Практика Shadowing: I’ve never seen this before (and it’s 20 years old.) - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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1
This machine might be 20 years old, but if I were to tell you the specs, you'd probably think it was a perfectly modern PC.
2
I'm talking 8 processing cores, 16 threads, 32 gigs of RAM.
3
In this economy?
4
Gigabit Ethernet, not to mention a terabyte of high -speed storage.
5
In this economy?
6
I know, right?
7
But while its specs might be similar to a gaming PC, can your gaming PC do this?
8
i just ripped out a quarter of the memory in this computer and
9
if you want your mind really blown
10
it is still running a computationally intensive load guys
11
there's no movie magic here no computer behind the curtain okay there is one
12
but it's just capturing this madness that is insane and
13
And I'm going to take it to another level by taking this and putting it right back in live.
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It never missed a beat.
15
This blew my freaking mind when I saw it.
16
I mean, if I pulled eight gigs of RAM out of your PC while it was turned on,
17
well, I better hope I can run faster than you because you'd probably want to rearrange my teeth.
18
And I just fixed them.
19
but this is different this absolute unit of a machine from the early 2000s was built for resiliency
20
and redundancy and
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when i say redundant
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i mean redundant four cpus hard drives in raid 5 complete with a hot spare hot swap pci cards
23
and i don't think i've ever been hands -on with this before yes hot swappable ram
24
you can just do this all day ram goes in ram
25
goes out ram goes in ram goes out ram goes he's gonna be here a
26
while while we wait why don't we segue to our sponsor
27
look at mark finally using odoo the all -in -one business app subscription he's loving how easy
28
it is to use too oh it's got all the apps i need just like i said i win mark craig
29
okay what exactly am i looking at here though this is
30
an ibm x3800 series server from kind early 2000s uh
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it's powered by a bunch of intel zeons think uh pentium
32
dual era pentium d okay sorry netburst architecture netburst at its worst pretty much yeah
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we got it from our pals over at disappearing inc shout out by the way definitely
34
and uh pancarts has been fixing it up for us
35
okay i think the first thing
36
that we've got to address is how it's even possible
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that we can pull ram again no tricks out of a live booted system
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and it just keeps going memory mirroring basically raid one for your ram
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so these two banks and these two banks are paired together
40
so if you pull one of them it doesn't matter the memory is still there we've got duplicate copies
41
that are just across the memory and our memory controller supports that yep
42
and you can change the sticks out put them back in to take care of errors all of
43
that now there are reasons that you wouldn't be able to do this on modern systems
44
and one of them is
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that memory controllers have moved from being off of the cpu
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on the north bridge to being directly in the cpu itself with all of the very low latency expectations
47
that come with that see here we're paying a cost in terms of latency
48
But, what we're gaining is, RAM goes in.
49
Eh, eh.
50
Oh boy.
51
Eh, eh.
52
RAM comes out.
53
One thing we did cheat on a little bit is
54
that we were already getting this error LED lighting up on the particular bank of modules that we pulled out.
55
But, that's kind of the whole reason for the design
56
and is exactly what we were trying to illustrate because
57
if there's a problem these little blinking lights light up
58
and tell us what it is there's even actually more leds
59
on the side by the ram module itself to tell you
60
which particular stick is bad okay that's pretty freaking cool yeah
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and the reason that they engineered this is high availability allowing most of the problems
62
that could come up to be fixed on this server without ever interrupting its operations
63
and as we go through
64
and dig through it together we're going to see a lot of elements of this machine
65
that are built to support this kind of use case starting with the fans okay yeah i mean right it's something that
66
You know, obviously we've seen before this type of hot swappable fanage, not to mention the adaptive fan control.
67
That as soon as it detects that one of them has failed or missing, it ramps up the remaining ones.
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It's kind of mind -blowing to see that this was already a thing in like, what, 2003?
69
2002, 2003, somewhere in there.
70
What an incredible system.
71
Let's take a closer look at this carrier board.
72
I couldn't find any LEDs on the carrier.
73
Oh, really?
74
Yeah.
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Like the only way I was able to tell what slot it was was in the BIOS error messages.
76
There aren't any LEDs there.
77
It lied to me.
78
I think you pulled a bad one.
79
Uh -oh.
80
Oh, you're probably supposed to do one at a time.
81
I had kind of meant look at this one, not pull another one out.
82
Well, you know.
83
I think these two are the redundant ones for each other.
84
It's got a little button on it.
85
Oh, it lights up.
86
That is so weird
87
You know what?
88
Okay, let's do power it down then.
89
Okay, since it's like I'm gonna need a pancreas for that here
90
It's it's very recessed Nice.
91
Oh, whoa shut up.
92
Wait, what?
93
Did you fix it?
94
Oh, did it just go to sleep?
95
No, it's unresponsive.
96
Yeah Wait, the numlock is wait wait, holy it's still working
97
we did it oh yeah he turned it off shutting down it gracefully shut down wait what
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so so these two must not be the pairs for each other they must be
99
because we're running in like effectively raid one on the ram
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so these two were backed up to these that's insane
101
so up here we've got like a almost like m .2 size looking heat sink um
102
that's going to be cooling the mosfets
103
so this right here is power delivery for these four modules
104
and back then a two gigabyte module was a freaking lot like
105
that was insane yeah on the modules themselves you've got another layer of redundancy
106
and protection out of each typical eight memory packages
107
there's an additional ninth that's going to handle you know any random bit flips
108
that might occur that's part of building an ecc module
109
now there's some extra chips here like in the spot where
110
a ddr5 module would have a pmc for power do you have any idea what these are doing
111
because they're also on these 512 meg ones they might be related to voltage drop regulation
112
but i'm not 100 sure on that okay so
113
but probably something to do with these high capacity and
114
or ecc modules continuing to function this actually reminds me a lot of the interfaces
115
that we still use for pcie like at the backs of servers very very similar style of pushpin interface
116
you can see that some of the pins are a little bit longer this is to make sure
117
that your grounds are connected before any of your data pins connect
118
and start firing now before i put
119
this back in would anything prevent me from putting different memory modules onto it
120
and like upgrading in place nope you can upgrade
121
and increase your ramp capacity once per power cycle oh okay okay
122
so you know we have incredible power but not immeasurable power yes
123
that might be os dependent as well okay right
124
while we're waiting for the system to fire up let's take a look at this front light indicator
125
and usb module check this out how cool is
126
that light path diagnostics yeah so what am i looking at here power supply good
127
or bad power supply has been unplugged since it was last booted basically
128
we've got a built -in alarm yeah we've got a warning for over spec whatever
129
that means warnings for raid pci fans I mean, hey, the system works.
130
Yep.
131
How cool is that?
132
You may have angered it.
133
Nah, she's good.
134
Oh, no, it's fine.
135
She's good.
136
It's just a fan.
137
That is so cool.
138
Another cool demo we can do is going to give us
139
a look at what server storage looked like back in those days.
140
Whoa.
141
I think it literally has to initialize the three and you're pulling it out.
142
Well, if it can't handle that, then it's not a very good server, is it?
143
All right while this might look like a regular hard drive there actually is something special about it
144
that is apparent
145
if you look really really close basically
146
this is spinning at about three times the speed of your
147
normal consumer hard drive even compared to the high performance drives of the time
148
that spun at 7200 rpm this is still more than double
149
this spins at 15 000 rpm well past the red line of basically any consumer motor vehicle
150
and it does
151
that for a couple of reasons the faster the drive spins the faster you can get to where the data is
152
And at a time when storage wasn't solid state yet, that was a big deal.
153
The other difference is that these are SAS rather than SATA hard drives.
154
So while the interface looks very similar, and in fact, some controllers can address both kinds of drives,
155
they support additional functions like, for example, having a single drive be able to be accessed by two separate controllers
156
that also help increase their resiliency in mission -critical applications.
157
the one downside of these drives is
158
that their capacity is not nearly what you would get out of a regular consumer drive
159
that spins lower and doesn't have all these advanced features
160
but hey you can make up for it by just buying more of them
161
i mean you got server money right
162
i figured out what over spec means oh yeah
163
it means the power supply is out of spec oh you're drawing too much power
164
or whatever so probably if i were to rip a power supply out
165
and it were to be relying on just that one yep
166
that light would light up probably this is yet another component of this system
167
that is designed to be entirely redundant
168
and hot swappable in fact it should be able to handle
169
this as gracefully as just sliding this back in plugging it in
170
and you should hear it pretty much settle back down in a moment
171
while you're waiting why not pull one of these instead
172
oh what am i looking at here oh that's filling the space where a power supply would go
173
but they filled it up with fans so it's not useless got it
174
so we could have up to four power supplies yes depending on what kind of a configuration
175
we were running say you know how many cpu cores we had
176
or how many expansion cards we were running yep let's have a look at these
177
This was early days for PCI Express, so this is Gen 1?
178
Yeah, this actually has PCI -X on it still.
179
Nice, solid.
180
So we're not going to be able to put, like, you know, modern, high -performance CUDA compute GPUs in here or anything like that.
181
Probably not.
182
Everything was still CPUs back then, but...
183
Let me make some visual room for you here.
184
It does have.. how many is this? one two three four pcie by eight slots i'm actually not sure
185
if these are going to run a modern card at all
186
because it specifically says on them
187
that each is rated to deliver up to 25 watts to
188
my knowledge the pcie spec has always called for up to 75 watts
189
that's what i thought through these front power fingers so
190
if we put a card
191
that's expecting to pull 75 watts what's going to happen fire explosions whatever it is will be exciting
192
but that means we're not going to do it till later yeah this is our raid controller yeah basically what
193
that does is it does all the calculations
194
that are involved in the parity bits
195
that are stored on your kind of your extra stripe whether that's a single parity bit for RAID 5
196
or two parity bits for RAID 6 and
197
that determines how many of your drives could fail before
198
you lose any data now in order to do those calculations
199
it has to actually hold the data as it's in flight before it's written to the drives
200
which means that if there was a sudden power failure oh no
201
that in -flight data is just sitting on the card not on your drives
202
that's where these battery backups come in they allow the card to maintain power throughout a power loss cycle
203
and then write that data once the system fires back up
204
that is unless they've bulged
205
you're missing the best part though the leds back here look like a cylon
206
they do presenting his eminence our imperious leader all right this is our main io as well oh yeah
207
so we can talk about that and it's also the management card oh it's modular
208
so so you could swap that out too.
209
Yep, and look at the CPU on there.
210
It's got a power PC CPU.
211
That should be about the same as Dan's iMac, the blue guy.
212
So you've got a whole computer running inside your computer to manage your computer.
213
Yes.
214
It's even got fairly comparable I .O to a modern server.
215
Display out, couple USBs, Ethernet, management Ethernet.
216
Something you might not have noticed, there's no wires going from this card to your drives.
217
You're so right.
218
I didn't clock that.
219
It's all going through the bus to the management card here and then to the Super IO cable here
220
that goes to your SAS backplane for the first six drives.
221
Right.
222
So that's how important RAID functionality was to servers back then.
223
Nowadays, it's all done in software.
224
But back then, they would have considered, okay, there's no way this is running without a RAID card, so it might as well be completely integrated.
225
There actually is a RAID controller on this card as well.
226
just less advanced than this one so it can't run without this card
227
but in less configurations got it oh it's also adapt tech i see it it's right there yeah all right
228
and then if you want a second backplane you plug in here
229
and you have six more drivers at the bottom
230
and then this handles your five and a quarter base your floppy
231
and all the crappy crap right yeah tape drive whatever crap put my cd in my server
232
you could burn the cd off your server uh what's next i guess cpus
233
Uh, they're up there somewhere.
234
I'm not really sure how we get access to them.
235
There is one hint.
236
Yeah.
237
Pencracks pointed out to me that everything in here is color -coded.
238
Yes.
239
Stuff that you're meant to interact with is either this blue...
240
Yes.
241
...or this orange.
242
Right.
243
So if we just start ripping on everything that's blue or orange, we'll eventually make it to the CPUs.
244
Okay, but the orange is hot swap, the blue is not.
245
Right.
246
So we shouldn't mess with blue stuff.
247
Unless we turn it off.
248
Yeah.
249
Hang on, what's the number there?
250
Yeah, okay.
251
409 cinebench scores yep fun fact that's the exact same score my laptop gets really
252
and it's same number of cores same amount of ram same amount of hard drive
253
that right there oh geez wow
254
that was a good shot please tell me
255
you weren't rolling oh on the plus side
256
it's mostly old crappy ram yeah there's three two gig sticks in there that's fine that's still old yeah
257
if it had been ddr5 i would actually be very upset
258
that's 20 years of progress was what i wanted to say see this now the size of this got
259
this cool little unlock mechanism not color -coded blue
260
do better ibm just like we did better making a bolt action pen
261
that's super cool lttstore .com I would have failed screwdriver shafts no less that's true it's not blue but listen
262
Jordan come on man all right
263
we rip these open okay oh these are
264
color coded blue okay side tabs are wow
265
that is some serious connectage not
266
that Dissimilar to a modern server though where a lot of the PCIe will be handled in the same way
267
and you'll have like big like
268
Like almost like spade style connectors for power and stuff like that.
269
Mm -hmm prehistoric motherboard armor
270
Yeah, oh, yeah
271
That's pretty cool
272
Jordan weirded me out.
273
I was like where the heck are all the memory slots?
274
Right right here.
275
Yeah.
276
Yeah.
277
I found them.
278
I found them and these are the fan slots and look at this
279
This is fricking heavy because it's got about 1 ,000 pounds of copper coolers right here at the front.
280
Isn't that beautiful?
281
Each of those with a dual, that's right, deuce core CPU under it.
282
Do we have any idea?
283
Four holes reds.
284
Oh my God.
285
They're very loose.
286
They're very, yeah.
287
They just come off like that?
288
Whoa, they're hot.
289
Oh, it's hot, it's hot.
290
Watch out, watch out.
291
Okay.
292
hi there buddy how you doing that's a socket
293
that i don't think i have ever touched before what is this 604 uh -huh okay
294
and there it is it's kind of amazing how jank
295
and old it looks
296
because the consumer stuff from this generation did not look like
297
jank actually smd chips on there like i know right like look freaking look at this it's
298
so cute it's ridiculous and there it is
299
so here's all the laser engraved information where you've got your stepping
300
and your manufacturing location 667 megahertz front side bus so
301
that was what it used to communicate with memory um rather
302
than having memory controller built into the cpu fun fact that's a big part of why modern cpus have
303
so many flipping pins is because the memory
304
and pcie is routed directly to pins on the cpu speaking of adding two more cpus
305
this motherboard only included the vrms so like the power delivery for two cpus
306
if you wanted more you have to actually add check this out give me that before you drop it.
307
Thanks.
308
You have to add VRM modules over on this side.
309
How crazy is that?
310
It's worth noting that the specs for this are actually nothing special compared to consumer CPUs at the time.
311
3 .33 gigahertz, 667 megahertz frontside bus.
312
Okay, it's got a little bit more cache, 16 megs.
313
but what made these so expensive was the very fact
314
that you could use them in multi -way configurations enabling core counts that just weren't possible on consumer platforms
315
like we were limited to two or i mean realistically one yeah one mostly
316
eight cores think of the cores well yeah
317
you could totally see where like the vrms are on on the motherboard over there, and then they're just not.
318
Yeah, I think it's because they just didn't expect you to actually upgrade.
319
Yeah, who would need eight cores?
320
The CPUs were like four grand a pop.
321
What are they worth now?
322
We paid 500 bucks for the entire computer all in, with all of our upgrades.
323
Yeah, that's probably still too much.
324
Most of that was disappearing ink.
325
Okay, that's fine, they're pros.
326
Or maybe we didn't overpay.
327
I mean, if the recent tour at Hetzner was anything to go by, people are probably still rolling these machines.
328
If it's not broke, why would you replace it?
329
Then why would you replace it?
330
And IBM still provides the support that you need to find replacement parts.
331
Like these FRUs, these reference numbers, are still accessible on their site for a server that is 20 years old.
332
Yep.
333
Which is pretty cool.
334
So when Pancratz was trying to get those VRM modules, he was just like, type, type, type, type, type.
335
They're on eBay, buy, and or G2G.
336
That's pretty cool.
337
Yeah.
338
Is there really any deeper to go?
339
It's just hard drive bays and optical bays down there.
340
If you want to look at the back plane on the hard drives.
341
No, I think I know what I want to do.
342
Uh -oh.
343
This can't be good.
344
Thank you, Corsair, for sending over this PCIe riser to be savaged.
345
Let's plug a GPU into our server.
346
So fun fact, the difference between a PCIe by 16 riser
347
and a PCIe by eight riser is how many PCIe's it has.
348
So now it has eight.
349
We counted the pins and made sure that it's however many fits in the slot.
350
And then all of these pins are now just dead.
351
One of the coolest things about PCIe is depending how much bandwidth you need to your card,
352
you can use however many of the lanes you need.
353
So we need eight, apparently.
354
Ka -chunk.
355
There she is.
356
You're a madman.
357
I know.
358
Here's the power supply.
359
Frank Rats, you got a card?
360
I got a couple options.
361
All right, I'll take whatever's older.
362
Older, R9 390.
363
Thanks.
364
It's probably not hot plug this.
365
Right, right, right.
366
Okay, and then we'll just kind of, kind of give it the old, eh, bleh, so that, sure.
367
That seems totally safe.
368
You've never dropped anything before.
369
Editor, I forbid you to roll that footage.
370
He's already done it by that point, come on.
371
No, no, you're wrong.
372
Could have been a she.
373
Whoever it was, dude.
374
I'll just hold this here for like two hours while you're...
375
I have no idea if this is going to work.
376
In theory, generations of PCIe are cross -compatible with each other.
377
This is cool.
378
We took our memory out of mirrored mode, so we now have actually 32 gigs of addressable RAM.
379
Now we can pop open device manager and see if our display adapter.
380
Yeah, I don't think it did
381
And do an unknown device that was already there though.
382
I'm pretty sure yeah, that's it.
383
I'll be a monkey's uncle
384
Yeah, the unknown device was an ACPI controller of some sort memory module That's hilarious.
385
Okay.
386
Well, I don't know what I was expecting I suspect that 25 watts is a big part to do with it.
387
Yeah, or even just
388
the age disparity you know age gaps can be okay
389
but they don't always work out you know what does always work out though it's telling you about our sponsor
390
oh hello mark hello greg i presume you've transitioned your workflow in accordance with company policy
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which was updated following my recommendation to management
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Yep, I have, Craig.
394
Good.
395
Well, let me know if you need any tips.
396
Tip?
397
Excuse me?
398
Well, you know Odooz apps are easy to use, but it's also super customizable, and tons of stuff can be automated,
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whether it's invoices, inventory, or sales.
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There's a lot of depth here for power users
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You know how to quickly format content using power box
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Power Bob and how to create and save custom filters to save time.
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There's There's a dark mode.
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who are you talking to ah
408
if you guys enjoyed this video why not check out the time
409
that we worked with the folks at Disappearing Inc
410
and Reboot Rewind to get some incredible data storage units repaired and an old Canadian TV show restored to its former glory.
411
It was a pretty amazing adventure.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «I’ve never seen this before». Чаще всего повторяются слова: drive, cpu, ram. В этом видео 411 предложений и 4060 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 25:58. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 156 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 82% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| server существительное | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | се́рвер |
| module существительное | /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ | мо́дуль |
| raid существительное | /ɹeɪd/ | рейд, налёт |
| controller существительное | /kənˈtɹoʊlɚ/ | контро́ллер |
| pin существительное | /pɪn/ | була́вка, шпи́лька |
| slot существительное | /slɑt/ | щель, отве́рстие |
| spin глагол | /spɪn/ | верте́ться, крути́ться |
| speculation существительное | /ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ | размышле́ние |
| watt существительное | /wɑt/ | ватт |
| redundant прилагательное | /ɹɪˈdʌn.dənt/ | изли́шний |
| insane прилагательное | /ɪnˈseɪn/ | душевнобольно́й, невменя́емый |
| upgrade глагол | /əpˈɡɹeɪd/ | модернизи́ровать, улучша́ть |
| plug существительное | /plʌɡ/ | ште́псельная ви́лка, ште́псель |
| disappear глагол | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | исчеза́ть, исче́знуть |
| gig существительное | /ɡɪɡ/ | конце́рт, музыка́льное представле́ние |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| light up глагол | свети́ть, освети́ть | |
| go out глагол | выходи́ть, вы́йти | |
| shut down глагол | выключить, остановить | |
| watch out | осторо́жно! | |
| work out глагол | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | рассчи́тывать, рассчита́ть |
| back up глагол | дава́ть за́дний ход | |
| check out глагол | проверя́ть, прове́рить | |
| come off глагол | отвалиться, отсоединиться |
Фразы, которые стоит повторять
Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:
- Let's take a closer look at this carrier board.
- Did you fix it?
- Do we have any idea?
- If it's not broke, why would you replace it?
- Then why would you replace it?
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Условные предложения if + предложение, will/would + глагол — условие и его результат | If it's not broke, why would you |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | i've ever been · have moved · we've seen |
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | was turned · was built · are paired |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 77 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например you're, they're, I'm. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, ninth /naɪnθ/, motherboard /ˈmʌðɚˌbɔɹd/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: speculation /ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/, configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/, subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/, calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn̩/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: speculation /ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/, configuration /kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/, ridiculous /ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/, architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: watt /wɑt/, swap /ˈswɑp/, whoa /woʊ/, wire /ˈwaɪɚ/
- /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: whoever /huˈɛvɚ/, hilarious /hɪˈlɛə.ɹi.əs/, hint /hɪnt/, heck /hɛk/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: raid /ɹeɪd/, upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/, plug /plʌɡ/, gig /ɡɪɡ/, package /ˈpæk.ɪd͡ʒ/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как server, module, raid.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.