Shadowing Practice: Car Engine Parts & Their Functions Explained in Details | The Engineers Post - Learn English Speaking with Video

An engine is a machine designed to convert one form of energy into mechanical energy.

Heat engines burn fuel to create heat which is then used to do work.

It is a complex machine built to convert heat from burning gas into the force that turns the wheels.

The chain of reactions that achieve that objective is set in motion by a spark, which ignites a mixture of petrol,

vapor, and compressed air inside a momentarily sealed cylinder, and causes it to burn rapidly.

The engine has two types, one is the internal combustion engine, and another one is the external combustion engine.

The internal combustion engine is those heat engines that burn their fuel inside the engine cylinder.

External combustion engines are those heat engine that burns their fuel outside the cylinder.

The engine is one of the most essential parts of the automobile industries

or we can also say that the engine is the heart of an automobile.

So in this video we'll take a look at the function and construction of each engine parts of an internal combustion engine.

So be sure to like this video subscribe to the channel

and press the bell icon to get notifications of our new videos.

The main parts of an car engine are cylinder block,

cylinder head, oil pan, Manifolds Gasket

And Piston A piston ring Piston

pin Connecting rod Crankshaft Camshaft Flywheels Rod bearing Main bearings And bearing caps

Now let's take a look at each of engine parts with details starting with cylinder block.

It is the basic framework for the engine and one of the main part of an engine.

A cylinder block consists of three parts.

The cylinder in which the piston slid up and down, the port or opening for the valves, the passages for the flow of cooling water.

The cylinder block is usually made of gray cast iron

or aluminium and its alloys while the crank case is fixed to its bottom.

Apart from these other parts like timing gear, water pump, ignition distributor, flywheel,

fuel pump are also attached to it.

Coolant passages are provided in the cylinder walls for the circulation of cooling waters.

Cylinder block also carries lubrication oil to various components through drilled passages that is called oil galleries.

Cylinder head.

The cylinder head is another main part of an engine.

It is a joint between the cylinder head and cylinder block.

It is usually made up of cast iron and aluminium alloy.

The cylinder head is attached to the cylinder block using studs fixed to the block gaskets, which are used to provide a tight leak proof joint between the head and block.

The cylinder head contains a combustion chamber above each cylinder, and it also contains valve guides,

valve seats, ports, coolant jackets, and threaded holes, four spark plugs.

It incorporates passages for the flow of cooling water.

There are three different types of cylinder head is available that depends upon the valve and port layout.

Loop flow type, offset cross flow type and inline cross flow type.

In the loop flow type, the inlet and the exhaust manifolds are on the same side, which facilitates preheating of the intake air.

In the offset cross flow type, the inlet and the exhaust manifolds are placed on different sides of the cylinder head.

In the inline cross flow type, the valve is positioned transversely and usually inclined to each other,

while the inlet and the exhaust manifolds are on different sides of the cylinder head.

This arrangement gives better performance, but it is costlier.

Crank case.

The oil pan and the lower part of the cylinder block together are called the crankcase.

It is the bottom portion of the cylinder block, in which the crankshaft is fitted.

This is a rigid construction made of grey cast iron or aluminium.

Either it can be cast integrally with the block, or can be cast separately, and attached to the block with bolts.

The crankcase is shaped simply like a box, having no bottom surface.

The function of the crankcase is to provide support for the main journals and bearing of the crankshaft,

rigidly maintaining the alignment of their axes of rotation under various engine loads.

Oil Pan The bottom half of the crankcase is called the oil pan or sump.

It is attached to the crankcase through set screws and with a gasket to make the joint leak proof.

The oil pan serves as a reservoir for the storage, cooling, and ventilation of engine lubricating oil.

At the bottom of the oil sump, a drain plug is provided to drain out the dirty oil, at the time of oil replacement.

Generally, the sump is made of pressed steel sheet, or aluminium alloy casting is also used.

The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan, and sends it to all working parts in the engine.

The oil drains off and runs down into the pan.

Thus, there is a constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine.

Manifolds There are separate sets of pipes attached to the cylinder head, which carries the air -fuel mixture and the exhaust gases, these are called manifolds.

It is generally made of cast iron, so that it can withstand the high temperature of the exhaust gases.

Gaskets Gaskets are used to provide a tight fitting joint between two surfaces.

Gaskets are found in the joint between the cylinder head and the cylinder block, between the crankcase and oil pan,

and in between the cylinder block and manifold.

materials used for gaskets are cork asbestos rubber gaskets produced by

the fuel pro USA are cylinder head gaskets oil pan gaskets manifold gaskets

and pump gaskets cylinder liners the cylindrical shape liners are used to avoid the cylinder wear.

It is one of the most important functional part to make up the interior of an engine.

Cylinder liners can be replaced after they are worn out.

These are made of special alloy iron containing silicon, manganese, nickel and chromium.

Usually these are cast centrifugally.

These liners resistance to wear and corrosion and are the oil hardening type that offers considerably longer life for the engine.

There are two types of cylinder liners will be available, they are dry liners and wet liners.

Dry liner is made in the shape of a barrel with a flange at the top which keeps it into position.

The entire outer surface bears against the cylinder block casting and hence these are machined accurately at both outer and interfaces.

Wet liners will be in direct contact with the cooling water at their outer face.

Because of this, these liners need not be machined very accurately at the outer surface.

However, they have been machined accurately at the inner surface.

Pistons.

These are the most important engine parts compared to others.

The piston is a cylindrical plug that moves up and down in the cylinder.

It helps to convert pressure energy obtained by the combustion of fuel into useful mechanical power

and it transfer this power to the crankshaft through the connecting rod.

The highest position of the piston reaches in the cylinder is called the top dead center

and the lowest position it reaches is called the bottom dead center.

It is provided with about three to five piston rings that provides a good seal between the cylinder wall and piston.

The efficiency and economy of the engine is primarily depend on the working of the piston.

The material used for the piston is mainly cast iron and aluminium alloy.

It may be either cast or forged.

The piston is usually small in diameter than the bore of the cylinder.

The space between the cylinder and the cylinder wall is called the piston clearance.

This piston clearance provides a space for a layer of lubricant between the piston

and cylinder wall to reduce friction generally pissed Piston clearance is 0 .025 mm to 0 .100 mm.

Piston Rings

The piston rings are fitted into the grooves of the piston to maintain a good seal between the piston

and the cylinder wall.

The function of piston rings is to form a seal for

the high -pressure gases from the combustion chamber entering into the crankcase.

The material generally used for piston rings is fine -grained alloy cast iron containing silicon and manganese.

It has good heat and wear -resisting qualities.

100

Mainly there are two types of piston rings available.

101

They are compression rings and oil control rings.

102

The number of piston rings used is about two to four compression rings and one to two oil control ring was used.

103

Connecting Rod It is fitted in between the piston and crankshaft.

104

The main function of the connecting rod is to convert the

105

reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotary motion of the crankshaft.

106

Connecting rod in an IC engine is must be light and strong enough to withstand stress and twisting forces.

107

It usually has I -beam cross section and is made of alloy steel of duralumin by drop forging.

108

The small end of the connecting rod has either a solid eye used to connect the piston by the piston pin.

109

The big end of the connecting rod is always split and it is used to connect the crank pin of the crankshaft.

110

Piston Pin The piston pin is also called wrist pin or gudgeon pin.

111

It is used for connecting the small end of the connecting rod and the piston.

112

It is made hollow to reduce weight and it is made from case hardened steel.

113

Mainly there are three types of piston pins available.

114

They are set screw types piston pin.

115

This pin is fastened to the piston by a set screw.

116

Semi -floating piston pin.

117

It is fastened to the connecting rod with the clamp screw.

118

Fully floating piston pin.

119

The pin floats in both the piston bosses and the small end of connecting rod.

120

It is prevented from coming in contact with the cylinder wall by two circlips.

121

Crankshaft.

122

The crankshaft is the engine component from which the power is taken.

123

It is one of the main power transmission sources in all engine parts.

124

It is the first part of the power transmission system, in which the reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into the rotating motion with the help of connecting rod.

125

The crankshaft is made of casting or forging of heat -treated alloy steel and is machined.

126

A crankshaft consists of crankpins, weds, balancing weight and main journals, and oil holes.

127

The front end of the crankshaft carries three devices.

128

They are a gear that drives the camshaft, the vibration damper to control torsional vibration, and the fan belt pulley.

129

This pulley drives the engine fan, water pump, and generator with a V -belt.

130

The rear end of the crankshaft carries flywheel.

131

The flywheel tends to keep the crankshaft running at constant.

132

Camshaft A camshaft is a shaft on which cams are mounted.

133

A cam is a device that changes the rotary motion of the camshaft into the linear motion of the follower.

134

It is responsible for the opening of the valves.

135

A camshaft has several cams along the length.

136

The camshaft is driven by the crankshaft.

137

And it has twice the gears as many teeth as the gear on the crankshaft

138

and it turns at half the speed of the crankshaft.

139

Camshaft made from forged alloy steel.

140

There are three types of the camshaft drive mechanism.

141

They are gear drive, chain drive and belt drive.

142

Flywheel The flywheel used in a transmission system of a vehicle.

143

A flywheel is a heavy steel wheel attached to the rear end of the crankshaft.

144

The size of the flywheel depends upon the number of cylinders and the construction of the engine.

145

The inertia of the flywheel tends to keep the running of the crankshaft at a constant speed.

146

Engine valves These are essential to control the timing of air fuel mixture, entry into the cylinder, and combustion products out of the cylinders.

147

Engine valves are located at the inlet and outlet opening of the engine cylinder.

148

The valves fit on the valve seats in their closed position.

149

Then please share it with your friends.

150

Subscribe to our channel and press the bell icon to get notification of our new videos.

✨ Recommend Video

132 sentences

Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson

This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “Car Engine Parts & Their Functions Explained in Details”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: cylinder, piston, engine, oil, crankshaft. This video has 150 sentences and 2058 words to shadow. The speech runs for 15:23. The speaker talks at a steady 134 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. Only 72% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.

Key vocabulary in this video

The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:

Word	Pronunciation	Meaning
cylinder noun	/ˈsɪləndɚ/	A surface created by projecting a closed two-dimensional curve along an axis intersecting the plane of the curve.
piston noun	/ˈpɪstən/	A solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder, and moves under pressure (as in an engine) or displaces fluid (as in a pump)
crankshaft noun		A rotating shaft with throws (parts that stick out) and which drives, is driven by (cranked by), or functions as a crank.
gasket noun	/ˈɡæs.kɪt/	A length of rope or canvas band used for reefing a sail, or holding a stowed sail in place.
liner noun	/ˈlaɪnɚ/	A large passenger-carrying ship, especially one on a regular route; an ocean liner.
camshaft noun	/ˈkæmʃæft/	A shaft fitted with cams; especially one in a piston engine that activates the valves.
combustion noun	/kəmˈbʌs.t͡ʃən/	The act or process of burning.
alloy noun	/ˈæ.lɔɪ/	A metal that is a combination of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal, a base metal.
flywheel noun		A rotating mass used to maintain the speed of a machine within certain limits while the machine receives or releases energy at a varying rate, or as a form of…
manifold adjective	/ˈmænɪˌfoʊld/	Various in kind, quality, or manifestation; diverse.
crankcase noun		The part of an engine that contains the crankshaft.
aluminium noun	/ˌæl.(j)uˈmɪn.i.əm/	A light, silvery metal extracted from bauxite, and a chemical element (symbol Al) with an atomic number of 13.
exhaust verb	/ɪɡˈzɔst/	To draw or let out wholly; to drain completely.
inlet noun	/ˈɪnlət/	A body of water let into a coast, such as a bay, cove, fjord or estuary.
forge noun	/fɔɹd͡ʒ/	A furnace or hearth where metals are heated prior to hammering them into shape.

Phrasal verbs you will hear

Word	Pronunciation	Meaning
make up verb	/ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/	To constitute, to compose.
move up verb		To promote, put onto a higher level.
wear out verb		To cause (something) to become damaged, useless, or ineffective through continued use, especially hard, heavy, or careless use.

Grammar in this video

The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:

Structure	In the video
“Used to” used to + verb — a past habit or state that is no longer true	used to do · used to connect
Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it	is set · is usually made · is fixed
Relative clauses who / which + clause — extra information about a person or thing	heat which is · gaskets, which are

Pronunciation to watch

The “sh” and “zh” sounds: camshaft /ˈkæmʃæft/, vibration /vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/, compression /kəmˈpɹɛʃ.ən/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/
Long words — get the stress right: aluminium /ˌæl.(j)uˈmɪn.i.əm/, accurately /ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/, cylindrical /sɪˈlɪndɹɪkəl/, reciprocate /ɹɪˈsɪpɹəˌkeɪt/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/

How to practise with this video

Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like cylinder, piston, crankshaft.

What is the Shadowing Technique?

Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.

Shadowing technique: read the full step-by-step guide →

Shadowing Practice: Car Engine Parts & Their Functions Explained in Details | The Engineers Post - Learn English Speaking with Video

How A Car Engine Works

PLC Programming #4: Functions, Function Blocks & Organization Blocks Explained

Basic Introduction To Oil & Gas Well Perforating

Anatomy & Physiology: The Ultimate Beginner's Guide | Dr. Bee's Tutorials

How does a Thermal power plant work?

What is Docker? Docker container concept explained || Docker Tutorial 1

Even Valve is Disappointed - Steam Machine Review

Diodes Explained - The basics how diodes work working principle pn junction

The Engineering that Runs the Digital World 🛠️⚙️💻 How do CPUs Work?

Plastic Injection Molding

What's The Best Supercharger? Roots vs Centrifugal vs Twin-Screw vs Electric

How The World's Most Powerful Fighter Jet Engine Is Made