Pratique du Shadowing: Benedict Cumberbatch reads Kurt Vonnegut's letter to the future - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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65 phrases
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Reviewer.pxs.
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It's been suggested that you might welcome words of wisdom from the past
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and that several of us in the 20th century should send you, son.
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Do you know this advice from Polonius in Shakespeare's Hamlet, this above all to thine own self be true?
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Or what about these instructions from St. John the Divine?
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Fear God and give glory to him for the hour of his judgment has come.
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The best advice from my own era for you or just about anybody, anytime I guess, is a prayer first used by alcoholics who hope to never take a drink again.
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God grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference.
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Our century hasn't been as free with words of wisdom as some others.
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I think because we were the first to get reliable information about the human situation.
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How many of us there were.
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How much food there was.
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Whether we could raise or gather.
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How fast we were reproducing.
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What made us sick.
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What made us die.
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how much damage we were doing to the air and water and topsoil on which most life forms depended.
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How violent and heartless nature can be and on and on.
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Who could wax wise with so much bad news pouring in?
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For me, the most paralyzing news was that nature was no conservationist.
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It needed no help from us in taking the planet apart and putting it back together some different way, not necessarily improving it from the viewpoint of living things.
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It set fire to forests with lightning bolts.
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It paved vast tracts of arable land with lava, which could no more support life than big city parking lots.
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It had in the past sent glaciers down from the North Pole to grind up major portions of Asia, Europe, and North America.
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Nor was there any reason to think that it would not do that again someday.
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At this very moment, it is turning African farms to deserts
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and can be expected to heave up tidal waves or shower down white-hot boulders from outer space at any time.
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It has not only exterminated exquisitely evolved species in a twinkling, but drained oceans and drowned continents as well.
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If people think nature is their friend, then they have no need of an enemy.
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Yes, and as you people a hundred years from now must know full well, and as your grandchildren will know even better, nature is ruthless
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when it comes to matching the quantity of life in any
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given place at any given time to the quantity of nourishment available.
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So what have you and nature done about overpopulation?
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Back here in 1988, we were seeing ourselves as a new sort of glacier,
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warm-blooded and clever, unstoppable, about to gobble up everything and then make love and then double in size again.
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Second thought, I'm not sure I could bear to hear what you
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and nature may have done about too many people for too small a food supply.
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And here is a crazy idea I'd like to try on you.
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Is it possible that we aimed rockets with hydrogen-bombed warheads at each other, all set to go, in order to take our minds off the deeper problem?
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How cruelly nature can be expected to treat us, nature being nature, and the by and by?
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Now that we can discuss the mess we are in with some precision, I hope you have stopped choosing abysmally ignorant optimists for positions of leadership.
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They were useful only so long as nobody had a clue as to what was really going on
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during the past 7 million years or so.
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In my time, they have been catastrophic.
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They have been as heads of sophisticated institutions with real work to do.
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The sort of leader we need now
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are not those who promise ultimate victory over nature through perseverance and living as we do right now,
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but those with the courage and intelligence to present to the world what appears to be nature's stern but reasonable surrender terms.
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One, reduce and stabilize your population.
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Two, stop poisoning the air, the water, and the topsoil.
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Three, stop preparing for war and start dealing with your real problems.
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4. Teach your kids and yourselves, while you're at it, how to inhabit a small planet without helping to kill it.
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5. Stop thinking that science can fix anything if you give it a trillion dollars.
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Stop thinking.
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Your grandchildren will be okay, no matter how wasteful or destructive you may be,
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since they can go to a nice new planet on a spaceship.
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That is really mean and stupid.
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And so on, or else.
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Am I too pessimistic about life a hundred years from now?
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Maybe I've spent too much time with scientists and not enough time with speech writers for politicians.
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For all I know, even bag ladies and bag gentlemen will have their own personal helicopters or rocket belts in AD 2088.
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Nobody will have to leave home to go to work or school, or even stop watching television.
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Everybody will sit around all day, punching the keys of computer terminals connected to everything there is,
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and sip orange drink through straws like astronauts.
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Cheers, Kurt Vonnegut.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Benedict Cumberbatch reads Kurt Vonnegut's letter to the future ». Cette vidéo contient 65 phrases et 889 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 6:42. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 133 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 84 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| grandchild nom | /ˈɡɹændˌtʃaɪld/ | petit-enfant |
| topsoil nom | sol superficiel | |
| glacier nom | /ˈɡleɪ.ʃɚ/ | glacier |
| quantity nom | /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/ | quantité |
| arable adjectif | /ˈæɹəbl̩/ | arable, cultivable |
| conservationist nom | écologiste, conservationniste | |
| cruelly adverbe | /ˈkɹuːəli/ | cruellement |
| exquisitely adverbe | exquisément, exquisement | |
| exterminate verbe | /ɪkˈstɝ.mɪ.neɪt/ | exterminer |
| heartless adjectif | /ˈhɑɹt.lɪs/ | sans-cœur |
| inhabit verbe | /ɪnˈhæbɪt/ | habiter |
| nourishment nom | /ˈnɝɪʃmənt/ | nourriture |
| optimist nom | /ˈɑptɪmɪst/ | optimiste |
| overpopulation nom | /ˌoʊvɚˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ | surpeuplement, surpopulation |
| paralyze verbe | /ˈpæɹəˌlaɪz/ | paralyser |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | It's been suggested · has come · hasn't been |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | been suggested · can be expected |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 5 contractions et formes réduites, comme hasn't, I'd, I'm. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: glacier /ˈɡleɪ.ʃɚ/, nourishment /ˈnɝɪʃmənt/, overpopulation /ˌoʊvɚˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, precision /pɹɪˈsɪʒ.ən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: exterminate /ɪkˈstɝ.mɪ.neɪt/, overpopulation /ˌoʊvɚˌpɑpjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, perseverance /ˌpɝsəˈvɪɹəns/, pessimistic /ˌpɛ.səˈmɪs.tɪk/, serenity /səˈɹɛnɪti/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: heartless /ˈhɑɹt.lɪs/, inhabit /ɪnˈhæbɪt/, alcoholic /ˌæl.kəˈhɔ.lɪk/, hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: grandchild /ˈɡɹændˌtʃaɪld/, hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: grandchild /ˈɡɹændˌtʃaɪld/, arable /ˈæɹəbl̩/, cruelly /ˈkɹuːəli/, heartless /ˈhɑɹt.lɪs/, paralyze /ˈpæɹəˌlaɪz/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme grandchild, topsoil, glacier.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.