ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: L121 Foundations Spelling Analysis
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It's time for spelling analysis and this is spelling analysis for Foundations D.
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Now you can either use the page from your Foundations D workbook for spelling analysis to write your words.
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A great option is to have the whole workbook.
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Then you have every page you need or you can print off this page
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if you have the paid course
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or the other way you could do this is you could use a whiteboard
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if you're using the logic of english whiteboard you could write the words here
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or you could write them on the back
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and be able to write all eight of them on the back side
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so to get started you will either need that page
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or a whiteboard or you could just use a piece of paper
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so here's what we're going to do go ahead and set down your pencils or your markers.
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At first, I need you just to listen, and then we're going to be segmenting words out loud, and then you'll be writing,
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and then you'll segment them for me, and I will write them.
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We'll get the rhythm down really fast.
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All right, these words in foundations D are more advanced than they were in foundations A, B, or C.
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You know all of the phonograms now
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and you know many of the spelling rules
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so we will be applying all of the phonograms
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and rules you've learned to be able to spell and read
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and understand even more words
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so our first word is mother my mother is reading a book mother go ahead
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and say mother mother now how many syllables in mother.
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Remember, we've learned that we can hum the words to count the syllables.
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Hmm.
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Hmm.
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There are two hums.
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So that means there are two syllables.
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Hmm.
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Hmm.
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Two, two syllables.
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All right.
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Now, do you hear a vowel that might be saying it's lazy sound or it's schwa sound or sounding like a mother.
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I do too.
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So when we segment words, I'm going to say something called say to spell.
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When I say that, I'm going to give you the syllable breaks and I'm going to pronounce Schwad bowels very carefully.
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So that's your cue.
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Say to spell is your cue.
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Listen carefully.
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All right.
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We will say to spell moth -er.
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Now, what will we say to spell?
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Repeat after me moth -er.
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Do you got it?
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One more time.
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What will we say to spell moth -er?
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Now let's segment each syllable.
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The first syllable is moth.
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Let's sound it out.
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M -O -V.
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The second syllable is er.
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Er.
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Use the er of her.
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Go ahead and write moth -er.
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And as you write it, leave a space between the syllables.
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We will use that to see spelling rules.
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So go ahead and do that.
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And as you write it, sound it out.
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Sound it out very loud so I can hear you if I was in the same room as you.
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Good.
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You're sounding it out.
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Excellent.
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Now, I want you to say out loud the syllables with me and to sound it out with me.
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Why?
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Because as you sound it out, it's going to help you learn and master these words and to understand the reason for the spelling.
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The great thing about logic of English is you'll understand why you're not just memorizing bedrock alright
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so the first syllable is moth mmm ah mmm the second syllable is er er how will we mark
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this well you're right we'll underline the v
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and what sound of mmm do we hear mother the second one you're right and we'll underline the er
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Now, do you see that O is saying it's lazy sound?
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Why is that?
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That's right.
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O may say uh next to a W, T -H, M, N, or V.
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And here it is next to an M and a T -H.
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So as we learned, the monks, when they were transcribing, sometimes they wrote the O as an uh,
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the uh sound as an O to keep all those straight lines from being next together
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so we will say to spell mother and
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that will help our ears have a way to remember it it's just another way to remember the spelling
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so m -a -v -r
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and we say mother excellent the next word is penguin the penguin is black
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and white penguin go ahead
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and say penguin how many syllables in penguin hmm two
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we will say to spell pen -guin what will we say
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to spell pen -guin the first syllable is pen let's sound it out
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The second syllable is Gwyn.
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Gwa.
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Do you see that?
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Gwa, I, N.
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Go ahead and write Pen -Gwyn.
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And remember, I held up two fingers because Gwa is spelled with two letters.
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Pen -Gwyn.
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Good job sounding it out as you're writing it.
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Now help me to write it.
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The first syllable is pen.
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P -e -n.
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The second syllable is guin.
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Gu -i -n.
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How will we mark this?
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You're right we'll underline the guh
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and what sound of guh guh is this it's the second
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so we'll put a two over it let's sound it out
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penguin the next word is opposite the opposite of dark is
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light opposite how many syllables in opposite hmm hmm hmm three
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that's right we will say to spell op po sit what
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will we say to spell op po sit all right the
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first level is op ah the second syllable is po oh the third syllable is sit it go ahead
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and write op po sit sound it out as you write it that way you'll get every phonogram good job.
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That's right.
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All right, now help me write it.
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The first syllable is op, ah, p.
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The second syllable is po, p, o.
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The third syllable is sit, s, i, t.
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You know what?
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I forgot to tell you something.
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You need a silent final e.
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Can you add a silent final e to yours?
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All right, let's go ahead and talk about this word.
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So we will put a line over the o, y.
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A, e, o, u usually say their long sounds at the end of the syllable.
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And then we have this silent final e and we'll double underline it
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because we double underline the silent final e to show that it's silent.
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But why is it there?
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Why is it in the word opposite?
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That's right.
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This is an unseen reason.
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Once again, there are nine reasons for a silent final E
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and every now and then there's words that we just don't know why it's there.
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It just is.
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There aren't that many, but this is one example.
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Let's go ahead and read this.
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Op -p -o -s -i -t.
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Opposite.
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The next word is wear.
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Where is my coat?
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Wear.
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Go ahead and say wear.
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Let's sound it out.
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W -E -R, silent final E.
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That's right, I remembered it this time.
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Go ahead and write where.
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Good, now help me to write it.
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W -E -R, silent final E.
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How will we mark it?
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Well, underline the W, and why do we have a silent final E in where?
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You're right.
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Once again, this is an unseen reason.
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And one of the reasons there's two of them here is
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we want you to learn these words by me teaching them to you.
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Many of the words where there's silent final E's, you'll already know why they're there.
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So we'll teach some of these trickier words explicitly to help you.
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Let's go ahead and read it.
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W -E -R. Where.
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Excellent.
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The next word is how.
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How do you know how to spell words?
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You break them up into phonograms, right?
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Let's go ahead and say the word how.
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How.
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Let's sound it out.
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H -ow.
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This is an ow -o.
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Got it?
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Go ahead and write it.
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Sound it out nice and loud as you do. That was a relief.
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It was a short one.
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Let's write it together.
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Ow.
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And how will we mark it?
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That's right.
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Well, underline the ow.
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What sound of ow -o?
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The first one.
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Let's read it.
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Ow.
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How.
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The next word is polar.
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The polar bears live up in the Arctic.
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Go ahead and say polar.
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How many syllables in polar?
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Two.
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We will say to spell polar.
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What will we say to spell? po lar you got
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it let's sound it out first little is po oh second syllable is lar all are go ahead
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and write po lar good job sounding it out now help me to write it.
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First syllable is po, p, o.
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Second syllable is lar, l, r.
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How will we mark it?
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We'll put a line over the o.
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Why did the o say it's long sounds?
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A, E, O, U usually say they're long sounds at the end of the syllable.
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And we'll underline the r.
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Now, did you notice
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when you say polar it doesn't sound like polar well are this phonogram also has a schwa sound
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and that sound is er so when it's in an unstressed syllable
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that may say er let's read it oh are polar
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very good the next word is morning good morning everyone go ahead and say morning
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How many syllables in morning?
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Two.
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We will say to spell morning.
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Ready?
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Morning.
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Very good.
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The first syllable is more.
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The second syllable is ning.
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Got it?
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Go ahead and write morning.
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Very, very good.
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Alright, help me to write it.
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The first syllable is more.
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M, or.
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The second syllable is ning.
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N, i, n.
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How will we mark it?
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We'll underline the or.
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And we'll underline the n.
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Let's read it.
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M, or, n, i, n.
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Morning.
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Outstanding.
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The last word is different.
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I have a different idea for us to think about.
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Different.
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Go ahead and say different.
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How many syllables in different?
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Hmm, hmm, hmm.
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That's right, three.
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We will say to spell diff -fer -ent.
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What will we say to spell?
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Diff -fer -ent.
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First syllable is diff, d -i -f.
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Second syllable is fur, ff, er.
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Use the er of her.
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Third syllable is ent.
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E, n, t.
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Go ahead and write diff, fur, ent.
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Very good.
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Now help me to write it.
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The first syllable is diff, d, i, ff.
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The second syllable is fur, ff, er.
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The third syllable is ent.
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E -N -T.
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And how will we mark it?
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You're right.
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We'll underline the er.
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Let's read this together.
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D -I -F -F -R -E -N -T.
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Different.
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Wow.
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Look at these words that you can read and that you can spell now.
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Isn't it neat how all the phonograms and rules start to come together?
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Combining the science of reading with the joy of learning.
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Learn more at foundations .logicofenglish .com
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “L121 Foundations Spelling Analysis” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: syllable, sound, word, write, ahead วิดีโอนี้มี 252 ประโยค และ 1826 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 14:06 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 129 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม มีเพียง 77% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| silent คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈsaɪ̯lənt/ | เงียบ, นิ่ง |
| penguin คำนาม | /ˈpɛŋ.ɡwɪn/ | เพนกวิน |
| lazy คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈleɪ̯zi(ː)/ | เกียจคร้าน, ขี้เกียจ |
| finger คำนาม | /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ | นิ้ว |
| ear คำนาม | /ˈɪə̯/ | หู |
| coat คำนาม | /ˈkoʊ̯t/ | เสื้อนอก, เสื้อโค้ท |
| rhythm คำนาม | /ˈɹɪð.əm/ | จังหวะ |
| pencil คำนาม | /ˈpɛnsəl/ | ดินสอ |
| monk คำนาม | /mʌŋk/ | พระ, นักพรต |
| bowel คำนาม | /ˈbaʊ.əl/ | ลำไส้ใหญ่ |
| syllable คำนาม | /ˈsɪl.ə.bəl/ | พยางค์, คำ |
| moth คำนาม | /mɔθ/ | ผีเสื้อกลางคืน |
| whiteboard คำนาม | /ˈwaɪtbɔɹd/ | ไวท์บอร์ด, กระดานขาว |
| memorize คำกริยา | /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/ | จดจำ |
| transcribe คำกริยา | /trænˈskɹaɪb/ | ทับศัพท์, ถ่ายเสียง |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- What will we say to spell moth -er?
- How will we mark this?
- Can you add a silent final e to yours?
- How will we mark it?
- How do you know how to spell words?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | you've learned · we've learned |
| ความเป็นไปได้ด้วย “might / may” might/may + กริยา — สิ่งที่เป็นไปได้แต่ไม่แน่นอน | might be · may say |
| อนาคตด้วย “will” will + กริยา — การตัดสินใจ คำสัญญา หรือการคาดการณ์ | will either · you'll be · you'll segment |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — สิ่งที่กำลังเกิดขึ้นตอนนี้หรือช่วงนี้ | is spelling · you're using · is reading |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 39 ครั้ง เช่น we'll, you're, you'll ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/, moth /mɔθ/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: spell /spɛl/, pencil /ˈpɛnsəl/, pronounce /pɹəˈnaʊns/, bowel /ˈbaʊ.əl/, syllable /ˈsɪl.ə.bəl/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: lazy /ˈleɪ̯zi(ː)/, memorize /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/
- พยัญชนะควบ — ออกเสียงให้ครบทุกตัว: spell /spɛl/, silent /ˈsaɪ̯lənt/, spelling /ˈspɛl.ɪŋ/, penguin /ˈpɛŋ.ɡwɪn/, segment /ˈsɛɡmɛnt/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง silent, penguin, lazy เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ