跟讀練習: What is the 8D report? (problem solving tools) - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Hi, my name is Florian from Quality Guru where I answer your questions and share knowledge quality management
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Today I would like to talk about the AD Report.
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The 8D problem solving methodology is a very common approach in many industries.
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And many people like it because it's straightforward, logical and very transparent.
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That makes it so powerful in the internal and external communication, either with your own teams or with your customer. If you.
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send out some defect parts and you got a complaint to your company.
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8D stands for the eight disciplines and basically refers to an eight -step process.
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which you have to go through in order to analyze your problem, take corrective action, verify them, and then hopefully close the problem.
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Stop it forever.
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So let me take you quickly through the eight steps and let's see.
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what it looks like.
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First of all is, the team identify the team that means who is working on this problem
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You should never work alone on a problem solving.
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Their philosophy is basically that you get many people together from different areas who have a different perspective on the problem.
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So if you're for example in a manufacturing company, there should be somebody from quality, from production, maybe from logistic, from engineering, so that different people from different perspectives.
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can look at the problem and help you to make a better root cause analysis and identify better corrective actions, because if you have
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A deeper root cause analysis and better corrective actions will help you to be so much more efficient in stopping this.
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problem as soon as possible.
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Step number two is: Identifying the problem.
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And here we need to be as specific as possible.
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That means we should say, what was the problem, where did it happen, how did it happen, maybe you have photos, Maybe you have specific times.
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Maybe you have Everything what you have basically regarding the problem should be as specific as possible
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so that later you don't
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confuse it with other problems which happen maybe or other issues which happen the same Really be as specific as possible,
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gather all the data regarding this particular event what you have to really nail it down as good as possible.
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Then step number three is you want to contain the problem.
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So now, for example, if you find a problem in a production process for example.
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Unless you solve it completely, you still have the risk that you are continuously producing this kind of defect or problem into your products.
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So you cannot be sure that what you send out and what you are selling at the moment
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is safe for your customer.
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and it's a potential risk for them, but also for you, because you will get the customer dissatisfaction.
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and you will probably get then problems.
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with regards to complaints and then also financial impacts.
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So you want to stop as soon as possible.
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How can you contain a problem in the manufacturing process?
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You can, for example, put a filter on your production line.
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It means you could sort the parts with a visual inspection if it's possible or with a test
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100 % and let them go through this filter so that you can filter out with the right method.
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all the problematic parts with the information you already have.
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Once you protect it, the customer and the market and yourself you can go to step number four, which is the root cause analysis.
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And here you should try to identify with the team what is the root cause of the problem.
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And here you should use something like problem -solving tools, for example, a 5Y diagram,
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a fishbone diagram, and many other problem -saving tools can be used here.
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But, You should document it.
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in a way and try to identify all the possible root causes and not stop at the first one.
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The more root causes we can identify, possible root causes, We can then later verify or that we can correct and stop all of these root causes
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but at the moment we don't know which one is the true one.
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So we want to be very creative and we want to allow the team to issue
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all the ideas at this moment in order to have a very complete root cause analysis
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and have all the ideas and possibilities on the table.
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So, once you have identified maybe one or several possible root causes, Then we need to take Step number five,
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which is Take corrective actions.
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So we want to correct the problem.
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And we need to define now some measures to do this.
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So we have our identified root causes and we can put for every one of the root causes one or several
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corrective actions.
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That means actions which help us to stop the root cause.
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Once we have this, we go to step number six and then over time we will validate now
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that the actions we have defined here in step number five are really solving the problem.
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How can we know this? we can see if more problems are coming.
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And by this, we can see if the actions are effective and if they are affected, effective, then we can check also this box,
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step number six and say,
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okay, now I know all the actions are effective and I don't have a risk for this problem anymore.
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Once I do this, the problem is under control.
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Now I want to go to step number seven, which is "How can I prevent that in the future,
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this problem will not happen again?" And here I should do some lessons learned and look into my quality management system
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For example, into my FMEA, as a tool and see if I have this problem identified in my processes.
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If I have it identified, I need to review if my risk assessment for this problem is adequate.
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And if I have not identified it, I need also to update my FMEA
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and then by this also take it over into my control plan and with the control plan then
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bring it down into the shop floor with the identified new controls.
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So I need to define new inspections or controls if adequate
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in order to avoid that this problem goes undetected in the future.
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And last but not least, once I have finished my step number seven, I can go to step number eight,
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which is congratulate the team everybody who has contributed say thank you This is good for the team building,
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it motivates and it helps the team to get confident that you can work together and solve any problem in the organization.
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Let me know your experience.
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Have you ever tried working with an AD report?
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What is your experience?
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Is it easy?
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Is it difficult?
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Do you have any questions?
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Post them right in the comments.
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and looking forward to reading about it and see you in the next video.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 84 個句子、1171 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 7:25。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 158 個詞，接近日常對話。 90% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| solve 動詞 | /sɒlv/ | 解決 /解決 |
| define 動詞 | /dɪˈfaɪn/ | 界定 |
| filter 名詞 | /ˈfɪltɚ/ | 過濾器 /過濾器, 濾過器 /濾過器 |
| complaint 名詞 | /kəmˈpleɪnt/ | 怨言, 抱怨 |
| inspection 名詞 | /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/ | 檢查 /檢查 |
| adequate 形容詞 | /ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/ | 適當 /適當, 足夠 /足夠 |
| verify 動詞 | /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/ | 校驗 /校驗, 驗證 /驗證 |
| diagram 名詞 | /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/ | 圖 /圖, 圖表 /圖表 |
| defect 名詞 | /ˈdiːfɛkt/ | 缺點 /缺點, 問題 /問題 |
| lesson 名詞 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 課業 /課業, -課 /-課 |
| assessment 名詞 | /əˈsɛsmənt/ | 評價 /評價, 評估 /評估 |
| refer 動詞 | /ɹɪˈfɜː/ | 談到 /談到 |
| efficient 形容詞 | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | 高效率 |
| contribute 動詞 | /kənˈtɹɪb.jut/ | 貢獻 /貢獻 |
| discipline 名詞 | /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ | 紀律 /紀律 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| go through 動詞 | 通過 /通過 |
| look forward to 動詞 | 期待, 嚮往 |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 4 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, you're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: gather /ˈɡæðɚ/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: inspection /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, dissatisfaction /dɪsˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: continuously /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/, problematic /ˌpɹɑ.bləˈmæt.ɪk/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, congratulate /kənˈɡɹæd͡ʒ.ʊˌleɪt/, dissatisfaction /dɪsˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 solve, define, filter 這類單詞。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | have identified · have defined · have not identified |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | four, which is · seven, which is |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。