Практика Shadowing: Solve this 1 mistake → Solve 34% of English Errors - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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137 предложений

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There is only one mistake in this entire text.

Can you spot it?

Maybe you can't see any mistakes, or maybe you can see multiple mistakes.

Advanced English learners will know that there is one big mistake.

Let me read it to you.

As I read, listen and read along with me.

Try to correct the mistake if you know what it is.

Some of the world's most beloved foods exist thanks to happy accidents.

In the 1890s, the Kellogg brothers left wheat dough out overnight at their sanatorium.

Not wanting to waste it, they rolled the stale dough into thin sheets and created cornflakes.

Worcestershire sauce was born from a failed experiment when two chemists tried to recreate an Indian sauce.

At first, it smelled foul,

fishy, sharp, and acrid, but left in a barrel for about 1,5 years, it became delicious.

It's even used to flavour Bloody Marys.

Did you spot what the one big mistake is?

It's incorrect punctuation.

There are several punctuation mistakes in this text and a couple

that could be considered quite major they could limit understanding are

you curious we're going to go through the mistakes in this video but

if you really want to remember everything you learn i've also

created a free pdf to go with today's lesson you'll see

the full text plus explanations of all the punctuation marks

and of course some activities to really test your understanding

if you'd like to download that just click on the link in the description box or scan that QR code there.

You join my mailing list and I'll send the PDF to your email.

Okay, let's go through the text together sentence by sentence.

Are there any mistakes here?

Some of the world's most beloved foods exist thanks to happy accidents.

Nope, that sentence is fine.

We have an apostrophe in worlds, world apostrophe s, to show possession.

A longer form could be the most beloved foods of the people in the world.

Worlds is much faster to say.

Next line, in the 1890s,

with an apostrophe S, the Kellogg brothers left wheat dough out overnight at their sanatorium,

not wanting to waste comma, they rolled the stale dough into thin sheets and created cornflakes, exclamation mark.

Okay, there are two mistakes in that part, though the first is a little bit controversial.

In modern English, most people say that there shouldn't be an apostrophe in 1890s.

It's a plural s, not a possessive, so we don't use an apostrophe.

To shorten the decades, like the 90s,

we use an apostrophe before 90 to indicate that some numbers are missing, but not before the S.

In the not-too-distant past, it was common to use an apostrophe,

so people would write 1930s with an apostrophe S, for example.

For now, especially in exams and formal writing, I recommend not using an apostrophe.

The second mistake is with the comma between sanatorium and not.

Those are two independent clauses and we can't join them with a comma.

We call this mistake a comma splice.

Commas just aren't strong enough to join two independent clauses so we need something with more muscle.

Any ideas?

Well options include a full stop or a semicolon.

Both can separate independent clauses.

We could also replace the comma with a conjunction and or but both work in our sentence.

So comma splices are a no-no in standard English but you'll them used in informal English, in novels, poems and so on.

Again, I don't recommend joining independent clauses with a comma for now unless you're an author

or you reach a very high level of English.

Okay, ready for our next sentence?

Are there any mistakes?

Worcestershire sauce was born from a failed experiment when two chemists tried to recreate an Indian sauce.

No mistakes, this sentence is fine.

We capitalise Indian as it's an adjective meaning connected with India, the country, just like we capitalise English or Australian.

We also capitalise Worcestershire because it's the name of a place in England.

Here it happens to be at the start of a sentence

and it looks very difficult to pronounce but it's actually quite simple.

It's usually pronounced with just three syllables.

Worcestershire, Worcestershire, Worcestershire stresses on the first syllable.

Okay, next sentence.

Can you spot the mistakes here?

There's more than one.

At first, comma, it smelt foul.

Square bracket, fishy, comma, sharp, comma, and acrid, close square bracket, comma.

But left in a barrel for about one, comma, five years, comma, it became delicious.

Okay, that really doesn't sound very nice, does it?

And punctuation wise, there is a lot going on.

First, we have square brackets used in a way that's not standard, though some people might find it acceptable.

According to most style guides, we should use round brackets to enclose extra information in a sentence or passage.

Round brackets are often called parentheses in North American English.

They're just brackets to me here in the UK.

In speech, we tend to pause slightly before and after reading information in brackets.

Remove fishy, sharp, and acrid, and the sentence still makes sense grammatically.

Square brackets are most commonly used in quotations when we add or change a word.

Let's take our sentence to demonstrate.

This is the original.

At first, it smelt foul.

So what if we think it is unclear and our readers won't know what it is?

Well, we can use square brackets.

At first, comma, open square bracket, the source, close square bracket, smelt foul.

Using the source instead of it would make the reference clear to the readers.

The square brackets show the reader that the original words have been changed.

Okay, there's something else inside those brackets.

fishy, sharp, and acrid.

Yum.

In British English, we don't tend to use a comma before and in a list of three or more things.

It's called the Oxford comma.

It's used more frequently in North American English, but this isn't a rule, and you will see Brits using it, and you will notice some North American texts do not.

In general, you can do whatever you feel natural.

but there was actually a court case in the US that hinged on a missing Oxford comma.

It cost a company millions of dollars who said the punctuation wasn't important.

What I think is important for you is that you choose whether to use it or not.

You choose a style and you're consistent with it.

We're not finished with that sentence yet.

100

There is another mistake.

101

left in a barrel for about one comma five years.

102

We don't use a comma to show decimals in English.

103

Do you know what we use instead?

104

A decimal point, which looks exactly the same as a full stop.

105

And don't quote me on the 1.5 year timeline, by the way.

106

I saw that they left it for anywhere from a few months to two years.

107

Anyway, back to the decimal point.

108

When talking about halves and quarters, we tend to say one and a half or seven and a quarter and so on.

109

But you can say 1.5.

110

And when we have a number like this one here, that would usually be 3.14.

111

Lovely number.

112

We do use commas in numbers, sometimes in English.

113

We tend to place a comma before every three digits.

114

So 100,000 would have a comma in the middle.

115

It makes big numbers easier to read.

116

Now, I know that a lot of countries do it the other way around, using a point to separate hundreds and a comma for decimals.

117

If you're asked to pay 5,321 in the UK,

118

that's £5,000, not £5 and some confusing pennies.

119

Okay, in our last sentence, we have another mistake.

120

Can you see it?

121

It's even used to flavour Bloody Mary's.

122

We need an apostrophe in its, I-T apostrophe S, to indicate a missing letter.

123

It is becomes it apostrophe S, its.

124

So many people make mistakes with this, including native speakers.

125

And you can understand why.

126

Look here.

127

Worcestershire sauce gets its umami flavour from the fermentation process.

128

there, its, I-T-S, is a possessive adjective like his, and we don't use an apostrophe.

129

It's, it is, very confusing.

130

And on that note, I think we're ready to end the video.

131

Don't forget to download the PDF that goes with this lesson.

132

The link is in the description box, or you can scan that QR code there.

133

You have a little bit of homework.

134

I would love for you to write in the comments about similar food stories or just accidental inventions in general.

135

Try to use some of the punctuation we've covered today.

136

I will see you in the next video.

137

Bye.

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FOR YOU

Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

В этом видео 137 предложений и 1456 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 10:38. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 137 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. Только 78% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 менее частых слов из видео с произношением и значением:

bracket /ˈbɹækɪt/ (существительное) — кронште́йн, подпо́рка. A fixture attached to a wall to hold up a shelf.
sharp /ʃɑɹp/ (прилагательное) — о́стрый. Terminating in a point or edge, especially one that can cut or pierce easily; not dull, obtuse, or rounded.
foul /faʊl/ (прилагательное) — га́дкий, гря́зный. Covered with, or containing unclean matter; dirty.
clause /klɔːz/ (существительное) — предложе́ние. A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each…
dough /doʊ/ (существительное) — те́сто. A thick, malleable substance made by mixing flour with other ingredients such as water, eggs, or butter, that is made into a particular form and then baked.
reader /ˈɹi.dɚ/ (существительное) — чита́тель, чита́тельница. A person who reads.
barrel /ˈbæɹəl/ (существительное) — бо́чка. A round (cylindrical) vessel, such as a cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends…
beloved /bɪˈlʌvd/ (прилагательное) — возлю́бленный, люби́мый. Much loved, dearly loved.
lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (существительное) — уро́к, ле́кция. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
thin /ˈθɪn/ (прилагательное) — то́нкий. Having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite.
sheet /ʃit/ (существительное) — лист, листо́к. A thin bed cloth used as a covering for a mattress or as a layer over the sleeper.
experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ (существительное) — экспериме́нт, о́пыт. A test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of…
indicate /ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/ (глагол) — ука́зывать, указа́ть. To point out; to discover; to direct to a knowledge of; to show; to make known.
delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/ (прилагательное) — вку́сный, ла́комый. Pleasing to the sense of taste; tasty.
overnight /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/ (наречие) — всю ночь, за́ ночь. During or throughout the night, especially during the evening or night just past.

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

go on /ˈɡoʊˌɒn/ (глагол) — продолжа́ть, продо́лжить. To continue in extent.
talk about (глагол) — ну и, вот э́то. Used to draw attention to the speaker's characterization of someone or something.

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 28 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, we're, you're. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «th»: thin /ˈθɪn/, parenthesis /pəˈɹɛn.θə.sɪs/
Звуки «sh» и «zh»: sharp /ʃɑɹp/, sheet /ʃit/, delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, acceptable /əkˈsɛp.tə.bəl/, controversial /ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/, apostrophe /əˈpɑs.tɹə.fi/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как bracket, sharp, foul.

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	was born · could be considered · are often called
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	have been changed · we've covered

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: Solve this 1 mistake → Solve 34% of English Errors - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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