Prática de Shadowing: Learn English by making mistakes - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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What is freedom?
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Where does it come from?
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Freedom is the same as love
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When we love something, we can't bear to see it tempered.
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A free person chooses who to love, what to wear, and where to live.
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A free person has the right to do whatever they want.
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To create their own set of rules for life to say, think, and act without limits.
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But the concept of freedom is not that simple.
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There are limits to our freedoms.
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We are not allowed to drive too fast, damage other people's property, or kill people.
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And as a society, we accept these limits to our freedoms because we have decided that they are necessary and good.
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But how did we decide that?
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How do we know what is good and bad?
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This question is something that philosophy has asked for thousands of years.
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but we can all agree on one thing mistakes are bad our mistakes are punished from the moment
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we are able to make them mistakes keep us up at night mistakes
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we made in high school make our faces flush red
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when we think of them mistakes are the red crosses on exams mistakes cost us opportunities
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and jobs and why why do we always keep making the same mistakes
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but what if mistakes are connected to freedom Gandhi said freedom is not worth having
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if it does not include the freedom to make mistakes
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but I would go a step further and say
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that mistakes are a necessary part of freedom in fact they are a sign
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that freedom is functioning and healthy but why
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because mistakes are always a result of choices you can only make mistakes if you have the freedom to choose poorly.
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A person who doesn't make mistakes is a person who makes no choices.
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That person is not free.
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Now, all of this might seem completely unrelated to language learning, but it's not.
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So many students are not free.
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Prisoners in their own minds, enslaved by their education.
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How many times have you rejected your freedom and avoided a conversation
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or not put your hand up or not shared your idea because you were worried about making a mistake?
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The mistake of not having the right answer or the right accent
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or the right level or the right passport or the right color skin
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and I understand as adults
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we have reached a point in our lives where we are afraid of making mistakes we avoid them
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and we choose to do things that we know we can succeed at but every time you avoid making a mistake,
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you avoid learning because every good teacher knows and the research shows that all learning occurs by mistakes.
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Getting fluent in English will require you to make millions of mistakes,
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so the level of your English directly reflects how many you have made
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if someone has a higher level of English than you it's because they made more mistakes and you haven't experienced all
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of the painful learning experiences that they have.
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So making newer and bigger mistakes more often is a sign that you're learning.
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Now, I want to make something clear.
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I am not saying that you should ignore your mistakes.
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Quite the opposite.
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The research shows that being aware of your mistakes is vital to avoid repeating them in the future
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but you have to give your attention
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and energy to the right kinds of mistakes as a teacher I encounter hundreds of mistakes every day
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but I hardly correct any of them I know from bitter experience
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that if I corrected every single mistake I would kill the motivation and the fluency of my students.
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Now to help you think differently about mistakes I want to introduce you to the mistakes pyramid.
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At the top of the pyramid we have the mistakes that are the least common but the most serious,
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mistakes that cause offence.
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Under that we have another type of mistake, mistakes that cause understanding problems.
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And finally we have the most common type of mistake, the type that causes no problems with communication.
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These are the mistakes that you should focus on the least.
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They don't affect communication and studies have shown
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that the people you're communicating with won't even notice them because people's brains only care about meaning.
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But unfortunately they are the mistakes that are the focus of every bad grammar book,
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every bad exam and every bad YouTube lesson.
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And they also invade and imprison the minds of many learners.
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Bad English teaching tells you that there is only one right way to express something.
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It tells you that if you follow the rules, you won't make mistakes.
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It tells you to stop making choices.
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It tells you to give up your freedom.
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But the characteristic of language that makes it so special is that it is infinite.
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It is infinite because it is made up of pieces that we combine to express every thought,
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idea, and feeling.
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It is infinite because we are free to combine those pieces as we like.
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And that makes language a true democracy.
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So next time you want to say, I can't, because you are worried about making mistakes,
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just remember that those words mean you have the freedom to make mistakes.
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And that freedom is incredibly precious.
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And you have a duty to exercise that freedom because it was earned by the blood,
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sweat and tears of your ancestors.
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You should never give it up or take it for granted.
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I want to finish this video by telling you an ancient story.
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Once there was a woman who collected water from the river every day using two large jugs.
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One of the jugs had a crack in it, while the other jug was perfect.
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The perfect jug was always full of water at the end of the long walk from the river to the house.
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But the cracked jug only arrived half -full.
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This continued every day, with the woman carrying only one and a half jugs full of water to the house.
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The perfect jug was proud of itself, perfect for the task for which it was made.
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But the cracked jug was ashamed of its own imperfection,
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and miserable that it was able to accomplish only half of what it had been made to do.
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One day, the cracked jug spoke to the woman.
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I am ashamed of myself, and I want to apologize to you.
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Why? asked the woman.
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What are you ashamed of?
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For all these years I've only been able to deliver half of my potential because of this crack in my side
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Because of my imperfections you do all the work and you don't get full value from your efforts
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The woman smiled and she said
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Next time we walk to the house I want you to notice the beautiful flowers on your side of the path
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Next time they went up the hill the cracked jug saw
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the sun warming the wild flowers on its side of the path
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and realized that it was responsible for watering those beautiful flowers every day.
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Your English might not be perfect, but just think about the beauty that you are going to bring to the world with your imperfections.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Learn English by making mistakes”. As palavras que mais se repetem: mistake, freedom, jug, learning, English. Este vídeo tem 8 frases e 1218 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 10:56. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 111 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 87% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é fácil de acompanhar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| crack substantivo | /kɹæk/ | fenda, rachadura |
| flower substantivo | /ˈfloʊɚ/ | flor |
| infinite adjetivo | /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/ | infinito |
| ashamed adjetivo | /əˈʃeɪmd/ | envergonhado, avergonhado |
| combine verbo | /kəmˈbaɪn/ | combinar |
| pyramid substantivo | /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/ | pirâmide |
| earn verbo | /ɝn/ | receber |
| ignore verbo | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | ignorar |
| lesson substantivo | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | lição |
| occur verbo | /əˈkɜː/ | ocorrer, acontecer |
| reflect verbo | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | refletir |
| arrive verbo | /əˈɹaɪv/ | chegar |
| connect verbo | /kəˈnɛkt/ | conectar |
| incredibly advérbio | /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/ | incrivelmente |
| vital adjetivo | /ˈvaɪtəl/ | vital |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| give up verbo | render-se |
| go up verbo | subir |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Frases condicionais if + oração, will/would + verbo — uma condição e seu resultado | if you follow the rules, you won't make |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have decided · has asked · have reached |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | are not allowed · are punished · are connected |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | person who doesn · woman who collected |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 11 contrações e formas reduzidas, como can't, don't, won't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: crack /kɹæk/, infinite /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/, ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/, pyramid /ˈpɪɹ.ə.mɪd/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: vital /ˈvaɪtəl/, miserable /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como crack, flower, infinite.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.