跟读练习: How Antidepressants Work - 通过视频学习英语口语
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12 句
如果句子过短或过长，请点击 Edit 进行调整。
1
How do antidepressants really work?
抗抑郁药究竟是如何起作用的？
2
We're simplifying a lot, but depression messes with chemical signals across the whole brain, including weakening your serotonin receptors.
我们这里做了很多简化，但抑郁症会干扰整个大脑的化学信号传递，包括削弱血清素受体的功能。
3
The signals that give you negative emotions become easier to process, while signals tied to positive emotions go quiet.
引发负面情绪的信号会变得更容易被处理，而与正面情绪相关的信号则会变得沉寂。
4
This affects at least 5 % of people worldwide and can have many different causes, from trauma and illness, to genetics and chronic stress.
这一问题至少影响全球5%的人口，其成因多种多样，包括创伤、疾病、遗传以及长期压力。
5
Once you take antidepressants like SSRIs, they block the proteins that normally clean up serotonin.
一旦你服用SSRI类抗抑郁药，它们就会阻断通常负责清除血清素的蛋白质。
6
When more is available between brain cells, it makes messages easier to communicate, including signals tied to positive emotions.
当脑细胞之间有更多这种物质时，信息传递会变得更加顺畅，包括与积极情绪相关的信号。
7
While side effects like nausea can appear quickly, you won't notice changes to your mood for a few weeks.
虽然恶心等副作用可能很快出现，但你需要几周的时间才会注意到情绪的变化。
8
The nudge to your serotonin levels won't fix depression on its own, but it seems to start a domino effect that makes the brain more adaptable and resilient,
血清素水平的提升本身并不能治愈抑郁症，但它似乎会引发连锁反应，使大脑更具适应性和复原力。
9
allowing worn down circuits to slowly reconnect.
让磨损的电路能够缓慢地重新连接起来。
10
They don't work for everyone, but can help as many as 75 % of people who take them.
它们并非对所有人都有效，但对服用者中多达75%的人能起到帮助作用。
11
That's not bad for drugs that were discovered by accident in the 1950s, when a tuberculosis medication unexpectedly lifted patients' moods.
对于这些在20世纪50年代偶然发现的药物来说，这一结果已经相当不错了——当时一种治疗结核病的药物意外地改善了患者的情绪。
12
Since then, decades of research have led to drugs that have helped millions.
从那以后，数十年的研究带来了帮助数百万人的药物。
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 12 个句子、203 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:16。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 159 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 78% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| emotion 名词 | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | 感情, 情感 |
| mood 名词 | /muːd/ | 心情, 情緒 /情绪 |
| illness 名词 | /ˈɪl.nəs/ | 疾病, 病症 |
| discover 动词 | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | 發現 /发现, 發覺 /发觉 |
| chronic 形容词 | /ˈkɹɑ.nɪk/ | 慢性 |
| medication 名词 | /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/ | 藥物 /药物 |
| trauma 名词 | /ˈtɹɔm.ə/ | 負傷 /负伤, 損傷 /损伤 |
| genetics 名词 | /dʒəˈnɛt.ɪks/ | 遺傳學 /遗传学 |
| receptor 名词 | /ɹɪˈsɛp.tə/ | 受體 /受体 |
| unexpectedly 副词 | /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/ | 竟然, 出乎意料地 |
| tuberculosis 名词 | /tʃuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/ | 結核 /结核, 肺結核 /肺结核 |
| nausea 名词 | /ˈnɔzi.ə/ | 噁心 /恶心 |
| serotonin 名词 | /ˌsɛɹəˈtoʊnɪn/ | 血清素 |
| antidepressant 名词 | 抗抑鬱藥 /抗抑郁药 | |
| simplify 动词 | /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ | 簡化 /简化 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| wear down 动词 | 使疲勞 /使疲劳, 使厭煩 /使厌烦 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have led |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | were discovered |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | people who take |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 4 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 won't, don't, we're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, unexpectedly /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/, tuberculosis /tʃuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/, serotonin /ˌsɛɹəˈtoʊnɪn/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 emotion, mood, illness 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。