Prática de Shadowing: Kenyon College: John Green Commencement Address - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Please join me in welcoming Kenyon College's 188th commencement speaker, John Green.
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Thank you so much.
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President Decatur, faculty, staff, parents, friends, and members of Kenyon's class of 2018,
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2016, congratulations to all of you.
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17 years ago, I was supposed to be graduating from Kenyon.
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It ended up taking me an extra semester.
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But I was in the audience that day with my friends and classmates.
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I remember nothing about the commencement address, except that it lasted for 10,000 years.
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Like empires rose and fell, and still the speaker droned on cicada-like in his monotony.
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So I come to you today with but one solemn promise.
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One way or another, this will be over in 14 minutes.
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I want to spend one of those minutes, if you don't mind, in silence.
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This is a trick I learned from the children's television host, Mr. Rogers.
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If you don't mind, I'd like us all, not just the students, but all of us, to close our eyes and think for one minute,
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just a minute, about the people who loved us up into this moment.
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Family and friends, teachers and kind strangers.
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I'll keep the time.
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Thank you.
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Those people, they're so proud of you right now.
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My thoughts turned inevitably back to my years at Kenyon and to my professors, especially Don Rogan, who died this school year.
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Mr. Rogan was a brilliant teacher, but I've forgotten much of what I learned in his classes about phenomenology and gospel redaction.
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What I remember most is that he loved me, and that he took me seriously.
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He and his wife Sally welcomed me into their home, fed me, laughed with me, cried with me.
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And for many years, I wondered why he loved me.
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Like I wasn't a particularly good or committed student.
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I showed no particular promise.
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And then when he died, I saw the grief-stricken Facebook posts pour in from his old students, and I realized he had loved us all.
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Love is not like mass or energy.
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It is not conserved.
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And in the next 17 years, you will forget a lot.
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But you will not forget the kindness
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and generosity of those on this hilltop who were kinder and more generous than they needed to be.
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So when I was a student here, there was widespread agreement among my peers
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that the so-called real world of proper adulthood was basically a disease you caught and then eventually died from.
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Like, adulthood, with its mortgages and spreadsheets and lawn maintenance,
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seemed to be a thing to be dreaded and resisted until finally it overtook you, like a zombie plague.
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And then, like, once you acquired adulthood, you would start saying things like brand awareness in a fractured media landscape.
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And we need a president who knows how to get things done.
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To be an adult meant engaging in totally unironic conversations about the weather.
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I remember once when I was at Kenyon, my grandmother called me to tell me that she was watching the Weather Channel
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and that it looked like it was raining in Ohio.
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I explained to her that I was reading Ulysses.
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That I wasn't even in Gambier, but in Dublin, Ireland in 1904.
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And that history was a nightmare from which Daedalus was trying to awake.
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And that nothing, literally nothing, mattered less than the current weather.
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And then after a moment she asked, Well, is it raining or isn't it?
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To be an adult was to be a river rock blasted
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by an endless torrent of mundane terrors from resume formatting to electricity bills
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that would inevitably smooth all my hard edges until I looked and felt just like everything else.
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Now this is the part of the commencement address where I'm supposed to tell you
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that in fact adulthood isn't so bad and blah blah blah but no, no, it is so bad.
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If anything, it is worse than I could have imagined.
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I mean, have you ever been to a homeowners association meeting?
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Like each of you in the class of 2016 is a wondrous
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and precious and rare life in a vast and almost entirely dead universe.
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devoting two hours of your bright
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but brief flicker of consciousness to a debate over whether the
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maximum allowable length of grass in your neighborhood's front lawns should be four inches or six.
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But it's true, you will debate grass length or something equally stultifying.
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You will learn, almost against your will, the difference between whole and term life insurance.
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You will test drive a minivan and find yourself surprised by the quality of its handling.
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And along the way, along the way you'll find yourself wondering, why am I doing this?
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Why am I doing any of this?
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And this is, in my experience, where your Kenyan education will come in very handy because whether you've studied economics or anthropology,
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for the last four, or if you're like me, five years, you've been investigating what constitutes a fulfilling, successful human life.
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And I'd argue that actually is adulthood.
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Like maybe adulthood isn't something you've spent your time at Kenyon preparing for.
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Instead, maybe you've been doing it, albeit not on the minivan scale.
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You're probably familiar with the old line that a liberal arts education teaches people how to think.
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But I think it mostly teaches you how to listen.
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In your classes and in your readings, you've been listening.
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You've listened to your professors and to your peers,
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but also to Toni Morrison and Jane Austen and John Milton as you all together examine the big questions of our species.
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What do we owe ourselves and what do we owe others?
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What is the nature of the universe and what is our role in it?
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How best might we alleviate the suffering within and without?
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You learned about these questions at Kenyon, but you won't leave them here.
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And while making your voice heard on those questions is vital, you've also learned here that your voice gets stronger the more you listen.
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and not just listening to loud voices, but also to those that are hard to hear because they've been systemically silenced.
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I hope that listening will help inoculate you from the seductive lies of our time.
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The lie that strength and toughness are always assets, that selfishness is not just necessary,
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but desirable, that the whole world benefits most when you act in your own narrow self-interest.
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That seductive lie is appealing because it allows us to go on doing what we would have been doing anyway
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because it imagines a world in which I am what I feel myself to be, the exact center of the universe.
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But living for oneself, even very successfully,
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will do absolutely nothing to fill the gasping void inside of you of you.
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In my experience, that void gets filled not through strength but through weakness.
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You must be weak before the world because love and listening weaken you.
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They make you vulnerable.
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They break you open.
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And it is only when you are weak that you can truly see
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and acknowledge and forgive and love the weakness in others.
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Weakness allows you to see other humans not as enemies to defeat, but as collaborators and co-creators.
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In the end, we're making humanness up together as we go along.
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At the homeowners association meeting, where the miserable adults are debating grass length, what they're actually doing is hashing out what kind of neighborhood they want to share.
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When you're deciding between whole and term life insurance, you're actually thinking of a world without you and how you might be helpful to those you leave behind,
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and how lucky you will be to leave people behind, to have been woven so deeply into the interconnected web of the human story.
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All of it, actually, from electricity bills to the job where your coworkers call themselves teammates, even though this isn't football, for God's sakes.
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All of these so-called horrors of adulthood...
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I lost my place.
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There we go.
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All of these so-called horrors of adulthood emerge from living in
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a world where you are inextricably connected to other people to whom you must learn to listen.
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And that turns out to be great news.
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And if you can remember that those conversations about grass length
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and the weather are actually conversations about how we're going to get through and how we're going to get through together, they become not just bearable,
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but almost kind of transcendent.
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One more way that listening will be of use to you.
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Over the next few days, you're going to straggle out of this strange and wonderful place and enter a world where you will be,
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at least for a little while, manifestly weak.
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If you're lucky enough to have a job, it will likely involve fetching coffee for ungrateful bosses, or entering data, or writing press releases that no one reads.
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Some people will probably treat you as less than fully human, imagining you not to be the complex and multitudinous person you are,
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but instead as an easily replaceable cog in the clockworks of their organization.
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And all of that will be easier if you can see yourself not as the protagonist of your own heroic journey,
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but instead as a collaborator in a massive, sprawling human epic.
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I don't remember anything said at my commencement address, but I do remember Wendy McLeod's speech the day before.
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Professor McLeod, I apologize in advance for butchering your quote and for not swearing when you swore, but she said something like, you're about to be a nobody,
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and that's important because when you become a no- and that's important because when you become a somebody, if you can remember what it was like to be a nobody,
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you won't be a jerk.
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This is.. the parents are clapping.
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Looking back, I think that's about the second best piece of advice I've ever received behind only
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that given me by Professor Rogan, who once told me, and this I can quote directly, You're a good kid, but you need to learn when to stop talking.
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So I will shut up momentarily.
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And anyway, I can offer you no real advice on how to live a successful adult life, but I don't need to.
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The people you thought of during that minute of silence, they are who you want to be when you grow up.
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They have been strong for you, but also weak for you.
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They listened to you.
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They were irrationally, impossibly kind to you.
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It's not just that you wouldn't be here without them.
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You wouldn't be without them.
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If they're here today, I hope you'll take a second to thank them.
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And if they aren't, they may call later to ask you how it went.
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They may even ask what the weather was like.
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Tell them it was rainy, inexcusably cold for late May.
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and remember to ask if it is raining in their pocket of the world.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 136 frases e 1841 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 13:40. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 135 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 82% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| adulthood substantivo | idade adulta, fase adulta | |
| grass substantivo | /ɡɹɑːs/ | grama, relva |
| silence substantivo | /ˈsaɪ̯ləns/ | silêncio |
| weakness substantivo | /ˈwik.nɪs/ | fraqueza |
| electricity substantivo | /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ | eletricidade |
| horror substantivo | /ˈhɒɹ.ə/ | horror |
| peer substantivo | /pɪɹ/ | par |
| void adjetivo | /vɔɪd/ | vazio, vazia |
| lawn substantivo | /lɔːn/ | gramado, relvado |
| inevitably advérbio | /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/ | inevitavelmente |
| vast adjetivo | /væst/ | vasto |
| pocket substantivo | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | bolso, algibeira |
| trick substantivo | /ˈtɹɪk/ | artimanha, truque |
| format substantivo | /ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ | formato |
| argue verbo | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | discutir, argumentar |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| end up verbo | terminar, acabar | |
| grow up verbo | crescer | |
| shut up | /ʃʌt ʌp/ | cala a boca, cale-se |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — uma ação que começou antes e continua | you've been investigating · you've been doing · you've been listening |
| Frases condicionais if + oração, will/would + verbo — uma condição e seu resultado | If you don't mind, I'd like · If they're here today, I hope you'll take |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | I've forgotten · you've studied · you've spent |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | is not conserved · be dreaded |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 45 contrações e formas reduzidas, como you're, you've, don't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: smooth /smuːð/, grandmother /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌmʌðɚ/, anthropology /ˌænθɹəˈpɑləd͡ʒi/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/, hash /ˈhæʃ/, irrationally /ɪəˈɹæ.ʃə.nə.li/, redaction /ɹəˈdækʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como adulthood, grass, silence.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.