跟讀練習: FIDIC Yellow Book 2017 Explained #construction #civilengineering #quantitysurveyor - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Hello guys, welcome to our YouTube channel.

In this video I'm gonna discuss about Fidic Yellow Book 2nd edition, which was published in 2017.

I hope you all know that this book consists of conditions of contract for plant and design build projects.

As a construction professional, it is really important to have a sound understanding on Fidic clauses.

When you say conditions, there are two types of conditions.

General conditions, and particular conditions.

First we'll discuss about general conditions.

Fidic Yellow Book 2017 consists of 21 clauses.

So I'm hoping to explain everything in this document in a series of videos.

So, make sure you subscribe to this channel

and hit the bell icon then you can join with me in the future videos as well.

Now let's start today's video with, clause number 1, general provisions.

This clause consists of 16 sub-clauses.

Let's discuss one by one.

Sub-clause 1.1, Definitions.

When you're referring to FIDIC documents, you must be very familiar with these defined words.

And be mindful that you must use these defined words in your documentation and correspondence, exactly the same way as they are written in this book.

For example, when you write accepted contract amount, it should be like this, and not like this.

Works should be like this, not like this.

This is really really important.

Ok, now let's go through these definitions.

There are 90 definitions altogether, so I'm not gonna describe one by one, and I will skip the straightforward ones.

I think it's better to start off with base date, since we will be discussing on advance payment certificate and guarantee under clause 14.

So, base date is the date 28 days prior to tender submission date.

But, there's a special word, latest, latest date of submission, which means if the tender submission date extended, then the base date automatically changes accordingly.

This base date is vital because the contractor shall do the pricing by considering the information, regulations and conditions prevailing at the base date.

Also, the rate analysis for the project is prepared with the cost data available at the time of base date.

So, the base date is generally used as a mechanism for the allocation of risk between employer

and contractor for changes that might occur during the period between the contractor pricing the tender and the signing of the contract.

So in general a base date is a reference date from which changes in conditions can be assessed.

To explain a little bit further, I'll link this to another definition, unforeseeable.

It says unforeseeable means not reasonably foreseeable by an experienced contractor by the base date.

So this base date is clearly connected with risks.

Okay, so now we'll move on to next definition, claim.

This is a very popular term I guess in the construction industry.

A claim can be defined as a request or an assertion, which means a confident statement with evidence from either party of the contract to the other for an entitlement

which of course is for an additional payment or an extension of time

if you are the contractor and if you are the employer a cost reduction may be.

Not only that, you can submit a claim for a relief as well.

I think this could be a relief from a delay damages or some kind of a penalty.

So, you can initiate a claim under various circumstances as described in this document, we will discuss about those under the relevant clauses.

For now, I want you to have a quick look at clause 20.2.4, fully detailed claim.

So you should be certain that you have fulfilled all these four requirements when you are submitting a claim.

Then I'm going to talk about compliance verification system.

However, under definitions, you cannot get a clear idea about it.

Therefore, I'll take you to sub-clause 4.9.2.

Basically this system is implemented to ensure that the contractor is maintaining the required quality during the construction, as well as all the functional requirements are fulfilled.

So if we go through the clause, it says, the contractor shall prepare and implement a compliance verification system to demonstrate that the design,

materials, employer-supplied materials, plant, work and workmanship comply in all respects with the contract.

Further, this system should be prepared referring to employers' requirements, specifications, and regulations.

So the contractor shall mention in this system how he's going to report the results of all inspections and tests carried out.

You must have heard the term, NCR, non-compliances report which are issued when the contractor fails to comply with the expected quality.

Also, in the event that any inspection or test identifies a non-compliance with the contract, sub-clause 7.5, defects and rejection shall apply.

So next, we'll talk about the definition, contract.

When you consider a construction contract, it doesn't mean only the contract agreement, there are a lot more to follow as shown here, letter of acceptance, letter of tender and addendums,

these conditions which means conditions of contract, employer's requirement, contractor's design and price proposals,

specifications, JV undertaking if it's applicable and other documents mentioned in contract agreement or LOA.

So, a construction contract is a very vast area.

Okay now let's talk about contract data.

Contract data is part A of particular conditions.

So it is actually some kind of link between general and particular conditions.

When you go through general conditions clauses, you will find a number of places, as stated in the contract data.

Which means certain sub clauses in the general conditions require that specific information.

So, you can find all the specific information relevant to the project under contract data, such as, employer's details, time for completion,

advance payment percentage, retention amount percentage, and so on.

Remember that contract data do not make any changes to the general conditions mentioned in FITIC.

If you want to change any of the sub clauses in general conditions, you shall do it using Particular Conditions Part B, Special Provisions.

We'll talk about those separately.

Next I'm gonna talk about, Contractors' Documents, which means the documents prepared by the contractor as described in Sub-Clause 5.2,

including calculations, digital files, computer programs and other software,

drawings, manuals, models, specifications, and other documents of a technical nature, and if we go to sub-clause 5.2,

it says contractors' documents shall comprise, as specified in the employer's requirements, required to satisfy all permits,

permissions, licenses and other regulatory approvals, which are the contractor's responsibility under sub-clause 1.13 compliance with laws,

and as described in sub-clause 5.6, as built records, and sub-clause 5.7, Operation and Maintenance Manuals.

So I want to show you something, in this document, most of the sub-clauses are connected to one or more sub-clauses.

So you need to be thorough with all these conditions when you are working with contract-related matters.

Then I will quickly talk about, Contractor's Equipment.

Make sure you always use the correct term equipment, not equipments.

Contractor's Equipment means all apparatus, equipment, machinery, construction plant, vehicles and other items required by the contractor for the execution of the works.

Here I want to highlight the words, execution, and works.

Works, clause number 1.1.89 means, permanent works and temporary works.

So equipment are used for the execution of temporary and permanent works.

But, anything that forms a part of permanent works, or anything that can be identified under temporary works, is not an equipment.

Equipment are only used for execution of works.

For example, if you have to supply a crane under the contract which you hand over to the client, then it's not a contractor's equipment.

Okay then we'll talk about, Contractor's Personnel.

Contractor's Personnel means the contractor's representative, who is the authorized person to be act on contractor's behalf,

and all personnel whom the contractor utilizes on site or other places, such as a fabrication yard, where the works are being carried out,

including the staff, labor and other employees of the contractor, and of each subcontractor, and any other personnel assisting the contractor in the execution of the works.

So, contractor's personnel includes all the subcontractor's personnel as well.

Then I will talk about, cost.

Cost means all expenditure including taxes, overheads, and similar charges excluding profit, reasonably incurred by the contractor in performing the contract.

So any expenditure before entering the contract cannot be taken as a cost.

So we talked about few definitions up to now.

I don't want to make this video too long since it might be boring

and I wanted to give a brief about this book from this video.

We'll talk about the remaining definitions and other clauses in the upcoming videos.

I would like to request all of you who are new

to the construction industry to have a look at Fidic Yellow Book because it will be very helpful to you.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節 C1 級別的口語課以影片“FIDIC Yellow Book 2017 Explained”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：clause, contract, conditions, contractor, date。這段影片共有 99 個句子、1470 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 8:52。說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 166 個詞，接近日常對話。 82% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
clause 名詞	/klɔːz/	分句
tender 形容詞	/ˈtɛn.dɚ/	溫柔 /溫柔
specification 名詞		規格 /規格, 規範 /規範
consist 名詞	/kənˈsɪst/	編組 /編組
unforeseeable 形容詞		無法預見的 /無法預見的, 不可預見的 /不可預見的
litter 名詞	/ˈlɪt.ɚ/	墊料
expenditure 名詞	/ɛkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃə/	花費 /花費
fulfill 動詞	/fʊlˈfɪl/	履行
reasonably 副詞	/ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/	合理的
comply 動詞	/kəmˈplaɪ/	遵守, 順應 /順應
addendum 名詞	/əˈdɛn.dəm/	附件
authorize 動詞	/ˈɔθəɹaɪz/	授權 /授權
foreseeable 形容詞	/fɔɹˈsi.ə.bəl/	可預知的 /可預知的, 可預見的 /可預見的
subcontractor 名詞		分包商
assertion 名詞	/əˈsɜɹʃən/	斷言 /斷言, 主張 /主張

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	發音	釋義
go through 動詞		通過 /通過
carry out 動詞	/ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/	進行 /進行

值得反覆跟讀的句子

影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：

First we'll discuss about general conditions.
Let's discuss one by one.
Then I'm going to talk about compliance verification system.
We'll talk about those separately.

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	was published · are written · can be assessed
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	edition, which was · submission, which means · assertion, which means

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 19 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 we'll, I'm, gonna。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“th” 音: authorize /ˈɔθəɹaɪz/, thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
“sh” 和 “zh” 音: submission /səbˈmɪʃən/, verification /ˌvɛ.ɹə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, fabrication /fæbɹɪˈkeɪʃən/, workmanship /ˈwɜːk.mən.ʃɪp/, assertion /əˈsɜɹʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: verification /ˌvɛ.ɹə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, expenditure /ɛkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃə/, reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, fabrication /fæbɹɪˈkeɪʃən/, foreseeable /fɔɹˈsi.ə.bəl/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: verification /ˌvɛ.ɹə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, prevail /pɹɪˈveɪl/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: clause /klɔːz/, consist /kənˈsɪst/, authorize /ˈɔθəɹaɪz/, workmanship /ˈwɜːk.mən.ʃɪp/, entitlement /ənˈtaɪtəlmənt/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: reasonably /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/, foreseeable /fɔɹˈsi.ə.bəl/, prevail /pɹɪˈveɪl/, accordingly /əˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/, separately /ˈsɛp.ɹət.li/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 clause, tender, specification 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: FIDIC Yellow Book 2017 Explained #construction #civilengineering #quantitysurveyor - 通過影片學習英語口語

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