Prática de Shadowing: Why Parmesan Cheese Is So Expensive | Regional Eats | Food Insider - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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A wheel of Parmesan cheese can cost over a thousand dollars.
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The average wheel weighs 88 pounds, which means it costs over 11 dollars per pound.
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That might not sound like a lot, but it's more than double the price of your average cheddar.
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A wheel of Parmesan cheese takes at least one year to age, 131 gallons of milk to make,
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and it can only be made in a small area in northern Italy.
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Parmesan cheese is a big business for Italy.
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An average of 3 .6 million wheels are produced each year,
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and the industry is worth an eye -popping 2 .2 billion euros, that's about 2 .5 billion US dollars,
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making this cheese one of Italy's biggest exports.
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Every single cheese wheel is made in a restricted area in northern Italy, in the region of Emilia -Romagna.
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It's Italian name, in fact, Parmigiano -Reggiano means from the cities of Parma and Reggio Emilia.
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So how does this turn into this?
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And what makes this so special?
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We went to a dairy in Parma, Italy, to find out.
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The very first producers of Parmesan cheese were monks, over a thousand years ago.
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Then, like now, Parmesan wheels were made with only three ingredients.
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Cow milk sold and rented.
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There are only 329 dairies in the whole world that are certified to produce Parmesan cheese.
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and they're all based in the same area where the monks used to make it.
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In fact, It isn't even possible to make the exact same product outside of the production area.
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And why is that?
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Turns out it's all about treating good bacteria that only grow in this specific territory.
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The whole logic in the production of the Parmigiano Reggiano is
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to transfer these bacteria from the herb to the form of the herb, from the herb to the food,
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from the food, from the food, from the food, through the food techniques of animal food, to the milk, Once they are in the latte, in the casificio, they try to grow their own,
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to allow their presence in the form of the parmesan oregano.
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If they are there, they ferment the components of the latte in the flavors and flavors, like the Parmesan.
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Oh, It takes 131 gallons of milk to make one wheel of Parmesan cheese.
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That's whole -low milk.
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Dairies combine freshly milked whole milk with day -old skim milk to make the cheese.
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The two milks are transferred in this copper vat along with fermented whey, a sort of sourdough, and then rennet,
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an enzyme which gives the milk a yogurt -like texture.
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The cheese master will then split the milk into curds using this tool called "spino".
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The casaro must transform this consistency in a more gommy,
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because we have to remove water since we have to cook a long -staged cheese.
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In the process of cooking 5 minutes We move from 38 degrees Celsius to 55 degrees Celsius.
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together we change in the cheese texture, cooking the milk, does another essential job.
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Do you remember the three good bacteria?
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Well, they're not alone.
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Other bacteria, bad bacteria, might have joined the party.
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Cooking the milk ensures that only the good bacteria can continue the journey, while the others are kicked out.
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The curd travels all the way to the bottom of the vat where it's left to settle.
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Thank you.
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45 minutes later, here it is a compact mass of current weighing 220 pounds Bye.
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This mass is the equivalent of two cheese wheels.
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and is split carefully by workers with linen clothes.
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Each of is then transferred into modes.
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Every two hours this telo is changed.
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The operation is to remove the weight from this mass, change the telo, and turn the shape.
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This every two hours until the evening, at 20 :00.
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At 8pm the cheese is covered with this stencil, which will engrave the logo of Parmigiano -Reggiano.
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These dots are the mark of origin used to tell customers that this is the real thing,
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made in the same restricted area where monks used to live in the Middle Ages.
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Each wheel is also given an ID.
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It's this plaque made from milk protein which contains information about where it was produced and when.
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The stencil is removed four days later and the wheels are prased into brines.
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where they stay completely plunged for about 19 days.
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This process helps to form the cheese rind which acts as a barrier for the Jews.
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And this is when the maturation process begins.
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Wheels remain relatively untouched for one year.
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After that, a master grader will respect them. and Brandon.
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The average maturation is 2 years,
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but some wheels are aged as long as 10 years to achieve a stronger, nuttier taste you you a longer maturation period,
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makes the price go higher.
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That's why a stravecchio, very old parmesan, that has matured for three years, will be sold on the market for an average of 13 euros.
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That's about 15 US dollars per pound.
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This high price means that there is now a black market of counterfeit Parmesan products.
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Italy has been struggling with fake products for years.
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In fact, the problem is so big that the fakes have become an industry of their own.
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that is estimated to be worth 100 billion euros, that's about 113 billion US dollars,
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with Parmigiano -Reggiano, being one of the biggest brands fighting copycats.
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While the cheese is protected in the European Union under the Protected Designation of Origin Scheme,
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it is still struggling to get the recognition it deserves in the rest of the world.
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outside the European Union and outside those countries that do not part of bilateral agreements,
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where it is recognized by the European Union, the problem is really very big, very serious.
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In fact, beyond We can't even protect the term "parmigiano -reggiano" through an operation of the market.
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In many countries, in many countries, the term "parmigiano -reggiano" is a trademark, but it is possible to use In many countries the term is Parmesan,
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so that it makes the final consumer to buy a real parmesan with a parmesan.
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The problem is really big and we are working at a government level.
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So, how do you recognize a real Parmesan cheese?
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Do you remember this dot stencil?
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That's a solid indication that the cheese is legit.
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If that's not visible, the packaging should contain Parmigiano Reggiano's official logo, and the EU's protected designation of origin.
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you
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B1 usa o vídeo “Why Parmesan Cheese Is So Expensive”. As palavras que mais se repetem: cheese, parmesan, milk, wheel, parmigiano. Este vídeo tem 84 frases e 1059 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 9:46. O falante fala devagar, cerca de 108 palavras por minuto, o que dá tempo para imitar cada som. 82% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| parmesan substantivo | /ˈpɑːmɪˌzæn/ | parmesão |
| bacterium substantivo | /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/ | bactéria |
| maturation substantivo | maturação | |
| stencil substantivo | /ˈstɛnsəl/ | estêncil, régua vazada |
| herb substantivo | /hɜːb/ | erva, tempero |
| monk substantivo | /mʌŋk/ | monge |
| euro substantivo | /ˈjʊɹoʊ/ | euro |
| dairy substantivo | /ˈdɛə.ɹi/ | laticínios |
| curd substantivo | /kɜː(ɹ)d/ | coalho |
| ferment verbo | /fɚˈmɛnt/ | fermentar |
| latte substantivo | /ˈlɑ.teɪ/ | latte |
| gallon substantivo | /ˈɡælən/ | galão |
| restrict verbo | /ɹɪˈstɹɪkt/ | restringir, limitar |
| weigh verbo | /weɪ/ | pesar |
| flavor substantivo | /ˈfleɪvə/ | sabor, gosto |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | descobrir |
| kick out verbo | expulsar |
| turn out verbo | terminar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| “Used to” used to + verbo — um hábito ou estado do passado que não é mais verdade | used to tell · used to live |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | be made · are produced · is made |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has matured · have become |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | pounds, which means · stencil, which will |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 4 contrações e formas reduzidas, como they're, can't, isn't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: designation /dɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən/, freshly /ˈfɹɛʃli/, indication /ɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: designation /dɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən/, oregano /əˈɹɛɡənoʊ/, bilateral /baɪˈlætəɹəl/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, consistency /kənˈsɪs.tən.si/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: pound /ˈpaʊ̯nd/, herb /hɜːb/, monk /mʌŋk/, curd /kɜː(ɹ)d/, ferment /fɚˈmɛnt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: stencil /ˈstɛnsəl/, bilateral /baɪˈlætəɹəl/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como parmesan, bacterium, maturation.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.