第 5 課 · 第 1 階段: 基礎
現在進行時
初級Present continuous
構成與用法
am/is/are + -ing — 此刻或近期正在發生的事
1.形式
現在進行時 = am / is / are + 動詞-ing。
| 主語 | 肯定式 | 否定式 | 疑問式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | I'm working | I'm not working | Am I working? |
| he / she / it | she's working | she isn't working | Is she working? |
| we / you / they | they're working | they aren't working | Are they working? |
帶疑問詞：What are you doing? Why is he laughing? 簡略回答：Yes, I am. / No, she isn't.
2.加 -ing
| 情況 | 規則 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 大多數動詞 | + ing | read → reading, play → playing |
| 以不發音的 e 結尾 | 去 e + ing | make → making, write → writing (but see → seeing, be → being) |
| 1 個母音 + 1 個子音，重音在最後 | 雙寫子音字母 | sit → sitting, run → running, swim → swimming, begin → beginning |
| 重音不在最後一個音節 | 不雙寫 | visit → visiting, open → opening, listen → listening |
| 以 ie 結尾 | ie → y + ing | lie → lying, die → dying, tie → tying |
w、x、y 永遠不雙寫：snow → snowing, fix → fixing, stay → staying。
3.什麼時候用
1. 正在發生的事，就在說話的這一刻——常和 now、right now、at the moment、Look!、Listen! 一起用
Shh! The baby is sleeping.
噓！寶寶在睡覺。
Look! It's raining again.
你看！又下雨了。
I can't talk now. I'm driving.
我現在不能說話，我在開車。
2. 這段時間正在進行的事——已經開始但還沒結束，即使說話這一刻你並沒有在做。
I'm reading a great book about Japan.
我最近在讀一本關於日本的好書。
Lan is learning Korean because she wants to work in Seoul.
阿蘭在學韓語，因為她想去首爾工作。
3. 暫時的情況——常和 today、this week、this month、these days 一起用
I'm staying with my cousin until I find an apartment.
在找到公寓之前，我暫時住在表哥家。
You're working really hard this week.
你這週工作真努力。
4. 正在發生的變化——常和 get、become、change、improve、increase、grow、rise、fall… 一起用
Your English is getting better.
你的英語越來越好了。
Prices are rising every month.
物價每個月都在上漲。
現在進行時還可以表示將來已安排好的計劃（I'm meeting Nam tomorrow）——見“現在進行時表將來安排”一課。
4.很少加 -ing 的動詞
有些動詞表示狀態而不是動作——know、want、like、need、understand、believe、own——即使說的是此刻，通常也不用進行時：I know the answer（不說 I'm knowing）。下一課會詳細講。
5.常見錯誤
She cooking dinner now.She's cooking dinner now.
缺少 be。
I am work now.I'm working now.
be 後面要接 -ing。
Are you understand?Do you understand?
understand 是狀態動詞 → 用一般現在時。
They are swiming.They are swimming.
要雙寫 m。
He's makeing tea.He's making tea.
去掉不發音的 e。
例句
- Please be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.
- Look outside! It is raining again.
- She isn't working today because she's ill.
- Shh! Grandpa is lying down on the sofa.
