Shadowing-Übung: Linux got wrecked by backdoor attack - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
Übungsmodus wählen
Jeder Modus öffnet einen Übungsraum im Vollbild.
51 Sätze
Wenn Sätze zu kurz oder zu lang sind, klicke auf Edit, um sie anzupassen.
1
Over the last few days, the open -source world has been in panic mode.
2
A highly sophisticated and carefully planned attack affecting the XZ compression tool was shipped to production,
3
and has compromised Linux distros like Debian, Kali, OpenSUSE, and others.
4
Thank God, TempleOS is unaffected though, and it's quite possibly one of the most well -executed supply chain attacks of all time,
5
and gives some random dude unfettered access to execute code on your machine via a secret backdoor.
6
This is not your everyday security vulnerability.
7
It's a threat -level midnight 10 .0 critical issue on the CVE Richter scale, even higher than famous bugs like Heartbleed, Log4Shell, and Shellshock.
8
In today's video, you'll learn exactly how the XZ backdoor works, and the incredible story of how it was discovered by accident.
9
It is April 1st, 2024, and you're watching the Code Report.
10
Unfortunately, this is not an April Fool's video.
11
If you happen to be using one of the Linux distros listed here, you'll want to upgrade immediately.
12
Luckily, it only affects a very narrow set of distros, most of which are unstable builds, but that's only because this backdoor was discovered by pure luck early on.
13
More on that in just a second, let's first take a deep dive into this backdoor.
14
XZ -Utils is a tool for compressing and decompressing streams based on the Lempel -Ziv Markov Chain Algorithm, or LZMA.
15
It contains a command line tool that's installed on most Linux distros by default, which you can use right now with the XZ command, but also contains an API library called lib -LZMA,
16
and many other pieces of software depend on this library to implement compression, One of which is SSHD, or Secure Shell Daemon, a tool that listens to SSH connections,
17
like when you connect your local machine to the terminal on a cloud server.
18
Now here's where the backdoor comes in, but keep in mind, researchers are still figuring out exactly how this thing works.
19
Malicious code was discovered in the tarballs of LibLZMA, which is the thing that most people actually install.
20
That malicious code is not present in the source code, though.
21
It uses a series of obfuscations to hide the malicious code, then at build time, it injects a pre -built object disguised as a test file that lives in the source code.
22
It modifies specific parts of the LZMA code, which ultimately allows the attacker to intercept and modify data that interacts with this library.
23
Researchers have also discovered that any payload sent to the backdoor must be signed by the attacker's private key.
24
In other words, the attacker is the only one who can send a payload to the backdoor, making it more difficult to test and monitor.
25
And the attacker went to great lengths to obfuscate the code, like it contains no ASCII characters and instead has a built -in state machine to recognize important strings.
26
Now, because the vast majority of servers that power the internet are Linux -based, this backdoor could have been a major disaster.
27
Luckily, though, a hero software engineer named Andres Freund was using the unstable branch of Debian to benchmark Postgres.
28
He noticed something weird that most people would overlook.
29
SSH logins were using up more CPU resources than normal.
30
Initially, he thought it was an issue in Debian directly, but after some investigation, discovered it was actually upstream in exeutils.
31
And that's really bad, because so many things depend on this tool.
32
In German, his last name translates to friend, which is fitting, because he single -handedly helped the world avoid a multi -billion dollar disaster. But whodunit?
33
Who's the bad guy here?
34
At this point, it's unclear.
35
The LibLZMA project is maintained by Lassie Collin.
36
However, the malicious tarballs are signed by Gia Tan, a contributor to the project.
37
This individual has been a trusted contributor for the last few years, but clearly, they've been playing the long game.
38
They spent years building up trust before trying the backdoor, and nobody even noticed when they made their move.
39
I say they because we don't know if this is an individual or a penetration attempt from a rogue state like Russia, North Korea, or the United States.
40
Here's a non -technical analogy.
41
Imagine there's a landlord, we'll call him Lassie Collin, who manages a popular apartment building.
42
It's a lot of work, but this young, enthusiastic guy has been super helpful over the last couple years, adding all sorts of upgrades and renovations.
43
Let's call him Gia Tan.
44
He does great work, but he's also been secretly installing cameras in the bathrooms, which only he can access from the internet with his password.
45
Now, he would have gotten away with it too if it weren't for a pesky tenant named Andres, who happened to notice that his electricity bill was just a little bit higher than usual.
46
He started looking behind the walls and found some unexpected wires that led right to the unauthorized cameras.
47
At this point, we don't know the true identity of the hacker, but whoever did this was looking to cast a very wide net, and because it's protected by a secret key, can only be exploited by one party.
48
XZ was a sitting duck because it's extremely popular, while also being very boring with a single maintainer.
49
Whoever's behind this is either an extremely intelligent psychopath, or more likely, a group of state -sponsored dimension -hopping lizard people hellbent on world domination.
50
And that's why the only distro you should use is TempleOS.
51
This has been The Code Report, thanks for watching, and I will see you in the next one.
App herunterladen
Alles, was du zum fließenden Sprechen brauchst
KI-AussprachebewertungJeder Satz bewertet
IPA-TrainingJeden Laut meistern
WortschatzBaue deinen Wortschatz auf
VokabelspielSpielend lernen
Gleicher Kanal
C11
PostgreSQL in 100 Seconds
American AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
React Native in 100 Seconds
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
Every app on Earth is now open source... whether it likes it or not
American AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
C14
Brainf**k in 100 Seconds
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
Mind-bending new programming language for GPUs just dropped...
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C16
The plan to break apart Google... RIP Chrome
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C130
Docker in 100 Seconds
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
The worst week in cybersecurity history... so far
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
The last real programmers are dying out...
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Did the AI bubble just pop?
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
When open-sourcing your code goes wrong...
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
OpenAI’s new browser feels familiar…
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
The most interesting "hack" in history...
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
Tragic mistake... Anthropic leaks Claude’s source code
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
Firefox and Tor hit with 9.8 critical level exploit
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
C++ in 100 Seconds
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
China just dropped a new frontier model... and nobody can explain how
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
Linux in 100 Seconds
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Did Google just dethrone OpenAI and Anthropic?
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C116
VS Code in 100 Seconds
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Empfohlenes Video
C15
59 Sätze
There's a new Linux distro in town for developers...
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
378 Sätze
you need to learn HACKING RIGHT NOW!! // CEH (ethical hacking)
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1678 Sätze
So I tried Matt's skills...
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
173 Sätze
STOP Running Code On Your Computer
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
398 Sätze
THIS Is Where the Internet Lives
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
65 Sätze
Did Anthropic Kill Git?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
179 Sätze
Cicada 3301: An Internet Mystery
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
215 Sätze
Debian Linux GNU Coreutils Situation Is Crazy
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
364 Sätze
Running AI Agents in Secure Sandboxes with E2B & Docker MCP | Docker’s AI Guide to the Galaxy
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
182 Sätze
I Tested The Viral Reverse Engineering Repo
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
132 Sätze
Helpdesk to Sysadmin - 3 Things You Must Learn First
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 51 Sätze und 944 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 4:32. Der Sprecher spricht schnell, etwa 209 Wörter pro Minute – rechne mit verbundenen und verkürzten Lauten. Nur 76 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen, der Wortschatz ist also anspruchsvoll.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 weniger häufige Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
- discover /dɪˈskʌvə/ (Verb) — entdecken. To find or learn something for the first time.
- malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/ (Adjektiv) — böse, boshaft. Intending to do harm; characterized by spite and malice.
- attacker /əˈtækɚ/ (Substantiv) — Angreifer, Angreiferin. Someone who attacks.
- server /ˈsɝvɚ/ (Substantiv) — Server. A program that provides services to other programs or devices, either in the same computer or over a computer network.
- disaster /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ (Substantiv) — Desaster, Unglück. An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent…
- upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/ (Verb) — verbessern. To improve, usually applied to technology, generally by complete replacement of one or more components.
- depend /dɪˈpɛnd/ (Verb) — abhängen, ankommen. To be contingent or conditioned; to have something as a necessary condition
- install /ɪnˈstɔl/ (Verb) — installieren. To connect, set up or prepare something for use
- execute /ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/ (Verb) — hinrichten, exekutieren. To kill, especially as punishment for a capital crime.
- luckily /ˈlʌk.ɪ.li/ (Adverb) — glücklicherweise, auf glückliche Weise. In a lucky manner; by good fortune; fortunately.
- researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ (Substantiv) — Forscher, Forscherin. One who researches.
- unstable /ʌnˈsteɪ.bəl/ (Adjektiv) — instabil, labil. Not stable.
- compression /kəmˈpɹɛʃ.ən/ (Substantiv) — Kompression, Komprimierung. An increase in density; the act of compressing, or the state of being compressed; compaction.
- modify /ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/ (Verb) — ändern, abändern. To change part of.
- contributor /kənˈtɹɪb.jə.tɚ/ (Substantiv) — Spender, Beitragszahler. A benefactor; someone who donates to charity or some cause.
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
- build up (Verb) — sich ansammeln, sich türmen. To erect; to construct.
- come in /ˌkʌm ˈɪn/ (Verb) — ins Spiel kommen. To enter.
- figure out (Verb) — herausfinden. To come to understand; to discover or find a solution; to deduce.
- get away with (Verb) — mit etwas davonkommen, mit etwas durchkommen. To get away, or escape, taking (something) with one.
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 8 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel don't, you'll, they've. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die „th“-Laute: enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈæstɪk/, psychopath /ˈsaɪkəʊpæθ/
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/, compression /kəmˈpɹɛʃ.ən/, dimension /daɪˈmɛn.ʃən/, renovation /ɹɛnəˈveɪʃən/, penetration /pɛ.nəˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: contributor /kənˈtɹɪb.jə.tɚ/, electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, unexpected /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/, enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈæstɪk/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie discover, malicious, attacker.
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | was shipped · is unaffected · was discovered |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | has been · has compromised · have also discovered |
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | LibLZMA, which is · one who can · friend, which is |
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.