第 5 课 · 第 1 阶段: 基础
现在进行时
初级Present continuous
构成与用法
am/is/are + -ing — 此刻或近期正在发生的事
1.形式
现在进行时 = am / is / are + 动词-ing。
| 主语 | 肯定式 | 否定式 | 疑问式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | I'm working | I'm not working | Am I working? |
| he / she / it | she's working | she isn't working | Is she working? |
| we / you / they | they're working | they aren't working | Are they working? |
带疑问词：What are you doing? Why is he laughing? 简略回答：Yes, I am. / No, she isn't.
2.加 -ing
| 情况 | 规则 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 大多数动词 | + ing | read → reading, play → playing |
| 以不发音的 e 结尾 | 去 e + ing | make → making, write → writing (but see → seeing, be → being) |
| 1 个元音 + 1 个辅音，重音在最后 | 双写辅音字母 | sit → sitting, run → running, swim → swimming, begin → beginning |
| 重音不在最后一个音节 | 不双写 | visit → visiting, open → opening, listen → listening |
| 以 ie 结尾 | ie → y + ing | lie → lying, die → dying, tie → tying |
w、x、y 永远不双写：snow → snowing, fix → fixing, stay → staying。
3.什么时候用
1. 正在发生的事，就在说话的这一刻——常和 now、right now、at the moment、Look!、Listen! 一起用
Shh! The baby is sleeping.
嘘！宝宝在睡觉。
Look! It's raining again.
你看！又下雨了。
I can't talk now. I'm driving.
我现在不能说话，我在开车。
2. 这段时间正在进行的事——已经开始但还没结束，即使说话这一刻你并没有在做。
I'm reading a great book about Japan.
我最近在读一本关于日本的好书。
Lan is learning Korean because she wants to work in Seoul.
阿兰在学韩语，因为她想去首尔工作。
3. 暂时的情况——常和 today、this week、this month、these days 一起用
I'm staying with my cousin until I find an apartment.
在找到公寓之前，我暂时住在表哥家。
You're working really hard this week.
你这周工作真努力。
4. 正在发生的变化——常和 get、become、change、improve、increase、grow、rise、fall… 一起用
Your English is getting better.
你的英语越来越好了。
Prices are rising every month.
物价每个月都在上涨。
现在进行时还可以表示将来已安排好的计划（I'm meeting Nam tomorrow）——见“现在进行时表将来安排”一课。
4.很少加 -ing 的动词
有些动词表示状态而不是动作——know、want、like、need、understand、believe、own——即使说的是此刻，通常也不用进行时：I know the answer（不说 I'm knowing）。下一课会详细讲。
5.常见错误
She cooking dinner now.She's cooking dinner now.
缺少 be。
I am work now.I'm working now.
be 后面要接 -ing。
Are you understand?Do you understand?
understand 是状态动词 → 用一般现在时。
They are swiming.They are swimming.
要双写 m。
He's makeing tea.He's making tea.
去掉不发音的 e。
例句
- Please be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.
- Look outside! It is raining again.
- She isn't working today because she's ill.
- Shh! Grandpa is lying down on the sofa.
