跟读练习: How to Say NO! - 通过视频学习英语口语
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108 句
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When you have to say no, sometimes you want to add nuance.
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How can you say no without being rude?
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Also, what do
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Americans really mean when they say, I don't think so?
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Do they mean no?
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There are lots of ways you can say no while being kind and showing appreciation.
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When I was living in Germany, I was frustrated that I didn't have any phrases to use in these kinds of situations.
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I wished I had various ways to say no or to turn down an invitation.
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Today, we're going to go over lots of ways to say no in English, in various situations.
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Situation 1.
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You're out to eat, and you've eaten, and your server asks if you'd like dessert, or if you'd like to see a dessert menu,
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or if there's anything else you'd like to order.
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You could say a simple, no thank you, or no thanks, or I don't think so.
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We use I don't think to mean we're not sure.
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Rachel, do they sell diapers at the corner store?
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I don't think so, but I'm not sure.
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Are they open late?
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I don't think so.
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Again, that means probably not, but I'm not 100 % sure.
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So if we're asked if we know something, and we're not sure, we can say I don't think so.
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But if we're asked if we want something, I don't think so means no. Do you want to try this on in another size?
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I don't think so.
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Do you want dessert?
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I don't think so.
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Do you want to super -size that order?
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I don't think so.
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Situation two.
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Someone asks you to do something you don't want to do or can't do.
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This could be a colleague at work asking you to do work on a project, or someone, say, at church, asking if you can do something.
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Can you help plan the retreat this year?
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This is, someone asks you to do something extra, to take on an extra task or extra work.
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Not something social, we'll get to that in a minute.
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Here are some phrases you could use to turn down something like this.
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Sorry, I've got too much going on already.
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Sorry, I can't take on any extra work.
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Sorry, I can't take on any extra work.
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Take on a phrasal verb.
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Sorry, I can't take on any extra work.
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Sorry, I don't have time.
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Sorry, I don't have time.
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That one is nice and simple.
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Sorry, I don't have time.
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Unfortunately, I'm not going to have time to do that.
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Unfortunately, I can't take that on.
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Using the word unfortunately shows that you have some level of disappointment.
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It's something you'd like to do, or you can see that it would be good for you to do,
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Or you can see that you're disappointing someone by saying no. Unfortunately, I can't.
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You could also say, I'd like to, but I've got too much on my plate to take that on.
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Too much on my plate.
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That's an idiom that means you're busy.
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And last week, I did a video that went over 16 different ways to say you're busy.
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Often when you decline something, you add that you're busy or what your plans are.
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So check out that video if you haven't already you'll learn some great phrases to use when you need to decline something.
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You could say, I don't think I can make that work.
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I don't think I can make that work.
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Again, we're using I don't think here to mean no.
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It's sort of a softer way than just saying a flat no. Rachel, can you help set up for the event on Monday?
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I don't think I can make that work.
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Sorry.
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Hey, can you stay tonight for a client phone call?
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I don't think I can make that work.
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I have to pick up my kid at 6.
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You could say, not this time, if it's something you're interested in in the future.
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You could even say something like, not this time, but please ask me again.
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I'd like to try to do that next time.
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You could also try showing your appreciation.
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For example, thanks for thinking of me, but I can't.
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Or, I'm honored, but I can't.
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Or, I'd really like to, but I can't make it work this time.
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These all have but.
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This kind of statement plus but, is something we would use a lot in social situations with friends, too.
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That brings us to situation three.
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A friend asks you to do something social, but you can't.
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Maybe you're too busy, or you've already got plans.
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You could say, I wish I could but, and your excuse.
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I wish I could but we have guests in town then.
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Or, I wish I could but I'm busy tonight.
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So, I wish I could plus your excuse.
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I could replace I wish I could with I'd love to.
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Or, that sounds lovely.
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That sounds lovely but I'll be out of town.
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Or, I already have plans.
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Or, but I'm helping my friend move that day.
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You could also say, I'd like to.
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I'd like to, but I'm not free tonight.
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I'd like to, but I'm not free tonight.
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Oh, it's out of tune.
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I'd like to, but I really can't make it work this time.
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Or, what about this one?
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Shoot, that sounds fun.
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Sorry I can't make it.
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Or, sorry I can't come.
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You get the idea.
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Situation 4.
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You get a phone call, a sales call, someone wants to talk to you about switching phone companies,
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or you're walking down the street and someone wants to sell you something, or have you give money to their charity.
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You can be brief.
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You can simply say, sorry, or not today, or I'm not interested, thanks.
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There are lots of different ways to express no.
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Memorizing some of these phrases will make it easier for you to decline an invitation, or not to do something you're asked to do.
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It feels nice to have creative ways to express yourself other than a blunt NO, doesn't it?
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Here's last week's video on ways to say you're busy.
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Lots of really useful phrases and idioms there.
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If you've already seen that one, then check out another Rachel's English video in the suggested videos.
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And don't forget to subscribe if you haven't already.
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What other situations do you need English phrases for?
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Let me know in the comments below.
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That's it and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“How to Say NO!”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：situation, phrases, busy, extra, wish。 这段视频共有 108 个句子、1088 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:28。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 168 个词，接近日常对话。 87% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| phrase 名词 | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | 短語 /短语, 片語 /片语 |
| decline 动词 | /dɪˈklaɪn/ | 惡化 /恶化 |
| dessert 名词 | /dɪˈzɝt/ | 點心 /点心, 餐後甜點 /餐后甜点 |
| invitation 名词 | /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/ | 邀請 /邀请 |
| server 名词 | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | 服務器 /服务器, 伺服器 |
| charity 名词 | /ˈtʃæɹɪti/ | 慈善機構 /慈善机构 |
| tune 名词 | /tjuːn/ | 曲調 /曲调, 曲子 |
| menu 名词 | /ˈmɛn.juː/ | 菜單 /菜单 |
| rude 形容词 | /ɹuːd/ | 粗暴, 無禮 /无礼 |
| retreat 名词 | /ɹɪˈtɹiːt/ | 後退 /后退, 退卻 /退却 |
| subscribe 动词 | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | 簽署 /签署 |
| disappointment 名词 | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ | 失望 |
| colleague 名词 | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | 同事, 同僚 |
| blunt 形容词 | /blʌnt/ | 鈍 /钝 |
| verb 名词 | /vɝb/ | 動詞 /动词 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| check out 动词 | 退房 |
| turn down 动词 | 拒絕 /拒绝, 回絕 /回绝 |
| pick up 动词 | 拾取, 撿 /捡 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- How can you say no without being rude?
- Americans really mean when they say, I don't think so?
- I don't think so, but I'm not sure.
- Do you want to super -size that order?
- Can you help plan the retreat this year?
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 条件句 if + 从句，will/would + 动词 — 条件及其结果 | if there's anything else you'd like · if you haven't already you'll learn |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | you've eaten · you've already seen |
| “will” 表将来 will + 动词 — 决定、承诺或预测 | we'll get · you'll learn · I'll be |
| 现在进行时 am/is/are + -ing — 此刻或近期正在发生的事 | we're using · I'm helping · you're walking |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 82 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, can't, you're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, server /ˈsɝvɚ/, verb /vɝb/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, dessert /dɪˈzɝt/, rude /ɹuːd/, retreat /ɹɪˈtɹiːt/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 phrase, decline, dessert 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。