Prática de Shadowing: What If We Moved All 8 Billion People To Mars? - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
Escolha um modo de prática
Cada modo abre uma sala de prática em tela cheia.
269 frases
Se as frases estiverem muito curtas ou longas, clique em Edit para ajustá-las.
1
War?
2
Environmental destruction?
3
Global warming?
4
Species extinction?
5
Spaceship Earth is being trashed by its crew.
6
It's looking like humanity.
7
It needs a plan B.
8
Fast.
9
And the obvious candidate?
10
Well, it's staring down at us every night.
11
Mars.
12
It has a total surface area almost equal to Earth's entire land area.
13
So there's room for all of us.
14
And unbelievably large sums of money are being directed to space exploration.
15
So it's not so out there to ask, what if we moved all 8 billion of us humans to Mars?
16
When you measure it, Earth is 71% ocean.
17
The livable area we live on is just a small part of the total.
18
So even though Mars is a planet with roughly half the diameter of Earth,
19
its livable surface area is strikingly similar to what we have on Earth.
20
So Mars has room for us.
21
Now, the most important element to sustain human life is water.
22
Wherever we move to, we're going to need lots of water.
23
And Mars may look like a dry rock, but unlike closer destinations like the Moon,
24
it secretly has water, and plenty of it.
25
Water on Mars exists as ice at the poles, or it's hidden in deep rock formations beneath the surface.
26
The scientists have estimated that there's enough subsurface water on Mars to cover the entire planet one to two kilometers deep.
27
Now, the next thing we'll need is air to breathe.
28
And Mars has air.
29
It's thin compared to Earth, but Mars has an atmosphere and weather systems to go along with it.
30
Currently, the air can't sustain human life without a space suit, but it is something to build on.
31
And given the choices of other close-by options, Mars is much better than the completely airless Moon,
32
or our closest neighborhood planet, Venus, where the atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid.
33
It also has a surface temperature of a blistering 464 degrees Celsius.
34
That's 867 degrees Fahrenheit.
35
And an atmospheric pressure 93 times that of Earth.
36
So when you look at the hellscape that's Venus, Mars is pleasantly inviting.
37
And then there's light.
38
Wherever we go, we're going to need some sunlight.
39
Mars is only one and a half times the distance from the Sun as Earth is, so it's only a little farther away.
40
At that distance, Mars might seem like a cold environment compared to Earth, but it's close enough to the Sun to receive a useful amount of sunlight
41
that can be turned into solar power and to grow crops.
42
And Mars has seasons, like on Earth.
43
Mars' longer orbit means it takes longer to go around the Sun, so a Martian year is longer, at 687 Earth days.
44
But it has a similar rotation to Earth.
45
A day on Mars lasts 24.6 hours, compared to our 23.9.
46
Plus, it has a very similar axial tilt of 25 degrees, compared to Earth's 23.4 degrees.
47
And wherever we move to needs to be as close as possible.
48
There are closer destinations than Mars, like Venus or Mercury, but by any measure, they're completely unlivable.
49
So we're left with Mars as our closest habitable option.
50
Now, the Red Planet is the only logical next step after the Moon, which itself is an unimaginably harsh environment.
51
It's fit only as a launching pad to space.
52
The Moon is a great stepping stone to other places, maybe a small colony, but certainly not for 8 billion of us.
53
So Mars looks very promising.
54
And colonizing Mars isn't just wild speculation.
55
The race to Mars has already begun.
56
We're about to see one of the most technically ambitious and well-resourced space programs in human history shift into high gear.
57
The financial markets are already going there.
58
Just look at the valuation of SpaceX in 2026, which came in around $1.7 trillion.
59
Compare that with the operational budget of NASA's entire 13-year Apollo project in the 60s.
60
That cost around $300 billion, adjusted for inflation.
61
That shows that this is by far the most well-funded space project in human history, by a multiple of five.
62
This is getting real, real fast.
63
There's no question Earth is dying and Mars has space, Mars has water, Mars has an atmosphere and sunlight.
64
It's relatively nearby and we've already got remote rovers exploring it.
65
And one of the most valuable companies in the world is throwing all its capital and resources into getting there.
66
All that's left is to get all 8 billion of us off Earth and onto Mars.
67
So how many humans have we put into space so far?
68
10,000?
69
Maybe 1,000?
70
Nope, 781.
71
Not exactly an inspiring start.
72
SpaceX is leading the charge right now, constantly wrapping up its launch schedule.
73
But even with all that effort, the numbers are still tiny.
74
The SpaceX managed 96 launches in 2023, upping it to 134 launches in 2024,
75
and hit an all-time high of 165 launches in 2025, which was their busiest year ever.
76
But most of those launches have been without human passengers.
77
Of the 781 people who have left Earth and touched space, SpaceX has only lifted 78 of them.
78
Its Dragon spacecraft took six years and 20 different missions to get to that number, too.
79
That's the entire track record of the most active rocket company on Earth, set against our target of 8 billion people.
80
In the short human history of space travel, the single best year on record put about 70 people into space,
81
which was a record set by a combination of NASA and other countries during the peak of the space shuttle program.
82
And that was back in 1985.
83
Now, the record for the most people in space at the same time was set much more recently, in 2023.
84
And that record was tied again in 2024 when, drumroll please, Eleven people were on the International Space Station,
85
three on China's Tiangong Space Station, and six were aboard Virgin Galactic's VSS Unity space plane,
86
which spent only part of its hour-long flight in suborbital space.
87
So the record is 20 people, and it lasted less than an hour.
88
Humans establishing a permanent presence in orbit is an incredible achievement, and more are on their way,
89
but we're talking about evacuating Earth's entire population.
90
So how difficult is this really going to be?
91
SpaceX's most favorable projections for its Starship have a goal between 100 and 200 passengers per launch.
92
For argument's sake, let's be incredibly generous.
93
Elon loves to plan big and go even bigger, so let's give him the benefit of the doubt and multiply the high end of those numbers by 10.
94
So every launch would have 2,000 passengers.
95
Well, even at that accelerated rate, you'd need 4 million launches to move 8 billion people.
96
Okay, let's frame this from the perspective of a human lifespan,
97
not some abstract future, but as a project that someone born today has a chance of seeing reach completion.
98
At 4 million launches spread across a century of continuous non-stop launching,
99
that works out to about 110 launches of 2,000 person starships every single day for 100 years straight.
100
Put that beside the actual record, SpaceX's busiest year ever was about 165 launches.
101
Moving everyone within a century means sustaining roughly 240 times that annual rate.
102
Not for one record-setting year, but for every single year, 100 years straight.
103
And there's a huge complication to this scenario.
104
They can't launch every day.
105
Because Mars and Earth are moving in relation to one another, they only line up for an efficient journey every 26 months.
106
So launches can't be spread out.
107
They need to be crammed into the 46 or so windows of opportunity that occurred during that 100-year period.
108
Okay, well, that would be 87,777 launches during those precious windows and a standing fleet of ships ready to go,
109
numbering in the tens of thousands.
110
Now, if we were to dial back this hypothetical fantasy
111
and use the number of ships that Elon Musk himself floated as an eventual goal of SpaceX,
112
a fleet of 1,000 ships carrying 100 passengers each, launching during the windows of opportunity,
113
well, the job would take 173,300 years.
114
we're definitely going to need a bigger lifeboat.
115
Let's take our number and multiply it by 100, a measure of scale that's way beyond our current thinking,
116
but also still inside the bubble of what's conceivably possible.
117
Let's imagine that we can build ships that could carry 20,000 people per launch, a design that has no real engineering behind it.
118
But to get a sense of this scale, think of the world's largest cruise ship, Royal Caribbean's icon of the seas.
119
It's 365 meters long.
120
That's 1,200 feet long, longer than three football fields.
121
And it weighs 250,000 gross tons.
122
Between the crew and the passengers, it holds about 10,000 people.
123
So double that, stand it on end and shoot it into space.
124
Even at this gargantuan size, we would need 400,000 launches to get everyone off Earth.
125
That's 11 launches a day for a century.
126
And again, you can't launch every day.
127
Even carrying 20,000 passengers each trip, the size of the fleet would still need to be enormous.
128
A quick trip to Mars, given current technology, would take 200 days one way, a 400 days round trip,
129
with no time for turnaround.
130
But the ship that went to Mars would have to wait there for a window of opportunity to return to Earth,
131
so they wouldn't get back in time for the next launch window 26 months later.
132
We'd have to maintain a fleet double the amount.
133
That's 17,390 ships to keep to this launch schedule.
134
And here's the kicker.
135
Even if we start with a static base figure of 8 billion people, that figure is going to rise daily.
136
To make it simple, let's say we stick with the wildly optimistic figure of 11 launches of 20,000 people a day.
137
So that's 220,000 people a day leaving Earth.
138
But there are approximately 360,000 births a day on Earth and about 160,000 deaths for a daily population gain of around 200,000.
139
To get everyone off Earth and to safety, we'd have to launch a minimum of 10 ships with 20,000 people on them every day
140
before we even started to evacuate any of the waiting 8 billion people alive today.
141
And all this is without getting into the mind-numbing cost of lifting that much tonnage into space.
142
The per kilogram cost of energy spent to send payloads into space is just the start.
143
Humans need incredibly complex life support equipment, food and waste management systems.
144
So unless we build a fleet of thousands of gigantic ships
145
and focus all of humanity's resources on this project for over a century, we won't be moving to Mars.
146
Elon Musk's aspiration is for a 1 million person city on Mars within 20 to 30 years.
147
Even if we ran the numbers for a fraction of Earth's population, say 8 million, and we went back to the most optimistic numbers floated by Elon,
148
we would be looking at between 40,000 and 80,000 launches.
149
But the math we're dealing with is for 1,000 times that population.
150
But let's say human engineering, labor, and resource allocation all rise to the occasion,
151
and humanity pulls together and commits to this project for a century, and we move the human population of Earth to Mars.
152
What happens next?
153
How do we survive?
154
Okay, the problem with Mars is that when you shine a critical light on it, and look past the surface comparisons,
155
It has none of the basics we humans need to survive.
156
If you think Earth's resources are stretched thin, well, let's take a look at a planet that has virtually nothing to offer.
157
The water on Mars is trapped in ice, the air is almost non-existent,
158
there's no food source, the dust that covers the planet is toxic, radiation levels are sky-high, and the sunlight is weak.
159
When it gets down to the simple facts, Mars is going to try and kill you over and over and over again.
160
All that subsurface water is buried so deep that it's almost impossible to get to.
161
Drilling a hole 10 km deep on Earth would be an engineering feat in and of itself.
162
The air is too thin to breathe, so you need to wear a space suit at all times when outside.
163
Even if you could go outside without a suit, the fine toxic dust that covers every inch of the planet will poison you.
164
And even then, the planet doesn't have a global magnetic field blocking out radiation like Earth does.
165
So the radiation bathing you is 100 times Earth's natural background level.
166
Without protection, it will slowly and inevitably destroy your cells.
167
So you need to be shielded more or less permanently.
168
Plus, this barren planet would starve you.
169
This would be the equivalent of having 8 billion people live in a submarine.
170
Permanently.
171
Never surfacing.
172
Sound like fun?
173
Well, there's more.
174
Let's take a closer look at what kind of resources we'd need to survive on Mars.
175
There's a parallel right here on Earth on Earth, the harsh, unforgiving conditions in Antarctic research stations.
176
Nearly everything for human survival there is shipped in from outside.
177
780 kilograms of food per person per year needs to be imported for the crew.
178
The state-of-the-art experimental mobile greenhouse Eden ISS,
179
built to grow food for crews on space stations grew 268
180
kilos of food over about 286 days for a crew of 10, working out to about 27 kilos per person,
181
roughly 3.4% of the 780 kilos a person actually eats every year.
182
Almost all of these stations' operational energy needs to be imported too.
183
Powered by diesel generators, the fuel is shipped in by boat and then flown in by plane.
184
Locally generated wind power covers only about a fifth of the two stations' needs.
185
The South Pole station runs on a lean few hundred kilowatts of power on average to support up to 150 people,
186
but it still burns about 1.7 million liters of fuel a year.
187
scale up this Antarctic math for 8 billion people, and stretch the supply line across 54.6 million kilometers,
188
and the numbers start looking impossible.
189
Nothing grows naturally on Mars.
190
There's no viable soil, other than what Matt Damon might have left up there.
191
And you can't just add water to the dust that's on the ground, it's dead.
192
Every single calorie of food would have to be shipped in or grown in artificial greenhouses with imported soil.
193
Feeding everyone on Mars at the Antarctic per person rate would require 6.24 trillion kilograms,
194
or 6.24 billion tons of food every year.
195
An amount that grown indoors at the best Eden ISS greenhouse yield ever achieved would need a sealed,
196
artificially lit farm about the size of the United Kingdom.
197
The power for lighting and heat alone for 8 billion people on Mars, even at bare research station rates per person,
198
comes out to roughly 9 times all the electricity humanity currently generates worldwide.
199
On a planet that receives less than half of Earth's sunlight, is prone to planet-wide dust storms, and has no natural fuel reserves.
200
And building up an industrial base in the long term on Mars would have severe challenges.
201
The simple fundamentals like no hydrocarbons for plastics,
202
and no coking coal for conventional steel would leave Mars lacking industrial basics.
203
Due to a lack of critical resources,
204
Mars would never be able to sustain some of the simple industrial chains that are essential to our modern technological world.
205
Not to mention the very complex technological chains that drive Earth's current economy and tech industry.
206
Semiconductor supply chains that only a handful of Earth's most advanced economies manage would be almost impossible on a planet like Mars.
207
Mars would likely remain highly dependent on Earth for many of the survival-level basics for centuries, and maybe forever.
208
And unlike colonies of the past on Earth, Mars wouldn't be a source of new wealth for the colonial home country,
209
but an incredible resource drain.
210
In the case of a dying Earth, the resources expended on the Mars project would only speed up our decline.
211
The most radical fix would be to terraform the entire planet, transforming the dry, barren rock that is Mars into a fertile,
212
green water world like Earth.
213
But this process, even if it was possible, would take unimaginable resources and hundreds,
214
if not thousands, of years to achieve.
215
But let's say we did it.
216
Humanity pulled together all its resources and achieved the unachievable.
217
And we moved all eight billion of us to Mars and we solved the problems of water, radiation, dust, food, and energy supply.
218
Well, we still have a bigger problem.
219
The problem is us.
220
Because who's to say that the same 8 billion people who trashed Earth wouldn't do the same thing on Mars?
221
Humans have reshaped Earth.
222
We now live in the Anthropocene, a new geological epoch defined by human activity on Earth.
223
We've changed the composition of the atmosphere.
224
Atmospheric carbon dioxide is now 50% higher than it was before the Industrial Revolution.
225
The ocean has absorbed enough carbon dioxide to increase its acidity by 30%.
226
44% of Earth's habitable land has been turned into agricultural land.
227
Humans have wiped out 60% of the planet's mammals, birds, fish and reptiles since 1970.
228
In the past decades, these human impacts have accelerated at an unprecedented rate.
229
Sometimes referred to as the Great Acceleration, we're increasing carbon dioxide emissions,
230
ramping up global warming, speeding up ocean acidification, destroying habitats faster, killing off more species,
231
and doubling down on natural resource extraction.
232
This is our track record.
233
This is what 8 billion humans are capable of.
234
And there's no indication that we wouldn't just do the same thing again on a new planet.
235
Same population, but in an even more fragile situation.
236
It's hard to imagine how humanity will act living in an almost entirely artificial closed-in world on Mars.
237
But given the evidence, the citizens of Mars are likely to exploit, deplete, degrade their home in the same way they did on Earth.
238
To add to this, the fact
239
that every colony a country has ever established has eventually turned away from its colonizer and fought for independence.
240
many times violently.
241
Just like when the American colonies turned against Britain,
242
the interests of the Mars colony would eventually drift out of alignment with whatever political entity was left on Earth.
243
But in this case, even a resource depleted
244
and environmentally degraded Earth would still look like a green paradise compared to the harsh, barren surface of Mars.
245
Even a half-dead Earth probably recovering after the exodus of humans, would be a strong temptation to a struggling Mars colony.
246
Which leads us to the real deal.
247
Any problem that's big enough to make us seriously consider fleeing the planet
248
is far cheaper to fix here than to restart from nothing on Mars.
249
That's a summary of Neil deGrasse Tyson's point of view on the matter.
250
Neil, who is the director of the Hayden Planetarium, aka someone who really, really knows space.
251
The harsh fact is that there is no plan B.
252
But if we understand this profound truth, we might just have a chance.
253
If we turned the resources we're currently committing to financial fantasies toward the real world problems we face,
254
we wouldn't have to leave Earth.
255
Ironically, the global cooperation needed to plan and pull off mass immigration to Mars
256
would be exactly the international coming together we'd need to move towards sustainability and to reverse Earth's decline.
257
Fixing our problems here is far more realistic and achievable than escaping to space.
258
But there is one external existential threat that we can't fix by ourselves here on Earth.
259
It's happened before, and we probably won't be able to do anything about it.
260
That's a direct hit by an asteroid that could render Earth completely uninhabitable.
261
Even a small asteroid impact could scramble the global climate and send our complex and fragile civilization back to the Stone Age.
262
We might be able to deflect or destroy an approaching asteroid threat if we had enough early warning,
263
but there's also a chance we don't see it coming in time.
264
This is not a fantasy situation.
265
One of these asteroids has already ended an entire era of life.
266
But when the Chicxulub asteroid smashed into Earth, it changed the climate overnight,
267
wiped out the dinosaurs, and redirected the trajectory of evolution.
268
But that's a story for another WHAT IF.
269
Transcription by CastingWords
Baixar aplicativo
Tudo o que você precisa para falar fluentemente
Pronúncia com IANota em cada frase
Prática de IPADomine cada som
VocabulárioMonte seu banco de palavras
Jogo de vocabulárioAprenda brincando
Mesmo canal
B21
Earth Becomes a Moon | What If Saturn Took Over?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
What If Megalodon Fought a 13-Meter Titanoboa in the Swamp?
TeensDaily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
8 Ancient Animals Scarier Than Dinosaurs
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
What If Humanity Became Type 7 Civilization?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
You Are Alive to Watch the Space Station Fall From the Sky
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What If a Megalodon Shark Fought the Kraken?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
What If Gravity Got 1% Stronger Every Second?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
12 Things That Could Destroy Earth
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What If the Kraken Was Real?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B23
What If you Could See the 4th Dimension?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B27
What If Russia Started World War 3?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
What If You Were Swallowed ALIVE by a 60-Foot Sperm Whale?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B13
What If | Channel Trailer | An Epic Exploration Of Possibilities
University StudentsWorking Adults
B24
What If the Megalodon Shark Fought the Leviathan Whale?
University Students
B17
What If the Megalodon Shark Fought the Mosasaurus?
University Students
B21
What If a Needle Hit The Earth At The Speed Of Light?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What If the Mosasaurus Never Went Extinct?
University Students
B24
What If The Megalodon Never Stopped Evolving?
University Students
B21
What Happened After the DEADLIEST Asteroid Hit Earth?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What If We Had To Rebuild Human Society From Scratch?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Vídeo recomendado
B218
41 frases
Unit 6: Living on Mars
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
66 frases
5 "Impossible" Things That Can Happen On Other Planets
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
222 frases
What If You Lived on Mars 1 Billion Years Ago?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2138
16 frases
Can Earth Run Out of Water?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
142 frases
The Planets In Our Solar System
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
18 frases
Sometimes size does matter #stem #map #perception
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
82 frases
What Would Happen If Earth Started to Spin Backwards
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
23 frases
YOU Own the Moon. And Mars. And Venus.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
36 frases
What If The World Went Vegetarian?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B25
5 frases
Spending a Day on Earth 200 Million Years Ago
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
14 frases
Artemis II Astronaut talks about being a Crew ✨🌎 #nasa #space #artemis
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “What If We Moved All 8 Billion People To Mars?”. As palavras que mais se repetem: Mars, Earth, space, planet, billion. Este vídeo tem 268 frases e 3358 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 26:43. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 126 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 81% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| sunlight substantivo | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | luz do sol |
| asteroid substantivo | /ˈæst(ə)ɹɔɪd/ | asteroide, planetoide |
| dioxide substantivo | /daɪˈɑksaɪd/ | bióxido |
| harsh adjetivo | /ˈhɑɹʃ/ | áspero |
| barren adjetivo | /ˈbæɹən/ | estéril, infértil |
| sustain verbo | /səˈsteɪn/ | suster |
| import substantivo | /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ | importados |
| habitable adjetivo | /ˈhæbɪtəbəl/ | habitável |
| kilogram substantivo | /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/ | quilograma, kilograma |
| multiply verbo | /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/ | multiplicar |
| accelerate verbo | /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/ | acelerar |
| greenhouse substantivo | /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/ | viveiro, estufa |
| atmospheric adjetivo | /ˌætməsˈfɛɹɪk/ | atmosférico |
| fragile adjetivo | /ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/ | frágil |
| optimistic adjetivo | /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ | otimista |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| pull off verbo | conseguir |
| spread out verbo | espalhar-se |
| wipe out verbo | aniquilar, exterminar |
| wrap up verbo | embrulhar, empacotar |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- Wherever we go, we're going to need some sunlight.
- For argument's sake, let's be incredibly generous.
- We'd have to maintain a fleet double the amount.
- How do we survive?
- We've changed the composition of the atmosphere.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have estimated · has already begun · have been |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | being trashed · being directed · can be turned |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | people who have · people who trashed · someone who really |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 34 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, can't, wouldn't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: harsh /ˈhɑɹʃ/, emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, shuttle /ˈʃʌtəl/, ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: habitable /ˈhæbɪtəbəl/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, atmospheric /ˌætməsˈfɛɹɪk/, optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/, technological /ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.dʒɪ.kəl/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: sunlight /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/, asteroid /ˈæst(ə)ɹɔɪd/, dioxide /daɪˈɑksaɪd/, import /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: habitable /ˈhæbɪtəbəl/, fragile /ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/, technological /ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.dʒɪ.kəl/, favourable /ˈfeɪv(ə)ɹəbəl/, geological /ˌd͡ʒi.əˈlɑdʒ.ɪk.əl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: harsh /ˈhɑɹʃ/, habitable /ˈhæbɪtəbəl/, greenhouse /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/, handful /ˈhæn(d)fʊl/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como sunlight, asteroid, dioxide.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.