Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: How to Say NO!
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108 câu
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When you have to say no, sometimes you want to add nuance.
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How can you say no without being rude?
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Also, what do
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Americans really mean when they say, I don't think so?
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Do they mean no?
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There are lots of ways you can say no while being kind and showing appreciation.
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When I was living in Germany, I was frustrated that I didn't have any phrases to use in these kinds of situations.
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I wished I had various ways to say no or to turn down an invitation.
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Today, we're going to go over lots of ways to say no in English, in various situations.
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Situation 1.
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You're out to eat, and you've eaten, and your server asks if you'd like dessert, or if you'd like to see a dessert menu,
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or if there's anything else you'd like to order.
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You could say a simple, no thank you, or no thanks, or I don't think so.
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We use I don't think to mean we're not sure.
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Rachel, do they sell diapers at the corner store?
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I don't think so, but I'm not sure.
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Are they open late?
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I don't think so.
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Again, that means probably not, but I'm not 100 % sure.
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So if we're asked if we know something, and we're not sure, we can say I don't think so.
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But if we're asked if we want something, I don't think so means no. Do you want to try this on in another size?
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I don't think so.
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Do you want dessert?
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I don't think so.
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Do you want to super -size that order?
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I don't think so.
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Situation two.
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Someone asks you to do something you don't want to do or can't do.
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This could be a colleague at work asking you to do work on a project, or someone, say, at church, asking if you can do something.
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Can you help plan the retreat this year?
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This is, someone asks you to do something extra, to take on an extra task or extra work.
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Not something social, we'll get to that in a minute.
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Here are some phrases you could use to turn down something like this.
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Sorry, I've got too much going on already.
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Sorry, I can't take on any extra work.
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Sorry, I can't take on any extra work.
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Take on a phrasal verb.
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Sorry, I can't take on any extra work.
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Sorry, I don't have time.
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Sorry, I don't have time.
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That one is nice and simple.
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Sorry, I don't have time.
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Unfortunately, I'm not going to have time to do that.
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Unfortunately, I can't take that on.
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Using the word unfortunately shows that you have some level of disappointment.
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It's something you'd like to do, or you can see that it would be good for you to do,
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Or you can see that you're disappointing someone by saying no. Unfortunately, I can't.
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You could also say, I'd like to, but I've got too much on my plate to take that on.
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Too much on my plate.
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That's an idiom that means you're busy.
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And last week, I did a video that went over 16 different ways to say you're busy.
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Often when you decline something, you add that you're busy or what your plans are.
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So check out that video if you haven't already you'll learn some great phrases to use when you need to decline something.
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You could say, I don't think I can make that work.
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I don't think I can make that work.
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Again, we're using I don't think here to mean no.
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It's sort of a softer way than just saying a flat no. Rachel, can you help set up for the event on Monday?
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I don't think I can make that work.
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Sorry.
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Hey, can you stay tonight for a client phone call?
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I don't think I can make that work.
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I have to pick up my kid at 6.
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You could say, not this time, if it's something you're interested in in the future.
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You could even say something like, not this time, but please ask me again.
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I'd like to try to do that next time.
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You could also try showing your appreciation.
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For example, thanks for thinking of me, but I can't.
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Or, I'm honored, but I can't.
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Or, I'd really like to, but I can't make it work this time.
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These all have but.
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This kind of statement plus but, is something we would use a lot in social situations with friends, too.
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That brings us to situation three.
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A friend asks you to do something social, but you can't.
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Maybe you're too busy, or you've already got plans.
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You could say, I wish I could but, and your excuse.
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I wish I could but we have guests in town then.
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Or, I wish I could but I'm busy tonight.
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So, I wish I could plus your excuse.
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I could replace I wish I could with I'd love to.
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Or, that sounds lovely.
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That sounds lovely but I'll be out of town.
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Or, I already have plans.
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Or, but I'm helping my friend move that day.
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You could also say, I'd like to.
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I'd like to, but I'm not free tonight.
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I'd like to, but I'm not free tonight.
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Oh, it's out of tune.
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I'd like to, but I really can't make it work this time.
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Or, what about this one?
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Shoot, that sounds fun.
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Sorry I can't make it.
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Or, sorry I can't come.
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You get the idea.
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Situation 4.
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You get a phone call, a sales call, someone wants to talk to you about switching phone companies,
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or you're walking down the street and someone wants to sell you something, or have you give money to their charity.
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You can be brief.
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You can simply say, sorry, or not today, or I'm not interested, thanks.
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There are lots of different ways to express no.
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Memorizing some of these phrases will make it easier for you to decline an invitation, or not to do something you're asked to do.
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It feels nice to have creative ways to express yourself other than a blunt NO, doesn't it?
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Here's last week's video on ways to say you're busy.
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Lots of really useful phrases and idioms there.
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If you've already seen that one, then check out another Rachel's English video in the suggested videos.
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And don't forget to subscribe if you haven't already.
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What other situations do you need English phrases for?
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Let me know in the comments below.
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That's it and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói này dựa trên video “How to Say NO!”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: situation, phrases, busy, extra, wish. Video này có 108 câu và 1088 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 6:28. Người nói nói với tốc độ tự nhiên, khoảng 168 từ mỗi phút, gần với hội thoại hằng ngày. 87% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất, nên từ vựng dễ theo.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| phrase danh từ | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | cụm từ, câu |
| dessert danh từ | /dɪˈzɝt/ | tráng miệng |
| invitation danh từ | /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/ | lời mời |
| server danh từ | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | trình chủ, máy chủ |
| charity danh từ | /ˈtʃæɹɪti/ | từ thiện |
| tune danh từ | /tjuːn/ | điệu nhạc, âm điệu |
| menu danh từ | /ˈmɛn.juː/ | thực đơn |
| subscribe động từ | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | đăng kí |
| disappointment danh từ | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ | sự thất vọng |
| colleague danh từ | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | đồng nghiệp |
| blunt tính từ | /blʌnt/ | cùn |
| verb danh từ | /vɝb/ | động từ |
| disappoint động từ | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ | làm thất vọng |
| idiom danh từ | /ˈɪdiəm/ | thành ngữ |
| memorize động từ | /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/ | ghi nhớ, ghi chép |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| check out động từ | tính tiền, trả phòng |
| pick up động từ | nhặt, lượm |
Những câu đáng luyện lại
Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:
- How can you say no without being rude?
- Americans really mean when they say, I don't think so?
- I don't think so, but I'm not sure.
- Do you want to super -size that order?
- Can you help plan the retreat this year?
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu điều kiện if + mệnh đề, will/would + động từ — điều kiện và kết quả | if there's anything else you'd like · if you haven't already you'll learn |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | you've eaten · you've already seen |
| Tương lai với “will” will + động từ — quyết định, lời hứa hoặc dự đoán | we'll get · you'll learn · I'll be |
| Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn am/is/are + -ing — việc đang diễn ra lúc nói hoặc quanh thời điểm này | we're using · I'm helping · you're walking |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 82 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ don't, can't, you're. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/, blunt /blʌnt/, disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/, nuance /ˈnjuː.ɑːns/
- Phụ âm cuối — bật rõ âm cuối của từ: phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, dessert /dɪˈzɝt/, rude /ɹuːd/, retreat /ɹɪˈtɹiːt/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như phrase, dessert, invitation.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.