Практика Shadowing: Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma (FAST) - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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so now let's move on to the next topic

which is basically fast

so anybody can you please tell me what is the full

form of this particular fast what does fast stand for can you please help me with this okay

so what this particular this particular fast stands for okay

so fast basically stands for your focused assessment sonography for trauma okay

so what does this stands for so first thing

which you need to understand is the full form of this

so what is this particular fast stands for fast basically stands for okay

so this is focused assessment sonography

for trauma okay what is FAST stands for this is a focused assessment sonography for trauma

so what happens is

that first of all let's try to understand why this is needed why this is

that so whatever you do in your life you always need to have some kind of an aim

so what is an aim of performing this particular fast the

aim of this performing this particular fast is to look for to look for intraperitoneal fluid.

You understand my point?

So what is the aim of this?

The aim of this is to look for intraperitoneal fluid.

So what do you understand by this particular intraperitoneal fluid?

Intraperitoneal fluid basically means that, let's assume that, okay, so you and I, we all have like some amount of the intraperitoneal fluid,

but let's assume that after a trauma okay so let's say there is a patient who has suffered from a trauma

okay and after the trauma if you examine this particular patient and there is an increased

intraperitoneal fluid okay in these particular patients what does it tell you this basically tells you

that there is some significant significant intra -abdominal injury intra -abdominal injury.

Are you understanding my point?

So if at all there is a patient after the trauma

if at all you perform a fast

and on the fast there is a significant intra -palatal fluid is present in

that particular patient it basically tells you

that there is some significant intra -abdominal injury is present in

that particular patient okay so why are we performing the first

because we want to know whether some significant interabdomal injury has kind of taken place there

or not okay I hope you understood this point okay now

when we've been talking about the first okay

when we talk about the first how do you do

that okay so how is this particular first performed

so this is nothing this is basically a USG which is basically done in emergency room in emergency

room

and this is basically completed completed in three to four minutes

okay in three to four minutes you complete this particular whatever the test and

that is what is basically done in the emergency room this

is what you need to understand this is this is how the basically fast is performed

and how do you kind of perform it I'll tell you

so what you need to understand is that let's assume

that this is the abdomen right this is the coastal margin

this is the abdomen then what we have is this is what is the pelvis

and everything right so what you need to understand is

that you keep your ultrasound probe at four positions so this is what is in epigastric then what we have is right

hypochondriac region then we have the left oh sorry uh right subcostal

or hypochondriac whatever you want to call it right subcostal or hypochondriac region left kind of hypochondriac region

and then at the pelvis okay

so keep your probe at these particular four positions okay so

when you keep your probe at the epigastric region what are you looking for

so when you keep your probe in the epigastric region you are basically looking for pericardial

tamponade okay so you are trying to rule out pericardial tamponade

when you are basically keeping your probe at the right hypochondriac region you're basically trying to look for

any particular fluid around this liver when you're keeping it in the left

hypochondriac region you're basically looking for any fluid

around the spleen then

when you are keeping it in the pelvic region you are

basically looking for any fluid in the pelvis okay obviously right

so this is how you kind of keep the probe at the four positions

and this is how you basically perform the fast now uh

this is separate from uh the other kind of ultrasound okay

so let's assume that i want to get an abdominal ultrasound done

so in that the radiologist is basically going to report everything it is going to the he

or she is going to report whether the gallbladder stone is present

or not or whether the gallbladder is thickened or not

and all these particular things is going to be reported

but over here what you need to understand no doubt

that it is an ultrasound which is being done

but the aim of the ultrasound is just to detect the

intraperitoneal fluid all we are trying to see is the intraperitoneal fluid for

which we quickly keep the probe at the four positions

and we look for the fluid now the question is how

much amount of the fluid can be detected by this particular fast okay

so can you please tell me how much fluid how much fluid can be detected detected

with the fast okay

so the answer to this is how much amount of the

fluid is kind of detected in this particular fast how much amount of the fluid can be detected

so what you need to understand is yes

so it is around 100 to 150 cc so by

and large it is considered to be 150

but 11 really mentions it as like 100 cc

so around 100 to 150 cc this is the minimum amount of the fluid

which can be detected by this particular fast now what is it drawback

or the problem of this particular fast we were not getting information about the right

and the left lung field and that is why we came up with something

which is called as an e -fast okay

so what is this particular e -fast in the e -fast

what you're basically doing is instead of keeping the probe

and the four positions over here you keep the probe at six positions

so here the probe is kept at six positions okay you understand my point

so probe is basically kept at the six positions

so what are these particular six positions the four we already talked about the two additionals is the right

and the left lung field okay

so over here what you need to understand in the e first you keep the probe

so probe is kept at six positions which basically include the right

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and the left lung fields as well okay

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so i hope you've understood this point

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and based on this what do you have you have something

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which is called as a seashore sign seashore sign

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and then what we have is a barcode

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or what you refer to as your stratosphere sign okay

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so what is this particular seashore sign can you please help me with this particular seashore sign

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so seashore sign is something which is basically present

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in normal individuals okay in the normal individuals

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so for example let's say you and me okay in the you and me

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if at all let's say we are kind of keeping the

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probe what is going to happen the lungs is going to expand

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and it is going to come

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and hit to the hit the whatever the rib cage

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and then that particular lung is going to go back you understand my point

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so this is what is basically referred to as a seashore

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sign like in the seashore what happens the waves come they hit the seashore

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and then they basically go back

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so this is what is present in the normal individuals now what is this barcode

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or the stratosphere sign so this particular barcode

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or the stratosphere sign this is basically present in the patients who are having the pneumothorax

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so what you need to understand is that air is basically going to create a lot of artifacts

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okay so air basically creates a lot of artifacts and

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because of these particular artifacts what happens is uh they basically appear like a barcode

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or whatever the stratosphere or something so bar code

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or the stratosphere sign is basically what you basically see in the pneumothorax patients okay

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so as you can see over here that yeah

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so this is what you need to understand the normal lung

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here what you basically get is a seizure sign in the pneumothorax what you basically get is a barcode

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or a stratosphere sign okay i hope you've understood this particular points in a decent manner okay understood

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma». Чаще всего повторяются слова: particular, fast, fluid, probe, sign. В этом видео 129 предложений и 1498 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 9:16. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 162 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 88% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика простая.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
fluid существительное	/ˈflu.ɪd/	жи́дкость, флюи́д
probe существительное	/pɹoʊb/	зонд, щуп
trauma существительное	/ˈtɹɔm.ə/	тра́вма, ра́на
detect глагол	/dɪˈtɛkt/	обнару́живать, обнару́жить
lung существительное	/ˈlʌŋ/	лёгкое
ultrasound существительное	/ʌl.tɹə.saʊnd/	ультразву́к
abdominal прилагательное	/æbˈdɑm.ə.nl̩/	брюшно́й, абдомина́льный
assessment существительное	/əˈsɛsmənt/	оце́нка налогообложе́ния
refer глагол	/ɹɪˈfɜː/	ссыла́ться, сосла́ться
abdomen существительное	/ˈæb.də.mən/	живо́т
topic существительное	/ˈtɑpɪk/	те́ма, предме́т
suffer глагол	/ˈsʌfɚ/	страда́ть, му́чаться
decent прилагательное	/ˈdiː.sənt/	подходя́щий, прие́млемый
expand глагол	/ɪkˈspænd/	растя́гивать, расширя́ть
margin существительное	/ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/	по́ле, поля́

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Значение
go back глагол	возвраща́ться, возврати́ться
come up with глагол	придумывать, приходить в голову
rule out глагол	исключа́ть, исключи́ть

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	is needed · is performed · is thickened
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	has suffered · you've understood
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	USG which is · ultrasound which is · something which is

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 8 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например you're, you've, I'll. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «th»: pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/, thicken /ˈθɪkən/
Звуки «sh» и «zh»: seizure /ˈsi.ʒɚ/, seashore /ˈsiːʃoɹ/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: hypochondriac /ˌhaɪpoʊˈkɑndɹiæk/, pneumothorax /ˈnju.moʊˌθɔ.ɹæks/, radiologist /ˌɹeɪ.diːˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: fluid /ˈflu.ɪd/, probe /pɹoʊb/, ultrasound /ʌl.tɹə.saʊnd/, expand /ɪkˈspænd/, cage /keɪd͡ʒ/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как fluid, probe, trauma.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma (FAST) - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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