Prática de Shadowing: Unit 6: Living on Mars - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Scientists around the world are interested in exploring Mars.
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Over the past 30 years, there have been dozens of unmanned missions to the Red Planet.
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However, traveling to Mars is not easy.
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About two-thirds of these missions were failures.
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Because missions to Mars are dangerous and expensive, plans for a manned mission to Mars have been delayed for decades.
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The international space community is still not ready to send humans there.
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However, a manned mission to Mars is a goal that Dr. Bob Zubrin really believes in.
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NASA had plans to send people to Mars by 1981 that those plans were credible.
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We should have been on Mars a quarter century ago.
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Bob Zubrin is president of the Mars Society, an international organization he helped start in 1998.
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The Mars Society supports the goal of having humans explore and live on Mars.
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Its members talk to government agencies and private companies who get money to explore Mars.
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Zubrin is also doing research to prepare for a manned mission to Mars.
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The Mars Society set up living spaces designed for Mars in the deserts of Utah in the western United States
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and on Devon Island in northern Canada.
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These remote areas are similar in some ways to the surface of Mars.
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We're trying to find out what field tactics and techniques would be most usefully applied on Mars, what technologies would be most useful to the crew.
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Zubrin has ambitious ideas.
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He plans to colonize the planet.
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We're going to Mars because Mars is the planet that has on it the resources needed to support life, and therefore potentially someday human civilization.
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For Zubrin, Mars is the new frontier.
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Whether or not there has been life on Mars, whether or not there is life on Mars, there will be life on Mars.
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And it will be us.
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Herbren isn't the only one with plans for the red planet.
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Dr. Chris McKay has another idea.
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He wants to create an atmosphere on Mars so humans can live there.
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If we go to Mars and find that there is no life, then I say we might as well move in.
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McKay believes that for humans to eventually live on Mars, they need to start by warming up its atmosphere.
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Well, we know how to warm up planets.
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We're doing it on Earth.
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The first step to warming up the planet is putting greenhouse gases into the Martian atmosphere.
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The effect of these gases would be to melt the ice, bring back the atmosphere, and restore Mars to the conditions it was billions of years ago.
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But if humans are going to live on Mars, they're going to need oxygen.
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Chris McKay has an idea about how to create oxygen on Mars, using tiny organisms called cyanobacteria.
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These organisms are known as cyanobacteria.
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It's a type of algae, a single-cell type of algae, that has a very long history on Earth.
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These were the organisms that first made the oxygen.
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And these organisms could do the same thing on Mars, send them to Mars and ask them to change the world.
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Cyanobacteria, the planet changers.
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Scientists continue to study Mars so that one day humans will travel to the red planet.
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And perhaps someday in the future, humans will live there.
📺 Mesmo canal
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “Unit 6: Living on Mars”. As palavras que mais se repetem: Mars, planet, mission, Zubrin, plans. Este vídeo tem 41 frases e 546 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:24. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 160 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. Apenas 79% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| organism substantivo | /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ | organismo |
| cyanobacterium substantivo | cianobactéria | |
| alga substantivo | /ˈæl.ɡə/ | alga |
| someday advérbio | um dia | |
| colonize verbo | /ˈkɑlənaɪz/ | colonizar |
| unmanned adjetivo | /ʌnˈmænd/ | não tripulado |
| usefully advérbio | utilmente | |
| credible adjetivo | /ˈkɹɛdəbl̩/ | crível, credível |
| greenhouse substantivo | /ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/ | viveiro, estufa |
| ambitious adjetivo | /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ | ambicioso |
| melt verbo | /mɛlt/ | derreter, fundir |
| frontier substantivo | /ˈfɹʌntɪə/ | fronteira |
| civilization substantivo | /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ | civilização |
| tactics substantivo | /ˈtæktɪks/ | táticas |
| restore verbo | /ɹɪˈstoɹ/ | restaurar |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| warm up verbo | /ˌwɔː(ɹ)m ˈʌp/ | aquecer, esquentar |
| find out verbo | descobrir | |
| set up verbo | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | preparar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have been · have been delayed · has been |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | have been delayed · are known |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 5 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, isn't, they're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: unmanned /ʌnˈmænd/, melt /mɛlt/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como organism, cyanobacterium, alga.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.