Практика Shadowing: Seven Testing Principles: Software Testing - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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Consider a scenario where you are moving a file from folder A to folder B.
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Think of all the possible ways you can test this.
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Pause the tutorial and think over the exercise.
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Apart from the usual scenarios, you can also test the following conditions.
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trying to move the file when it is open.
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You do not have the security rights to paste the file in folder B.
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Folder B is on a shared drive and storage capacity is full.
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Folder B already has a file with the same name.
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In fact, the list is endless.
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Or suppose you have 15 input fields to test, each having 5 possible values.
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The number of combinations to be tested would be 5 raised to 15.
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If you were to test all the possible combinations, project execution time and costs will rise exponentially.
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Hence, one of the testing principles states that exhaustive testing is not possible.
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Instead, we need the optimal amount of testing based on the risk assessment of the application.
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And the million dollar question is, how do you determine this risk?
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To answer this, let's do an exercise.
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In your opinion, which operation is most likely to cause your operating system to fail?
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I'm sure most of you would have guessed opening 10 heavy graphics applications all at the same time.
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So if you were testing this operating system, you would realize that defects are likely to be found in a multitasking module, and that needs to be tested thoroughly.
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Which brings us to our next principle, Defect Clustering, which states that a small number of modules contain most of the defects detected.
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With experience you can identify such risky modules.
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But this approach has its own problems.
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If the same tests are repeated over and over again, eventually the same test cases will no longer find new bugs.
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This is another principle of testing called pesticide paradox.
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To overcome this, the test cases need to be regularly reviewed and revised, adding new and different test cases to help find more defects.
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But even after all this sweat and hard work in testing, you can never claim your product is bug-free.
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To drive home this point, let's see this video of the public launch of Windows 98.
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Let's plug it in.
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It's going to say, hey, I see you plugged in a new device, and it's going to load in the appropriate drivers.
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You'll notice that this scanner build Whoa.
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Moving right along.
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That must be why we're not shipping Windows 98 yet.
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You would think a company like Microsoft would have tested their OS thoroughly
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and would not risk their reputation just to see their OS crashing during its public launch.
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Hence, the testing principle states that testing shows the presence of defects.
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Testing reduces the probability of undiscovered defects remaining in the software.
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But even if no defects are found, it is not a proof of correctness or a proof that no defects remain in the system.
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But what if you work extra hard, taking all precaution and making sure your software product is 99% bug-free
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and the software does not meet the needs and requirements of the client?
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Which leads us to our next principle, which states that absence of error is a fallacy.
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Finding and fixing defects does not help if the system build is unusable and does not fulfill the user's needs and requirements.
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To fix this problem, the next principle of testing, early testing, states that testing should start as early as possible in the software development lifecycle,
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so that any defects in the requirements or design phase are captured as well.
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We'll have more on this principle in a later tutorial.
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And the last principle of testing states that the testing is context dependent, which basically means
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that the way you test an e-commerce site will be different from the way you test a commercial off-the-shelf application.
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Before we close this tutorial, here's a quick recap of the seven testing principles.
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Кому подходит это видео?

Это видео идеально подходит для тех, кто учит английский с YouTube и хочет улучшить не только понимание технического языка, но и навыки говорения. Если ты изучаешь программирование или тестирование ПО, это отличная возможность совмещать изучение английского с получением профессиональных знаний. Даже новичок сможет разобраться, так как речь идет простым языком, а примеры понятны.

Фразы и идиомы, которые стоит запомнить

  • Exhaustive testing — "полное тестирование". Например: "Exhaustive testing is not possible" (Полное тестирование невозможно).
  • Pesticide Paradox — "парадокс пестицида". Это принцип, когда повторяющиеся тесты перестают находить новые ошибки.
  • Absence of error is a fallacy — "отсутствие ошибок — заблуждение". То есть, даже если нет багов, продукт может быть неудобным.

Эти выражения часто используются в технической документации, так что их знание поможет не только в разговоре, но и в чтении статей.

Как правильно произносить?

В видео речь идет с умеренной скоростью, что удобно для shadow speak. Обрати внимание на ударения в словах: exponentially (экспоненциально) — ударение на втором слоге, multitasking (мультизадачность) — на первом. Также практикуй интонацию в вопросах, например: "How do you determine this risk?" (Как определить этот риск?). Чтобы улучшить произношение, используй метод shadowing: повторяй фразы сразу после спикера, копируя его темп и интонацию. Это поможет быстро привыкнуть к естественной речи.

Не забывай, что shadow speak — это отличный способ улучшить речь на английском. Проводи по 10-15 минут в день, и ты увидишь прогресс! А видео про тестирование ПО поможет не только в языке, но и в профессии.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →