跟讀練習: What is Public Health?? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Hello and welcome to this video where we're going to talk about public health.

Public health has made a significant impact on the health of populations, making people healthy and saving lives.

For example, in the United States, between 1900 to 1999, people's life expectancy has increased by over 30 years.

Did you know that 25 of these extra years gained are due to public health interventions?

So in this video, we're going to take a look at what public health is, how it's different to clinical medicine, who's responsible for doing it, and how it's done.

First of all, let's have a look at what health is.

The World Health Organization defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well -being,

rather than a mere absence of disease or infirmity.

This is a pretty bold and ambitious definition

that prompts people to look beyond diseases and focus not only on the physical aspect of health, but also on the mental and social aspects as well.

and public health well public health is the science

and art of preventing disease prolonging life

and promoting health through the organized efforts of society okay

so how is it different to clinical medicine let's take a

look at an example let's say someone has an accident

and has a broken leg a clinician's main focus is the

immediate health problem fixing the fractured leg clinicians focus on the individual the public health approach would be holistic

and would focus on figuring out how and why this person had an accident so

that actions can be taken to prevent it from happening again

for example why did he have the accident was there a

problem with his vision was it poor knowledge of driving skills

or bad attitudes towards driving was he under the influence of alcohol

or drugs when he was driving are there laws against this

and resources to enforce it what are the community expectations

or attitudes towards driving does he have a good social support network

that will help in his recovery

or prevent this from happening again was the road he was driving on safe was he driving a safe car

that was well maintained if not why not could he not afford it

if not why could he not afford it does he have a job

that doesn't pay well why is that is it

because he did not have access to good education was there good access to health services

which would determine his treatment and recovery?

As you can see from this example, health is determined by a complex interaction between many different factors or determinants of health.

These include individual characteristics, lifestyle and behaviors, and also the physical, social and economic environments, the social determinants of health.

In order to make a difference in health, there's action needed across all the different determinants.

Public health focuses on these upstream factors to make changes that can benefit the health of the population as a whole.

This seems like a very broad and complex task, doesn't it?

So, who's responsible for public health?

Ultimately, the responsibility of creating a healthy community rests with all sectors of society.

Health departments do have a central role in public health.

However, improving the health of a population requires the coordinated efforts of a broad range of stakeholders.

This includes other areas of government, the private sector, non -governmental organizations, international organizations, and communities, to name a few.

All united with a shared goal of improving the health of the public.

Now let's have a look at how public health works.

The World Federation of Public Health Associations has developed a useful framework to understand how public health is delivered.

There are three core service areas of public health

and a group of enablers that ensure that these services can occur effectively and efficiently.

The three core areas of public health are protection, promotion and prevention.

Protection is about protecting the health of the population.

This includes the control of infectious diseases, managing environmental hazards, ensuring a healthy workplace, and managing health emergencies.

Promotion is about improving the health of the population.

It covers a broad range of activities that not only focuses on the individual, like promoting health behaviours over a life course, it also focuses on improving the social determinants of health.

Prevention is about preventing health issues before they occur.

It includes activities such as vaccination and screening.

to enable these core areas to function there needs to be good governance advocacy to influence

and obtain support and commitment for actions

that support a health goal capacity having an adequate well -trained

and supported public health workforce

and having accurate timely information to support health actions such as relevant research surveillance monitoring and evaluation

so that's a quick introduction to the fascinating field of public

health we've had a look at what it is how it's different to clinical medicine who's responsible for doing it, and how it's done.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這段影片共有 61 個句子、830 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 5:20。說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 156 個詞，接近日常對話。 86% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
occur 動詞	/əˈkɜː/	發生 /發生
aspect 名詞	/ˈæspɛkt/	方面
promotion 名詞	/pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/	提升, 升官
prevention 名詞	/pɹɪˈvɛnʃən/	預防 /預防
commitment 名詞	/kəˈmɪtmənt/	承諾 /承諾
skill 名詞	/skɪl/	技巧, 技能
obtain 動詞	/əbˈteɪn/	獲得 /獲得
resource 名詞	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	資源 /資源
monitor 名詞	/ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/	顯示器 /顯示器
absence 名詞	/ˈæb.s(ə)n̩s/	缺席, 不在
define 動詞	/dɪˈfaɪn/	界定
framework 名詞	/ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/	骨架, 框架
interaction 名詞	/ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/	相互作用
lifestyle 名詞	/ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/	生活方式, 生態 /生態
bold 形容詞	/ˈbəʊld/	膽大 /膽大, 勇敢

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
figure out 動詞	弄清楚

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has made · has increased · has developed
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	can be taken · is delivered

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 5 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 doesn't, we're, we've。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: promotion /pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/, prevention /pɹɪˈvɛnʃən/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/
長單詞——注意重音位置: interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 occur, aspect, promotion 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: What is Public Health?? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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