تدريب Shadowing: Let's do karaoke - Shadowing practice - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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Let's get Hi there, I'm Tony Grant and this is Learn English with Tony.
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A weekly podcast to improve your listening skills and grow your English vocabulary.
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Join me for a new episode every Friday where I'll give a short talk on a theme
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and explore a few interesting words and phrases for you.
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Okay everyone, the holidays are over now and it's back to work, or school, whichever stage of life you're in.
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January's always a slightly tough time in the Northern Hemisphere, don't you think?
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We come back from a nice break over the end of year holidays
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and we land with a bump in the coldest month of the year.
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But I hope you've all had a nice break anyway and are feeling refreshed and ready for another year.
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One of the things I enjoyed over New Year was doing a bit of karaoke here in Tokyo.
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Who doesn't love the chance to get behind the microphone and pretend to be a rock star for a couple of hours?
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I have to admit that nobody needs to hear me trying to sing Wonderwall by Oasis, but I enjoy myself anyway.
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If you're not familiar with karaoke, it was invented in Japan in the 1960s and early 70s.
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The name comes from a combination of two words in Japanese,
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kara meaning empty and oke which is short for orchestra.
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So karaoke literally means empty orchestra, or singing without a live band.
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The story goes that in Japan in the 60s, bars often had live musicians who would accompany customers singing popular songs.
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When those musicians weren't available, bar owners started to use pre-recorded instrumental tracks instead.
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Customers could still sing, but the orchestra was now empty, so to speak.
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The person most often credited with inventing karaoke is a man called Daisuke Inoue, a musician from Kobe.
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In 1971, he created a simple machine that played backing tracks on tape while customers sang into a microphone.
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Inoue rented these machines out to bars and clubs and they became really popular.
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But amazingly, he never patented his invention.
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He never obtained a license or patent for his machines and
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that allowed other people to copy his idea and create competing machines, and they all spread quickly across Japan.
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By the late 1970s and 80s, karaoke boxes appeared.
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These were small private soundproof rooms that could be rented by the hour,
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which were absolutely perfect for small groups of friends to use, and that's what you can find today all over Japanese cities.
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From the 1980s onwards, karaoke spread outside Japan, first through East and Southeast Asia,
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and then eventually to Europe, America and beyond.
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There are a few differences, of course.
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Western karaoke is often about public performance, and you find yourself singing in front of a bar,
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whereas Japanese karaoke is mostly private and in small groups.
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And believe it or not, in 1999, Time magazine named Daisuke Inoue,
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one of the most influential Asian people of the 20th century, acknowledging karaoke's massive global cultural impact.
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But the benefits of karaoke might not only be cultural.
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Studies have shown that singing might actually have a lot of health benefits too.
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It's believed that singing directly activates the vagus nerve through our vocal cords and the muscles at the back of the throat.
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The vagus nerve is a major part of the nervous system connecting your brain to your organs
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and it plays a big role in rest and relaxation.
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When you exhale or breathe out
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while singing you stimulate the vagus nerve causing endorphins to be released
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which can create pleasure and a sense of well-being and also reduce pain.
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So singing really can reduce your stress levels
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which is something I think the Japanese must have known since at least the early 1970s, given that there's a karaoke box on almost every street corner here.
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I wouldn't be surprised if hearing singing has a similar effect on our stress levels too.
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I don't mean hearing someone like me trying to sing Bohemian Rhapsody in karaoke of course.
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I'm thinking of more gentle, calm types of singing.
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After all, most mothers of newborn babies sing to their child, and the mother's singing seems to have a sort of calming effect on the baby.
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That's where lullabies come from, gentle songs that we sing to children to send them to sleep.
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One of the most striking benefits of singing though is its positive effect on the brains of people suffering from cognitive decline,
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like elderly people with dementia.
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Singing demands a lot from the brain because it requires attention and forces us to remember words and lyrics.
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It's also believed that singing helps the brain to rewire itself, creating new pathways and networks of neurons.
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And that's why it's being used by some researchers to help treat people who have suffered a brain stroke, to help them recover their speech.
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Isn't the human brain amazing?
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Anyway, regardless of all these benefits of singing, it's also just plain good fun, especially in a karaoke box with your mates.
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So on that note, I think I'm going to sit down and plan my New Year's karaoke playlist.
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Thank you for listening to Learn English with Tony.
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If there's a topic you'd like me to talk about in a future episode,
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just send an email to learnenglish.mobile at britishcouncil.org and remember, stay safe everyone.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B2 مبني على الفيديو “Let's do karaoke - Shadowing practice”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: singing, karaoke, brain, sing, Japanese. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 61 جملة و904 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 6:52. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 132 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 80% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
karaoke اسم/ˈkæ.ɹiˌəʊ.ki/كَارَيُوكِي
orchestra اسم/ˈɔː.kɪs.tɹə/أُورْكِسْتْرَا
musician اسم/mjuˈzɪʃən/مُوسِيقِيّ, مُوسِيقِيَّة
nerve اسم/nɝv/عَصَب
invent فعل/ɪnˈvɛnt/اِخْتَرَعَ
microphone اسم/ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/مِيكْرُوفُون, مَيْكْرُوفُون
distress اسم/dɪˈstɹɛs/مِحْنَة
patent اسم/ˈpeɪtənt/بَرَاءَة اِخْتِرَاع
endorphin اسم/ɛnˈdɔ(ɹ)fɪn/إِنْدُورْفِين
exhale فعل/ˌɛksˈheɪ̯l/زَفَرَ
lullaby اسم/ˈlʌləbaɪ/تَهْوِيدَة
neuron اسم/ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/عَصْبُون, خَلِيَّة عَصَبِيَّة
onward ظرف/ˈɒnwəd/إِلَى الْأَمَام
playlist اسم/ˈpleɪˌlɪst/قَائِمَةُ التَّشْغِيلِ
amazingly ظرف/əˈmeɪzɪŋli/عَجَبًا

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

الكلمةالمعنى
sit down فعلجَلَسَ, قَعَدَ

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهwas invented · could be rented · be released
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhave shown · have suffered
جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيءoke which is · people who have

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 14 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I'm, don't, you're. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/, refresh /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/, relaxation /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/, dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: karaoke /ˈkæ.ɹiˌəʊ.ki/, amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/, accompany /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, instrumental /ɪnstɹəˈmɛntəl/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

  • /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: patent /ˈpeɪtənt/, playlist /ˈpleɪˌlɪst/, pathway /ˈpæθˌweɪ/, accompany /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/, bump /bʌmp/
  • /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: vagus /ˈveɪ.ɡəs/, nerve /nɝv/, invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/, whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/, activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/
  • تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: orchestra /ˈɔː.kɪs.tɹə/, musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/, invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/, distress /dɪˈstɹɛs/, gentle /ˈd͡ʒɛntl̩/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل karaoke, orchestra, musician.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →