Shadowing Practice: Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma (FAST) - Learn English Speaking with Video

so now let's move on to the next topic

which is basically fast

so anybody can you please tell me what is the full

form of this particular fast what does fast stand for can you please help me with this okay

so what this particular this particular fast stands for okay

so fast basically stands for your focused assessment sonography for trauma okay

so what does this stands for so first thing

which you need to understand is the full form of this

so what is this particular fast stands for fast basically stands for okay

so this is focused assessment sonography

for trauma okay what is FAST stands for this is a focused assessment sonography for trauma

so what happens is

that first of all let's try to understand why this is needed why this is

that so whatever you do in your life you always need to have some kind of an aim

so what is an aim of performing this particular fast the

aim of this performing this particular fast is to look for to look for intraperitoneal fluid.

You understand my point?

So what is the aim of this?

The aim of this is to look for intraperitoneal fluid.

So what do you understand by this particular intraperitoneal fluid?

Intraperitoneal fluid basically means that, let's assume that, okay, so you and I, we all have like some amount of the intraperitoneal fluid,

but let's assume that after a trauma okay so let's say there is a patient who has suffered from a trauma

okay and after the trauma if you examine this particular patient and there is an increased

intraperitoneal fluid okay in these particular patients what does it tell you this basically tells you

that there is some significant significant intra -abdominal injury intra -abdominal injury.

Are you understanding my point?

So if at all there is a patient after the trauma

if at all you perform a fast

and on the fast there is a significant intra -palatal fluid is present in

that particular patient it basically tells you

that there is some significant intra -abdominal injury is present in

that particular patient okay so why are we performing the first

because we want to know whether some significant interabdomal injury has kind of taken place there

or not okay I hope you understood this point okay now

when we've been talking about the first okay

when we talk about the first how do you do

that okay so how is this particular first performed

so this is nothing this is basically a USG which is basically done in emergency room in emergency

room

and this is basically completed completed in three to four minutes

okay in three to four minutes you complete this particular whatever the test and

that is what is basically done in the emergency room this

is what you need to understand this is this is how the basically fast is performed

and how do you kind of perform it I'll tell you

so what you need to understand is that let's assume

that this is the abdomen right this is the coastal margin

this is the abdomen then what we have is this is what is the pelvis

and everything right so what you need to understand is

that you keep your ultrasound probe at four positions so this is what is in epigastric then what we have is right

hypochondriac region then we have the left oh sorry uh right subcostal

or hypochondriac whatever you want to call it right subcostal or hypochondriac region left kind of hypochondriac region

and then at the pelvis okay

so keep your probe at these particular four positions okay so

when you keep your probe at the epigastric region what are you looking for

so when you keep your probe in the epigastric region you are basically looking for pericardial

tamponade okay so you are trying to rule out pericardial tamponade

when you are basically keeping your probe at the right hypochondriac region you're basically trying to look for

any particular fluid around this liver when you're keeping it in the left

hypochondriac region you're basically looking for any fluid

around the spleen then

when you are keeping it in the pelvic region you are

basically looking for any fluid in the pelvis okay obviously right

so this is how you kind of keep the probe at the four positions

and this is how you basically perform the fast now uh

this is separate from uh the other kind of ultrasound okay

so let's assume that i want to get an abdominal ultrasound done

so in that the radiologist is basically going to report everything it is going to the he

or she is going to report whether the gallbladder stone is present

or not or whether the gallbladder is thickened or not

and all these particular things is going to be reported

but over here what you need to understand no doubt

that it is an ultrasound which is being done

but the aim of the ultrasound is just to detect the

intraperitoneal fluid all we are trying to see is the intraperitoneal fluid for

which we quickly keep the probe at the four positions

and we look for the fluid now the question is how

much amount of the fluid can be detected by this particular fast okay

so can you please tell me how much fluid how much fluid can be detected detected

with the fast okay

so the answer to this is how much amount of the

fluid is kind of detected in this particular fast how much amount of the fluid can be detected

so what you need to understand is yes

so it is around 100 to 150 cc so by

and large it is considered to be 150

but 11 really mentions it as like 100 cc

so around 100 to 150 cc this is the minimum amount of the fluid

which can be detected by this particular fast now what is it drawback

or the problem of this particular fast we were not getting information about the right

and the left lung field and that is why we came up with something

which is called as an e -fast okay

so what is this particular e -fast in the e -fast

what you're basically doing is instead of keeping the probe

and the four positions over here you keep the probe at six positions

so here the probe is kept at six positions okay you understand my point

so probe is basically kept at the six positions

so what are these particular six positions the four we already talked about the two additionals is the right

and the left lung field okay

so over here what you need to understand in the e first you keep the probe

so probe is kept at six positions which basically include the right

100

and the left lung fields as well okay

101

so i hope you've understood this point

102

and based on this what do you have you have something

103

which is called as a seashore sign seashore sign

104

and then what we have is a barcode

105

or what you refer to as your stratosphere sign okay

106

so what is this particular seashore sign can you please help me with this particular seashore sign

107

so seashore sign is something which is basically present

108

in normal individuals okay in the normal individuals

109

so for example let's say you and me okay in the you and me

110

if at all let's say we are kind of keeping the

111

probe what is going to happen the lungs is going to expand

112

and it is going to come

113

and hit to the hit the whatever the rib cage

114

and then that particular lung is going to go back you understand my point

115

so this is what is basically referred to as a seashore

116

sign like in the seashore what happens the waves come they hit the seashore

117

and then they basically go back

118

so this is what is present in the normal individuals now what is this barcode

119

or the stratosphere sign so this particular barcode

120

or the stratosphere sign this is basically present in the patients who are having the pneumothorax

121

so what you need to understand is that air is basically going to create a lot of artifacts

122

okay so air basically creates a lot of artifacts and

123

because of these particular artifacts what happens is uh they basically appear like a barcode

124

or whatever the stratosphere or something so bar code

125

or the stratosphere sign is basically what you basically see in the pneumothorax patients okay

126

so as you can see over here that yeah

127

so this is what you need to understand the normal lung

128

here what you basically get is a seizure sign in the pneumothorax what you basically get is a barcode

129

or a stratosphere sign okay i hope you've understood this particular points in a decent manner okay understood

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77 sentences

Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson

This speaking lesson is built on the video “Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: particular, fast, fluid, probe, sign. This video has 129 sentences and 1498 words to shadow. The speech runs for 9:16. The speaker talks at a natural 162 words per minute, close to everyday conversation. 88% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is easy to follow.

Key vocabulary in this video

15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:

Word	Pronunciation	Meaning
fluid noun	/ˈflu.ɪd/	Any substance which can flow with relative ease, tends to assume the shape of its container, and obeys Bernoulli's principle; a liquid, gas or plasma.
probe noun	/pɹoʊb/	Any of various medical instruments used to explore wounds, organs, etc.
trauma noun	/ˈtɹɔm.ə/	Any injury to the body of a living thing.
detect verb	/dɪˈtɛkt/	To discover or find by careful search, examination, or probing.
lung noun	/ˈlʌŋ/	A biological organ of vertebrates that controls breathing and oxygenates the blood.
ultrasound noun	/ʌl.tɹə.saʊnd/	Sound with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing, which is approximately 20 kilohertz.
abdominal adjective	/æbˈdɑm.ə.nl̩/	Of or pertaining to the abdomen; ventral.
assessment noun	/əˈsɛsmənt/	The act of assessing or an amount (of tax, levy or duty etc) assessed.
refer verb	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	To direct the attention of (someone toward something).
abdomen noun	/ˈæb.də.mən/	The belly, or that part of the body between the thorax and the pelvis, not including the back; or in some lower vertebrates, the portion between the cardiac…
topic noun	/ˈtɑpɪk/	A subject; a theme; a category or general area of interest.
suffer verb	/ˈsʌfɚ/	To undergo hardship.
decent adjective	/ˈdiː.sənt/	Appropriate; suitable for the circumstances.
expand verb	/ɪkˈspænd/	To change (something) from a smaller form or size to a larger one; to spread out or lay open.
margin noun	/ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/	The edge of the paper, typically left blank when printing but sometimes used for annotations etc.

Phrasal verbs you will hear

Word	Meaning
go back verb	To return to a place or state after having been there at a previous time.
come up with verb	To manage to produce, deliver, or present (something) by inventing, creating, thinking of, or obtaining it.
rule out verb	To cross an item out by drawing a straight line through it, as with a ruler.
see over verb	To inspect something fully.

Grammar in this video

The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:

Structure	In the video
Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it	is needed · is performed · is thickened
Present perfect have/has + past participle — a past action that still matters now	has suffered · you've understood
Relative clauses who / which + clause — extra information about a person or thing	USG which is · ultrasound which is · something which is

Pronunciation to watch

The speaker uses 8 contractions and reduced forms, such as you're, you've, I'll. Say them the short way, as you hear them.

The “th” sounds: pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/, thicken /ˈθɪkən/
The “sh” and “zh” sounds: seizure /ˈsi.ʒɚ/, seashore /ˈsiːʃoɹ/
Long words — get the stress right: hypochondriac /ˌhaɪpoʊˈkɑndɹiæk/, pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/, radiologist /ˌɹeɪ.diːˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/

How to practise with this video

Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like fluid, probe, trauma.

What is the Shadowing Technique?

Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.

Shadowing technique: read the full step-by-step guide →

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