跟读练习: Why We Faint (When Other Animals Don't) - 通过视频学习英语口语
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17 句
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1
The more we learn about the animal kingdom, the less unique humans seem.
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But as far as we know, no other animal on Earth faints from fright like we do...lucky us.
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Like lots of other animals, when we sense we’re in danger - or experience another surge of emotion - our blood pressure spikes, rushing blood to our brain and increasing our alertness.
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But, in humans, once the threat is over, our body sometimes overcompensates, dropping our blood pressure too low and reducing the blood supply to our brain, causing us to briefly lose consciousness - in other words, we faint.
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While a few other animals do fall over, mainly from unrelated muscle issues, we’re the only ones who lose consciousness.
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And that’s thanks to a unique combination of two traits: an upright stance and a big brain.
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Spending most of our time upright, with our brain above our heart, means our blood has to fight gravity to reach the brain.
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And on top of that – or rather, below – we have big, veiny legs, which – when we stand still for too long – collect lots of blood, making it even harder to supply our brains with enough blood.
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While there are other animals with brains high above their hearts, none of them have brains as demanding as humans’.
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The bigger an animal’s brain, the more blood the brain needs; our big brains hog a whopping 20% of our bodies’ blood flow compared to less than 7% for our closest relatives and less than 1% in animals with even smaller brains.
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That’s why just a slight dip in our blood pressure can interrupt the flow of blood to our brain, while even a significant drop in other animals’ blood pressure won’t stop their brains from getting enough blood to keep running or hopping.
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Our unique combination of traits means that even something as silly as a...
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JUMP! SCARE in a horror film or simply the sight of blood can cause our blood pressure to drop enough for us to, well, drop.
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The good news is that falling puts our head and heart at the same level, allowing blood to quickly reach our brain again.
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The bad news is that fainting can also lead to sometimes serious injuries, accounting for about a million hospital visits each year.
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But the upright stance and big brain that make humans the only animals to faint from fright are the same traits that have allowed us to thrive and spread all over the globe.
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So, I guess you could say world domination is for the faint of heart.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“Why We Faint”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：brain, blood, animal, pressure, faint。 这段视频共有 17 个句子、426 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:22。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 180 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 9 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| faint 形容词 | /feɪnt/ | 微弱 |
| trait 名词 | /tɹeɪt/ | 特徵 /特征 |
| upright 形容词 | /ˈʌpɹaɪt/ | 筆直 /笔直 |
| stance 名词 | /stæns/ | 姿勢 /姿势 |
| consciousness 名词 | /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/ | 意識 /意识 |
| interrupt 动词 | /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ | 打斷 /打断, 插嘴 |
| thrive 动词 | /θɹajv/ | 繁榮 /繁荣 |
| unrelated 形容词 | 不相关的 | |
| emotion 名词 | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | 感情, 情感 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have allowed |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | ones who lose |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 3 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 we're, won't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/, domination /ˌdɑːməˈneɪʃən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: faint /feɪnt/, trait /tɹeɪt/, upright /ˈʌpɹaɪt/, fright /fɹaɪt/, stance /stæns/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 faint, trait, upright 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。