Prática de Shadowing: Want to learn faster? Reduce cognitive load - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
Criando lição...
1
Hi, today I'm going to talk about cognitive load theory or cognitive overload,
2
which is a new theory on learning about how the sort of intrinsic
3
or even extraneous difficulty of a learning task impacts our ability to learn, to remember, to retrieve information and so forth.
4
And I want to give you my perspective on this
5
because I think it's quite interesting and it kind of touches on something that I've talked about before.
6
In its essence, I feel that cognitive load theory is about how do you make the task easier, essentially.
7
And the way you make a learning task easier as it applies to languages is to activate prior knowledge.
8
In other words, if you can learn something that you kind of in a way already know, it's going to be easier to learn that.
9
And if it's easier, you're going to be happier and more satisfied with the learning process, and you'll probably stay with the task.
10
I've often said that language learning is a sort of a reiterative or an iterative process.
11
You learn it once, you forget, you go back again.
12
I've used the metaphor of my lawnmower, where if the grass of my lawn is very high, I will actually set the blaze a little higher, an inch or so higher,
13
so that my first pass through the grass will be easier, and then my second pass will also be easier, and I'll have the same grass,
14
but i'll have walked through the lawn twice with a little effort as opposed to pushing against
15
much more resistance another example i used is cross -country skiing
16
if it's snowing and you're going through tracks
17
that have already been made by a skier ahead of you even
18
if more snow has fallen on these tracks you're now gliding more easily it's more comfortable you're moving faster
19
and so you're also taking advantage of in a way prior work
20
or prior knowledge again i think a lot of these education experts have a tendency to overcomplicate things
21
so they talk about the effect of cognitive overload on your short -term memory
22
or working memory and retrieving and those are a lot of details
23
that i don't fully understand but i can use my brain without knowing these things
24
if i have a learning system and process
25
that works i don't need to know in great detail how
26
that all functions in my brain i don't need to know how my car works in order to drive my car.
27
So one of the things that I have found is that prior knowledge, in other words, my previous exposure to a language, however imperfectly I remember that,
28
however many gaps there are, it's all good.
29
So if I, for example, I'm listening to a podcast in Persian and there's lots there that I don't understand,
30
and I'm really only picking up certain chunks of words and phrases that I'm quite comfortable,
31
that almost naturally understand, but I can't tie them all together to really understand the whole podcast, that is still good exposure.
32
So that creates a sort of prior knowledge.
33
Then when I go to link and I start clicking on these words to see what they mean, then I already have that first pass through,
34
that first pass with a lawnmower that makes the second pass easier.
35
It still doesn't guarantee that the next time I listen to it, I'm going to understand it all.
36
It's all a gradual buildup through this iterative and reiterative and going back again process,
37
which I think is the way to reduce the cognitive burden.
38
Another sort of extraneous factor in cognitive overload is how enjoyable the task is.
39
So if I am listening to something that's too difficult, that's not enjoyable.
40
But on the other hand, if I'm listening to something that is of no interest to me, that's also not enjoyable.
41
So as I've said before, if I'm dealing with content that is intrinsically interesting to me
42
that lessens the extraneous burden of fighting to try to learn the language,
43
deliberately try to learn the language from content that's of no interest or a voice that I don't like or a screechy, scratchy audio recording.
44
In other words, everything that makes the task more enjoyable reduces the extraneous cognitive burden.
45
Now, along the same lines we all have different tastes in
46
what we like to do i'm not a fan of uh
47
sort of deliberate retrieval exercises drills flashcards you name it that's not to say
48
that people who like doing those things aren't going to benefit
49
from them it's a matter of what people enjoy doing
50
if you enjoy doing it then the extraneous sort of cognitive burden is is lessened
51
so in my own case i like listening and reading
52
and there is ample evidence that reading is in fact a form of retrieval exercise. In fact, it is retrieving words and phrases
53
or in the case of listening sounds from a meaningful context which according to some research is more effective than
54
trying to retrieve things in isolation.
55
So where I'm coming from in this discussion of cognitive load is
56
that it still comes down to the basic issue of trying to keep things simple and enjoyable.
57
How do we encourage the learner to stay on task?
58
How do we increase the likelihood that the learner will enjoy the process, the learning process?
59
And in that sense, the emphasis should be the perspective of the learner rather than how teachers
60
or educators can structure activities in the classroom or design textbooks or things of that nature, which introduce a level of complexity,
61
which may, in fact, not contribute to lessening the cognitive load.
62
Cognitive load will be lessened if the task is simpler, more straightforward, and more enjoyable.
63
So as a layman, That's my reaction to this whole issue of the cognitive burden.
64
Thank you for listening.
📺 Mesmo canal
B21
Apprendre une langue, c’est s’y habituer
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
To get fluent in a language… find another interest
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2Task-Based Language Learning
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B24
Do This if You Understand But Can't Speak
Interview EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
How To Improve Your Listening Skills
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
How To Improve Your Reading Comprehension
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
The Key to Improved Listening Comprehension
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Can we learn to sound native in another language?
University StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Learn any language with point-of-view stories
Travel EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B26
Chunking: the secret to fluency?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C1Why reading is the KILLER APP for language learning
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
7 tips for staying motivated when learning a language
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
My Method for Learning Languages from Scratch
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1Should you learn low-frequency words? My approach as a polyglot
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B27 reasons to listen before you read
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B1My Top 7 Tips For Improving Your Listening Skills
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
✨ Vídeo recomendado
C187
50 frases
Psychology of Intelligence: Learn Faster Than Everyone Around You
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
153 frases
How I Actually Retain What I Study (The System That Replaced All My Notes)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
37 frases
Is Early Output a Sin?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C19
38 frases
The Neuroscience of Learning
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C110
208 frases
Why You Need to Read Hard Books
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
427 frases
7 Ways You're Overcomplicating English Learning
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
72 frases
Fight brain-rot with Worked Examples
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
102 frases
Why Studying LESS Makes You Learn Faster (Science-Based)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2341 frases
🔥 Your Brain Is Making You Lazy — Rewire It for UNBREAKABLE Discipline
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
170 frases
I reached C1 without moving abroad, so you can just copy me
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
210 frases
The SIMPLEST Way to Become Good at Learning
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Contexto e Fundamentos: Como Reduzir a Carga Cognitiva para Aprender Inglês Mais Rápido
No vídeo, o palestrante discute a teoria da carga cognitiva e como ela impacta o aprendizado de idiomas. A ideia central é que tarefas mais simples e agradáveis ajudam a reter informações melhor, evitando a sobrecarga mental. Ele usa metáforas como cortar grama ou esqui de fundo para explicar que ativar conhecimentos prévios e repetir processos de forma gradual torna o aprendizado mais eficiente. Isso é crucial para quem quer melhorar a pronúncia em inglês ou qualquer habilidade linguística, pois a consistência sem frustração é a chave.
5 Frases Úteis do Vídeo para Comunicação Diária
- "It's gonna be easier to learn that" (Vai ser mais fácil aprender isso)
- "You'll probably stay with the task" (Você provavelmente continuará com a tarefa)
- "That is still good exposure" (Isso ainda é uma boa exposição)
- "It's a matter of what people enjoy doing" (Depende do que as pessoas gostam de fazer)
- "Keep things simple and enjoyable" (Mantenha as coisas simples e agradáveis)
Guia Passo a Passo para Shadowing com Este Vídeo
O shadowing (técnica de repetir imediatamente o que se ouve) é uma ótima forma de treinar pronúncia e fluência. Aqui está como aplicá-lo ao vídeo: Passo 1: Ouça um trecho curto (5-10 segundos) e preste atenção à entonação e ritmo. Passo 2: Repita imediatamente, tentando imitar a pronúncia exata (use "shadowspeaks" ou "shadow speak" como dicas para se concentrar na cópia). Passo 3: Repita o trecho 3-4 vezes, até sentir que a fala flui naturalmente. Passo 4: Aumente o comprimento do trecho gradualmente, mantendo a simplicidade para não sobrecarregar a mente. Passo 5: Escolha trechos que sejam interessantes para você, pois a diversão reduz a carga cognitiva e torna o shadow speech mais eficaz. Lembre-se: a prática iterativa, como o palestrante sugere, é mais importante do que a perfeição imediata!
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | I've talked · I've often said · have walked |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | been made · is lessened · will be lessened |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.