Практика Shadowing: Let's do karaoke - Shadowing practice - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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Let's get Hi there, I'm Tony Grant and this is Learn English with Tony.
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A weekly podcast to improve your listening skills and grow your English vocabulary.
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Join me for a new episode every Friday where I'll give a short talk on a theme
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and explore a few interesting words and phrases for you.
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Okay everyone, the holidays are over now and it's back to work, or school, whichever stage of life you're in.
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January's always a slightly tough time in the Northern Hemisphere, don't you think?
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We come back from a nice break over the end of year holidays
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and we land with a bump in the coldest month of the year.
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But I hope you've all had a nice break anyway and are feeling refreshed and ready for another year.
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One of the things I enjoyed over New Year was doing a bit of karaoke here in Tokyo.
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Who doesn't love the chance to get behind the microphone and pretend to be a rock star for a couple of hours?
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I have to admit that nobody needs to hear me trying to sing Wonderwall by Oasis, but I enjoy myself anyway.
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If you're not familiar with karaoke, it was invented in Japan in the 1960s and early 70s.
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The name comes from a combination of two words in Japanese,
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kara meaning empty and oke which is short for orchestra.
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So karaoke literally means empty orchestra, or singing without a live band.
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The story goes that in Japan in the 60s, bars often had live musicians who would accompany customers singing popular songs.
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When those musicians weren't available, bar owners started to use pre-recorded instrumental tracks instead.
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Customers could still sing, but the orchestra was now empty, so to speak.
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The person most often credited with inventing karaoke is a man called Daisuke Inoue, a musician from Kobe.
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In 1971, he created a simple machine that played backing tracks on tape while customers sang into a microphone.
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Inoue rented these machines out to bars and clubs and they became really popular.
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But amazingly, he never patented his invention.
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He never obtained a license or patent for his machines and
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that allowed other people to copy his idea and create competing machines, and they all spread quickly across Japan.
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By the late 1970s and 80s, karaoke boxes appeared.
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These were small private soundproof rooms that could be rented by the hour,
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which were absolutely perfect for small groups of friends to use, and that's what you can find today all over Japanese cities.
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From the 1980s onwards, karaoke spread outside Japan, first through East and Southeast Asia,
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and then eventually to Europe, America and beyond.
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There are a few differences, of course.
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Western karaoke is often about public performance, and you find yourself singing in front of a bar,
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whereas Japanese karaoke is mostly private and in small groups.
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And believe it or not, in 1999, Time magazine named Daisuke Inoue,
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one of the most influential Asian people of the 20th century, acknowledging karaoke's massive global cultural impact.
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But the benefits of karaoke might not only be cultural.
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Studies have shown that singing might actually have a lot of health benefits too.
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It's believed that singing directly activates the vagus nerve through our vocal cords and the muscles at the back of the throat.
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The vagus nerve is a major part of the nervous system connecting your brain to your organs
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and it plays a big role in rest and relaxation.
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When you exhale or breathe out
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while singing you stimulate the vagus nerve causing endorphins to be released
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which can create pleasure and a sense of well-being and also reduce pain.
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So singing really can reduce your stress levels
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which is something I think the Japanese must have known since at least the early 1970s, given that there's a karaoke box on almost every street corner here.
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I wouldn't be surprised if hearing singing has a similar effect on our stress levels too.
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I don't mean hearing someone like me trying to sing Bohemian Rhapsody in karaoke of course.
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I'm thinking of more gentle, calm types of singing.
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After all, most mothers of newborn babies sing to their child, and the mother's singing seems to have a sort of calming effect on the baby.
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That's where lullabies come from, gentle songs that we sing to children to send them to sleep.
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One of the most striking benefits of singing though is its positive effect on the brains of people suffering from cognitive decline,
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like elderly people with dementia.
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Singing demands a lot from the brain because it requires attention and forces us to remember words and lyrics.
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It's also believed that singing helps the brain to rewire itself, creating new pathways and networks of neurons.
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And that's why it's being used by some researchers to help treat people who have suffered a brain stroke, to help them recover their speech.
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Isn't the human brain amazing?
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Anyway, regardless of all these benefits of singing, it's also just plain good fun, especially in a karaoke box with your mates.
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So on that note, I think I'm going to sit down and plan my New Year's karaoke playlist.
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Thank you for listening to Learn English with Tony.
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If there's a topic you'd like me to talk about in a future episode,
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just send an email to learnenglish.mobile at britishcouncil.org and remember, stay safe everyone.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «Let's do karaoke - Shadowing practice». Чаще всего повторяются слова: singing, karaoke, brain, sing, Japanese. В этом видео 61 предложений и 904 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:52. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 132 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. Только 80% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| karaoke существительное | /ˈkæ.ɹiˌəʊ.ki/ | карао́ке |
| orchestra существительное | /ˈɔː.kɪs.tɹə/ | орке́стр |
| musician существительное | /mjuˈzɪʃən/ | музыка́нт, музыка́нтка |
| nerve существительное | /nɝv/ | нерв |
| invent глагол | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | изобрета́ть, изобрести́ |
| microphone существительное | /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/ | микрофо́н |
| distress существительное | /dɪˈstɹɛs/ | го́ре, беда́ |
| gentle прилагательное | /ˈd͡ʒɛntl̩/ | благоро́дный, любе́зный |
| patent существительное | /ˈpeɪtənt/ | пате́нт |
| endorphin существительное | /ɛnˈdɔ(ɹ)fɪn/ | эндорфи́н |
| exhale глагол | /ˌɛksˈheɪ̯l/ | выдыха́ть, вы́дохнуть |
| lullaby существительное | /ˈlʌləbaɪ/ | колыбе́льная |
| neuron существительное | /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ | нейро́н, не́рвная кле́тка |
| onward наречие | /ˈɒnwəd/ | вперёд |
| soundproof прилагательное | звуконепроница́емый |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| sit down глагол | сади́ться, сесть |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | was invented · could be rented · be released |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | have shown · have suffered |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | oke which is · people who have |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 14 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например I'm, don't, you're. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/, refresh /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/, relaxation /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/, dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: karaoke /ˈkæ.ɹiˌəʊ.ki/, amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/, accompany /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, instrumental /ɪnstɹəˈmɛntəl/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: onward /ˈɒnwəd/, rewire /ɹiːˈwaɪə(ɹ)/, whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: nerve /nɝv/, onward /ˈɒnwəd/, bind /ˈbaɪ̯nd/, cord /ˈkoɹd/, cognitive /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как karaoke, orchestra, musician.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.