Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: The 15% Rule: How to Learn Faster | Andrew Huberman
Chọn chế độ luyện tập
Mỗi chế độ mở một phòng luyện tập toàn màn hình.
79 câu
Nếu các câu quá ngắn hoặc quá dài, hãy bấm Edit để chỉnh sửa.
1
One of the biggest lies in public education about neuroscience is that every experience changes your brain.
2
By the time I'm done saying this, your brain will be different.
3
No, that's absolutely not true.
4
That's a bunch of hooey.
5
I studied neuroplasticity.
6
I teach neuroplasticity.
7
I'll tell you, you know what induces neuroplasticity?
8
Being a baby who's trying to learn
9
or being an adult who's forcing yourself to try and learn and you can't do the thing.
10
The error is what stimulates the plasticity.
11
And the appropriate level of difficulty, say the computational modeling is somewhere around 15 % on average.
12
Now, what does that mean?
13
You need to do a bout of work of 90 minutes to two hours.
14
Like you got to strive and try and learn something.
15
Do something hard every day mentally.
16
This is critical for your ability to focus.
17
And by the way, you asked about phones.
18
Awesome study came out.
19
They had people with their phone off, upside down on the table or in their bag,
20
underneath their chair or in the opposite room, a separate room.
21
And what they found is people can focus just fine in all three conditions.
22
But if the phone is anywhere in the room, the amount of cognitive flexibility they have with the material they're focusing on is diminished.
23
In other words, it requires more energy to focus, even if they're not getting calls and notifications.
24
There's a subscript running in the brain, apparently, that's anticipating that this thing is going to reach for me.
25
It's going to call me.
26
So it's calling you even if it's not calling you, which is pretty cool.
27
And so the way to increase focus and cognitive capacity is actually to just get the phone out of the room.
28
That's a big part of it.
29
Do some effortful learning bout, and it should feel like a fight.
30
Keep in mind the friction you feel trying to learn something, that's adrenaline.
31
Remember, how do we block learning?
32
We block adrenaline, and it's downstream effects with propranolol.
33
Being alert but calm or a little stressed and making errors through deliberate attempts to do something, not just throwaway errors.
34
That's how you learn.
35
Why?
36
If I can reach out and grab this pen, my brain doesn't change.
37
There's two kinds of practice.
38
One is practicing doing things I already know how to do.
39
There, you're aiming for 100 % performance, right?
40
You're reinforcing what you already know how to do.
41
Talk to a great dancer and they'll tell you they drill, drill, drill, drill the things they already know how to do.
42
But when you're trying to learn the new language, the new emotional skill, the new physical skill, the new cognitive emotional skill.
43
You need to make genuine attempts and you need to fail some of the time.
44
And those failure signals are relayed to your cerebellum and your cerebellum propagates through networks that say change.
45
So there's a set of conditions in the chapter on plasticity that say you need to be alert.
46
So I talk about all the ways you can get alert, including pharmacology supplements and behavioral tools.
47
Then you need to be focused.
48
I talk about all the tools for focus, which you can devote to anything, not just learning.
49
And then I talk about the conditions for plasticity.
50
And you need to get this friction and these errors.
51
And then you need to stop.
52
You need to come back a day or two later, do it again.
53
And then you need to make sure that you reinforce what you learned.
54
Here's where AI is going to be a wonderful tool, already is a wonderful tool.
55
The best way to learn is to not forget.
56
Meaning if you test yourself mentally, or you could use any one of the LLMs, but I'll go into chat GPT and I'll just say,
57
generate a short test of a graduate student at Stanford level, questions about neuroplasticity.
58
And I go, oh, and I remember this, there's this one thing I don't remember.
59
That's how you maintain and build knowledge over time.
60
Self -testing, self -testing.
61
People hear the word test, they think of external tester.
62
You're the test taker, self -testing.
63
That's a really interesting idea for this podcast episode, which we should definitely run.
64
Should we generate a quiz?
65
Yeah.
66
So we can take the transcript and we can turn it into a test.
67
Cool.
68
Yeah.
69
ChatGPT is great at doing this.
70
You can change the difficulty and you can actually say, I'm a professor of neuroscience and I want a 15 % error rate on average.
71
The study I love that really backs this up is
72
that there've been a lot of studies of learning where they have students read the same passage one, two, three, or four times.
73
And then they also have them highlight or take notes, or they just have them read it once and self -test.
74
And they look six months and two years later.
75
Reading it once, no notes, no highlighting and self -testing, you know, about a week later and looking up what you got,
76
couldn't remember or got wrong led to much more stable learning over time.
77
Awesome.
78
Now this doesn't work so well for physical endeavors because there you have to like actually do the physical thing.
79
You have to test yourself physically, but I love that set of experiments because it tells us everything we should be doing.
Tải Ứng Dụng
Mọi thứ bạn cần để nói trôi chảy
Chấm điểm AIChấm từng câu nói
Luyện IPAThành thạo mọi âm
Từ vựngMở rộng vốn từ
Game Từ vựngHọc qua chơi
Cùng kênh
C14
Andrew Huberman on God, Prayer & Finding Peace at 50
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B2229
How to Improve Your Eyesight Naturally | Dr. Andrew Huberman
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B210
Why Some Practice Sessions Should Feel Terrible | Dr. Andrew Huberman & Dr. Tommy Wood
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B29
Eat Like This to Lose Fat | Dr. Andrew Huberman & Alan Aragon
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B212
How to study effectively | Dr. Cal Newport & Dr Andrew Huberman
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
Your Phone Is Training Your Brain to Lose Focus | Dr. Andrew Huberman & Joe Rogan
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B27
How to Stop Mindless Phone Scrolling | Dr. Andrew Huberman
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B2How to Stop Worrying About What You Can’t Control | Andrew Huberman & Raj Shamani
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Believe In God | Dr. Andrew Huberman & Dr. Jordan Peterson
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1Why Doing Hard Things in the Morning Makes Life Easier | Andrew Huberman & Joe Rogan
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Video gợi ý
C12
227 câu
How to Lock In and Actually Get Things Done | Andrew Huberman
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
235 câu
Your brain wasn't built to hold this much information | Richard Cytowic
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
227 câu
Stop Rehearsing The Life You Don’t Want | Dr Joe Dispenza Motivation
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
107 câu
How to Quickly Improve Focus - Andrew Huberman
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
232 câu
How to Train Your Brain to Enjoy Hard Work | Andrew Huberman
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2211
12 câu
How To Learn Faster Than 99% of People
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C13
178 câu
Neuroscientist: How To Change Your Brain (Andrew Huberman)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
274 câu
A 4-Step System to Process Information with Extreme Clarity
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
156 câu
The Psychology of Fast Learners: Why You’re Actually Learning Wrong
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B213
49 câu
Doing These 5 Things Every Day Will Rewire Your Brain
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C111
208 câu
Why You Need to Read Hard Books
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
212 câu
Why Do Humans Have to Pretend to Sleep to Fall Asleep?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói này dựa trên video “The 15% Rule: How to Learn Faster”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: learn, test, error, learning, focus. Video này có 79 câu và 909 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 4:40. Người nói nói nhanh, khoảng 195 từ mỗi phút, nên sẽ có nhiều chỗ nối âm và nuốt âm. 85% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
14 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| drill danh từ | /dɹɪl/ | máy khoan |
| generate động từ | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/ | sinh ra, gây ra |
| friction danh từ | /ˈfɹɪkʃən/ | ma sát |
| adrenaline danh từ | /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/ | adrenalin |
| stable danh từ | /ˈsteɪ.bəl/ | chuồng, chuồng ngựa |
| experiment danh từ | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | thí nghiệm |
| supplement danh từ | /ˈsʌp.lɪ.mənt/ | phụ trương |
| dancer danh từ | /ˈdænsəɹ/ | người nhảy, người múa |
| quiz danh từ | /kwɪz/ | đố vui |
| strive động từ | /ˈstɹaɪv/ | cố gắng |
| neuroplasticity danh từ | tính dẻo thần kinh | |
| cerebellum danh từ | /ˌsɛrəˈbɛləm/ | tiểu não |
| neuroscience danh từ | khoa học thần kinh | |
| pharmacology danh từ | /ˌfɑɹməˈkɒləd͡ʒi/ | dược lý học, dược học |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| come back động từ | trở lại, trở về | |
| look up động từ | /ˌlʊk ˈʌp/ | ngước |
Những câu đáng luyện lại
Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:
- I'll tell you, you know what induces neuroplasticity?
- It's going to call me.
- Remember, how do we block learning?
- We block adrenaline, and it's downstream effects with propranolol.
- Should we generate a quiz?
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 18 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ you're, I'll, doesn't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: friction /ˈfɹɪkʃən/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, computational /ˌkɑmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl/, diminish /dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/, adrenaline /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, flexibility /ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/, supplement /ˈsʌp.lɪ.mənt/, transcript /ˈtɹæn.skɹɪpt/, subscript /ˈsʌbskɹɪpt/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: generate /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/, genuine /ˈd͡ʒɛn.juˌɪn/, passage /ˈpæsɪd͡ʒ/, pharmacology /ˌfɑɹməˈkɒləd͡ʒi/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: passage /ˈpæsɪd͡ʒ/, podcast /ˈpɑdˌkæst/, dancer /ˈdænsəɹ/, anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, transcript /ˈtɹæn.skɹɪpt/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như drill, generate, friction.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.