跟讀練習: What is the Capability Approach to development? - 通過影片學習英語口語

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I think there was a Nobel,

there is a Nobel laureate, Amartya Sen, who in 1979 observed that when we think about equality,

we're always trying to measure equality in some space.

And And all of the disagreements are about what space we measured in, whether it's in resources, whether it's in liberty or something else.

And theories of justice would disagree about the space in which we should assess equality.

And he proposed that we consider it in a space of capabilities, which is people's freedom, their real freedom,

not a paper freedom, but their real freedom to pursue and achieve activities and states of life that they deeply value,

and also that they have reason to value, that are valuable from a wider perspective.

And so that's a mouthful, it's a lot of phrases, it's a lot of ideas,

but he developed those ideas very powerfully both in philosophy and in economics. And so

that has been a way of widening the focus of economic thinking away from just looking at people's preferences

or utility to really looking at their activities and their states of being,

and also doing so while leaving respect for them, freedom, so that they can act as agents, so that they can create in an ongoing way,

and you're not putting them in a box and trying to simply give them basic needs, as in a prison.

So that idea which I had read when I was still studying theology in a reading group, continued to inspire me.

It was the basis of my doctoral work and it's been a continual theme since then.

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本節課你將練習什麼？

通過觀看這段關於“能力方法”的影片，你不僅能瞭解諾貝爾 laureate 阿瑪蒂亞·森的重要理論，還能練習如何聽懂並模仿學術討論中的英語表達。課程聚焦於看YouTube學英語的實用技巧，幫你在理解複雜概念的同時，提升口語流暢度和發音準確性。

核心詞彙與短語

Nobel laureate：諾貝爾獎得主
capabilities：能力（此處指“可行能力”）
real freedom：真實自由（區別於紙面自由）
states of life：生活狀態
agents：能動者（指有自主行動能力的人）

影子跟讀法（Shadowing）練習技巧

這段影片的語速適中，語氣嚴謹且富有思考性，非常適合練習shadow speak。建議先完整聽一遍，抓住整體邏輯；再逐句暫停，模仿每個單詞的發音和語調，尤其注意“capabilities”“liberty”等長單詞的重音。練習時，試著用胸腔發聲，讓語氣更接近演講者的沉穩感。每天堅持10分鐘，你會發現提高英語發音其實很簡單！記住，shadowspeak的關鍵是“同步”——耳朵聽、嘴巴說、腦子記，三位一體，進步更快。

別擔心一開始跟不上，慢慢來，重點是感受英語的節奏和韻律。相信你很快就能流暢跟讀，甚至能複述影片中的核心觀點。現在就開啟影片，開始你的影子跟讀法練習吧！

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has been · it's been
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	capabilities, which is

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: What is the Capability Approach to development? - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

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