a death sentence.
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Sometimes, though, it can help you set up a flanking maneuver for the greater good of your empire.
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As I mentioned, this rock-paper-scissors model is just a foundation, and there are plenty of nuances that modify how things actually play out.
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Outside other mechanics like morale, rank, positioning, etc., there are further details like unit variants.
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Shock cavalry and regular cavalry should be used differently, for example.
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But I'll go over all these finer details in a later video.
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So at the core, while this overarching system sounds simple, it actually gets very in-depth and intricate very fast.
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Where it's important to keep this hierarchy in mind is in making macro-scale decisions.
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Much relies on making snap decisions after understanding the situation in the battle at the moment, and that's what being a great general is about.
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For more tips and tricks, subscribe to this channel, and if there's something you'd like to see covered, let me know in the comments below.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B1 usa o vídeo “Total War: Warhammer - Beginner's Guide 01: Rock Paper Scissors”. As palavras que mais se repetem: cavalry, unit, spearmen, scissors, morale. Este vídeo tem 40 frases e 725 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:42. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 196 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. Apenas 79% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| cavalry substantivo | /ˈkæ.vəl.ɹi/ | cavalaria |
| flank substantivo | /ˈflæŋk/ | flanco |
| scissors substantivo | /ˈsɪzəz/ | tesoura |
| morale substantivo | /məˈɹɑːl/ | ânimo, disposição |
| infantry substantivo | /ˈɪnfəntɹi/ | infantaria |
| archer substantivo | /ˈɑɹ.t͡ʃɚ/ | arqueiro |
| lightly advérbio | /ˈlaɪtli/ | levemente, levianamente |
| artillery substantivo | /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/ | artilharia |
| armor substantivo | /ˈɑːɹ.mɚ/ | armadura |
| disperse verbo | /dɪˈspɝs/ | dispersar |
| maneuver substantivo | /məˈnuvɚ/ | manobra, exercício |
| spear substantivo | /spɪə̯(ɹ)/ | lança |
| arrow substantivo | /ˈæɹəʊ/ | flecha, seta |
| camouflage substantivo | /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/ | camuflagem |
| crossbowman substantivo | besteiro |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| go down verbo | descer | |
| set up verbo | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | preparar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have been · you've seen |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | being pelted · are easily put |
| Conselho com “should” should + verbo — dizer o que é uma boa ideia | should never be · should be |
| Possibilidade com “might / may” might/may + verbo — algo possível, mas não certo | might sound · may be |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 12 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, I'll, they're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/, ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: artillery /ɑɹˈtɪləɹi/, macroeconomics /ˌmæk.ɹoʊˌiː.kəˈnɒ.mɪks/, overarching /ˌoʊvəɹˈɑɹt͡ʃɪŋ/, hierarchy /ˈhaɪ.ə.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/, ammunition /ˌæmjuˈnɪʃən/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: flank /ˈflæŋk/, onward /ˈɒnwəd/, reenact /ɹi.ɪˈnækt/, intricate /ˈɪn.tɹɪ.kət/, variant /ˈvæɹi.ənt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: morale /məˈɹɑːl/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/
- s + consoante no início — sem um “i” antes: spear /spɪə̯(ɹ)/, snap /snæp/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como cavalry, flank, scissors.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.