跟讀練習: How do chameleons change color? | But Why Bites - 通過影片學習英語口語
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15 句
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How do chameleons change color?
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You've probably heard that chameleons change color to blend into their background and hide.
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But new research shows they're more often adjusting appearance in order to regulate their body temperature or to communicate.
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Chameleons can't just match the pattern of any environment they find themselves in.
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And to be honest, they usually don't have to.
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They're already pretty well camouflaged.
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They can get a little lighter or darker, though, to better match their surroundings.
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And since lizards are ectothermic, meaning they can't regulate their own body temperature,
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they sometimes change their hue to help them absorb more or less sunlight.
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But their most dramatic color changes are saved for communication, to attract a mate or defend their territory.
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To make bold colors, chameleons have special nano -crystals in their skin
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that they can move closer together or farther apart by tensing and relaxing.
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Changing the positions of those crystals allows them to reflect different wavelengths of light, making them appear different colors.
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Wish I could do that!
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To find out more about But Why and listen to our full episodes, go to butwhykids .org.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 A2 級別的口語課以影片“How do chameleons change color?”為素材。 這段影片共有 15 個句子、189 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 1:15。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 151 個詞，接近日常對話。 80% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| crystal 名詞 | /ˈkɹɪstəl/ | 結晶 /結晶 |
| regulate 動詞 | /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.leɪt/ | 調節 /調節 |
| defend 動詞 | /dɪˈfɪnd/ | 保衛 /保衛, 守衛 /守衛 |
| dramatic 形容詞 | /dɹəˈmætɪk/ | 戲劇的 /戲劇的 |
| reflect 動詞 | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | 反映, 反射 |
| relax 動詞 | /ɹɪˈlæks/ | 鬆開 /鬆開, 放鬆 /放鬆 |
| bold 形容詞 | /ˈbəʊld/ | 膽大 /膽大, 勇敢 |
| attract 動詞 | /əˈtɹækt/ | 吸引 |
| adjust 動詞 | /əˈd͡ʒʌst/ | 調整 /調整 |
| tense 名詞 | /tɛns/ | 時態 /時態, 時制 /時制 |
| sunlight 名詞 | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | 陽光 /陽光, 日光 |
| absorb 動詞 | /æbˈsɔɹb/ | 吸收 |
| surroundings 名詞 | /səˈɹaʊndɪŋz/ | 周圍 /周圍 |
| lizard 名詞 | /ˈlɪzɚd/ | 蜥蜴 |
| chameleon 名詞 | /kəˈmi.li.ən/ | 變色龍 /變色龍, 變色蜥蜴 /變色蜥蜴 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| find out 動詞 | 找出, 查明 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | You've probably heard |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | are saved |
| 最高階 the -est / the most … — 一組中最高或最低的 | their most dramatic |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 6 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 can't, they're, don't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, chameleon /kəˈmi.li.ən/, nanotechnology /ˌnænoʊtɛkˈnɑləd͡ʒi/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: regulate /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.leɪt/, defend /dɪˈfɪnd/, dramatic /dɹəˈmætɪk/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: crystal /ˈkɹɪstəl/, regulate /ˈɹɛɡ.jə.leɪt/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: dramatic /dɹəˈmætɪk/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, attract /əˈtɹækt/, absorb /æbˈsɔɹb/, camouflage /ˈkæ.məˌflɑːʒ/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 crystal, regulate, defend 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。