تدريب Shadowing: Why Are Things Creepy? - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
1
Hey, Vsauce. Michael here.
2
Fear gives us life. Being afraid of the right things kept our ancestors alive. It makes sense to be afraid of poisonous insects or hungry tigers, but what about fear when there is no clear and obvious danger?
3
For instance, a Teddy Bear with a full set of human teeth...or a smile.jpg.
4
There's something a little off about these images. Too much mystery, and strange-ness, but no obvious threat, the way there is with a gun or falling rock. But, yet, they still insight fear, because they are creepy.
5
But why? What gives us the creeps? What causes something to be creepy?
6
We are now in my bedroom, the bedroom I grew up in, in Kansas. Like a lot of children my age, I was terrified of "Scary Stories to Tell in the Dark." But the very first book that ever scared me was "The Curse of the Squirrel." To this day, I still haven't finished the book...but that's just me.
7
Psychologist James Geer developed the "Fear Survey Schedule II," which he used to find out what scared us the most. Combined with the results of a more recent Gallup poll, these are the things that scare most of us, the most. All of these things are scary, but are they creepy? Let's get more specific.
8
I love the way Stephen King delineates three types of scary stuff. The first is the "gross-out".
9
This is something disgusting, morbid, diseased. The second is "horror". Horror, to King, is the unnatural: a giant spider, or being grabbed in the dark when you thought you were alone.
10
The third, "terror," is different, creepier. He says terror is coming home to find that everything that you own has been replaced with an exact copy. Terror is feeling something behind you. It's breath on your neck. Knowing that you will be grabbed, but then turning around to find that there was never anything there in the first place. Not a lot of research has been done on that feeling, the creeps. But many theories and ideas involve vagueness, ambiguity. For instance, masks, and why clowns are creepy.
11
Claude Levi-Strauss wrote that the facial disguise temporarily eliminates from social intercourse the part of the body, which reveals personal feelings and attitudes. Part of the reason even a neutral or happy mask can be creepy may have to do with ambiguity. A mask hides the true emotions and intentions of the person underneath. I don't know if the person wearing that mask is a threat or not.
12
Vagueness is creepy when it comes to the human form. This is the famous Uncanny Valley.
13
On a chart of humanness, there's a zone where something can be almost entirely human, but off by just a little. Not so wrong that it's clearly fake or funny, or so good that it's indistinguishable. Instead, it's just troubling.
14
The creepiness of the Uncanny Valley is wonderfully demonstrated by John Bergeron's Singing Androids.
15
Watch these videos when you're alone.
16
A similar, uneasy feeling comes from ShayeSaintJohn, a character created by Eric Fournier. Funny to some, nightmare fuel to others.
17
Uncanny humanoids, like all creepy things, straddle a line between two regions that we can understand and explain with language. Francis T. McAndrew and Sara Koehnke describe being "creeped out" as an adaptive human response to the ambiguity of threats from others.
18
Creepy things are kind of a threat maybe, but they're also kind of not. So, our brains don't know what to do. Some parts respond with fear, while other parts don't, and they don't know why. So, instead of achieving a typical fear response, horror, we simply feel uneasy, terror, creeped out. Between the mountains of safety and danger, there is a valley of creepiness, where the limits of our knowledge and trust and security aren't very clear.
19
Will looking at this cause you to die one week later? Impossible, right? Maybe that's the terror of ambiguity.
20
We don't do well with ambiguity. When it involves our own intentions, it can make us lie. And when it involves danger, but no recognizable threat, it can make us think and feel some pretty weird things. Have you ever peered over a ledge, a railing, way high up, like, so high up it made you nervous and dizzy and felt something pushing you? Maybe even an urge to jump? Have you ever stood on the ledge with a loved one and realize that you could push them? It would be that easy. You really could do it, and maybe you do want to do it, or maybe it's just cognitive dissonance. The fact that your brain is having to deal with ambiguity.
21
A recent study by Jennifer Hames at Florida State University dubbed this the High Place Phenomenon. When approaching a ledge and a dangerous drop, your survival instinct kicks in and you pull yourself away. But, your balance and motor systems don't get it. Nothing is pushing you and you don't normally fall or leap randomly. So, what's going on? The part of your brain that processes intention might resolve this by determining that something must be pushing you. Or, that you might actually want to jump or push your friend, even if none of that is true.
22
Now, we're not done with ambiguity yet because our language reflects the gray area of terror and creepiness. Take a look at the word "terror" itself. We have "horrible" and "horrific." "Terrible" and "terrific." Why is that? Well, through history, we never really figured out what to call powerful experiences, because they're both. They are full of awe...awesome.
23
And, they are full of aw...awful. We need them to survive. We need fears and the creeps, to understand our size, our weaknesses. But, on the other hand, avoiding them is pretty great too...The creeps is a physical reminder that the world is vague and full of ambiguity, but that we are cunning, always trying to figure things out but, nonetheless, fragile.
24
Is that terrible or terrific? Well, it's both. Which, as a creepy ghost would say, is kind of boo-tiful.
25
And as always, thanks for watching.
📺 نفس القناة
What's Inside My Spherical Die?B2
1

What's Inside My Spherical Die?

American AccentUniversity Students
A Cosmic CoincidenceB2
1

A Cosmic Coincidence

American AccentUniversity Students
The Banach–Tarski ParadoxC1
2

The Banach–Tarski Paradox

American AccentUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Is Anything Real?C1

Is Anything Real?

American AccentUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
I Built An Emordnilap MachineB2
4

I Built An Emordnilap Machine

American AccentUniversity Students
The Future Of ReasoningC1
3

The Future Of Reasoning

American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
My Dad RankingB1
3

My Dad Ranking

American AccentTeensDaily ConversationHigh School Students
Why Are Things Cute?C1
5

Why Are Things Cute?

American AccentUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
All The Ghosts You Will BeC1

All The Ghosts You Will Be

American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
✨ فيديو موصى به
Why We’re Scared of Things That Look Too Human (Uncanny Valley)B2
1
57 جمل

Why We’re Scared of Things That Look Too Human (Uncanny Valley)

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Backrooms Movie Breakdown and Ending ExplainedB2
1
221 جمل

Backrooms Movie Breakdown and Ending Explained

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
The Hidden Fears in Coraline That Haunt Us StillB2
1
389 جمل

The Hidden Fears in Coraline That Haunt Us Still

American AccentDaily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
How To See Germs Spread Experiment (Coronavirus)B2
12
98 جمل

How To See Germs Spread Experiment (Coronavirus)

American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
In search of monstersB2
2
47 جمل

In search of monsters

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Michael C. Hall On Playing A Psychopath | Friday Night With Jonathan RossB2
226 جمل

Michael C. Hall On Playing A Psychopath | Friday Night With Jonathan Ross

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Fluffy Tropes That'd Be Scary IRLB2
1
171 جمل

Fluffy Tropes That'd Be Scary IRL

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FearsB2
7
71 جمل

Fears

Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
Most DISTURBING Photos With Backstories Explained In 20 minutesB2
1
193 جمل

Most DISTURBING Photos With Backstories Explained In 20 minutes

University StudentsWorking Adults
Do YOU Believe These Body Language Tropes?B2
1
685 جمل

Do YOU Believe These Body Language Tropes?

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
I Flipped 100 Rocks on the Ocean Floor, Here's What I Found... (Sea Monsters?)B2
2
142 جمل

I Flipped 100 Rocks on the Ocean Floor, Here's What I Found... (Sea Monsters?)

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Why You Should Talk To Strangers | Kio Stark | English SubtitlesB2
155 جمل

Why You Should Talk To Strangers | Kio Stark | English Subtitles

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 25 جملة و1034 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 8:27. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 122 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 79% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة أقل شيوعًا من الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

  • creepy /ˈkɹipi/ (صفة) — مفزع. Moving by creeping along.
  • terror /ˈtɛɹɚ/ (اسم) — ترويع. Intense dread, fright, or fear.
  • mask /mæsk/ (اسم) — قِناع, كِمامة. A cover, or partial cover, for the face, used for disguise or protection.
  • horror /ˈhɒɹ.ə/ (اسم) — رُعْب, خَوْف. An intense distressing emotion of fear or repugnance.
  • scary /ˈskɛə.ɹi/ (صفة) — مُجَفِّل. Causing fear or anxiety
  • scare /skɛɚ/ (فعل) — أَفْزَعَ. To frighten, terrify, startle, especially in a minor way.
  • bedroom /ˈbɛdˌɹum/ (اسم) — مَخْدَع, غُرْفَةُ نَوْم. A room in a house, apartment, hotel, or other dwelling where a bed is kept for sleeping.
  • chart /t͡ʃɑɹt/ (اسم) — مُخَطَّط بَيَانِيّ, مُخَطَط. A map illustrating the geography of a specific phenomenon.
  • awful /ˈɔːfʊl/ (صفة) — فَظِيع, أَرْبَد. Very bad.
  • gray /ɡɹeɪ/ (صفة) — رَمَادِيّ, أَشْيَب. Of a color between black and white, having neutral hue and intermediate brightness.
  • gross /ɡɹoʊs/ (صفة) — معيب. remarkably great, big, vast in an often unpleasant way; (of behaviour) Highly or conspicuously offensive.
  • hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ (صفة) — جَائِع, جَوْعَان. Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
  • mystery /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ (اسم) — سِرّ. Something secret or unexplainable; an unknown.
  • horrible /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/ (صفة) — رَهِيب, فَظِيع. Causing horror; terrible; shocking.
  • reveal /ɹɪˈviːl/ (فعل) — كَشَفَ. To uncover; to show and display that which was hidden.

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

  • look at (فعل) — نَظَرَ. To observe or watch.

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 13 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل don't, they're, aren't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “th”: breathe /bɹiːð/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, nonetheless /ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs/
  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: intentions /ɪnˈtɛnʃənz/, intention /ɪnˈtɛnʃn̩/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, facial /ˈfeɪ.ʃəl/, indistinguishable [ˌɪn.dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪ.ʃə.bl̩]
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/, temporarily /ˌtɛmpəˈɹɛɹəli/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, ambiguity /æm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/, delineate /dɪˈlɪniːeɪt/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل creepy, terror, mask.

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهwas terrified · being grabbed · has been replaced
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhaven't finished · has been replaced

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →