Pratique du Shadowing: Grouping Living Things - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Scientists classify organisms because it helps them understand the living world, it helps them avoid confusion, and it makes sure scientists use the same names.
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History of classification A long time ago a scientist named Aristotle made one of the first systems.
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He grouped living things into plants and animals.
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Later scientists discovered tiny organisms using microscopes, so the system changed and became more detailed.
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Today we have seven levels of classification.
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The seven levels from largest to smallest.
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Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
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A fun way to remember, King Philip came over for good soup.
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The largest group is kingdom, the smallest group is species.
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The six kingdoms.
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Today scientists divide living things into six kingdoms.
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Animal, plant, fungi, protists, eubacteria, archaebacteria.
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Each kingdom has different characteristics.
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Animal Kingdom Animals eat other organisms can move and have many cells.
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There are two main groups.
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Vertebrates with backbone, like mammals, birds, fish.
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Invertebrates, no backbone, like insects, worms, jellyfish.
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Plant Kingdom.
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Plants make their own food using sunlight and do not move.
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Types of plants include moss, ferns, conifers, like pine trees, flowering plants.
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Other kingdoms.
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Fungi like mushrooms absorb food.
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Protists, tiny, often one cell.
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Bacteria some help us, some cause disease.
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Archebacteria live in extreme places like hot springs.
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Scientific names.
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Scientists use Latin names so everyone understands.
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Each organism has two parts, genus and species.
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Example, house cat equals felis domestica.
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In conclusion, classification helps us organize and understand life.
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There are seven levels from kingdom to species.
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Scientists are still discovering new organisms today, so the system may continue to change in the future.
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Thank you for listening.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 33 phrases et 274 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 1:58. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 139 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 77 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots moins courants de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
- scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (nom) — scientifique, savant. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
- organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ (nom) — organisme. A discrete and complete living thing, such as animal, plant, fungus or microorganism.
- classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ (nom) — classification. The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or attributes.
- discover /dɪˈskʌvə/ (verbe) — découvrir. To find or learn something for the first time.
- genus /ˈd͡ʒiːnəs/ (nom) — genre. A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below family (Lat. familia) and above species.
- backbone /ˈbækˌboʊn/ (nom) — colonne vertébrale, rachis. The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.
- flower /ˈfloʊɚ/ (nom) — fleur. A colorful, conspicuous structure associated with angiosperms, frequently scented and attracting various insects, and which may or may not be used for sexual…
- conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/ (nom) — conclusion, fin. The end, finish, close or last part of something.
- confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/ (nom) — confusion, désordre. A lack of clarity or order.
- soup /sup/ (nom) — potage, soupe. Any of various dishes commonly made by combining liquids, such as water or stock, with other ingredients, such as meat and vegetables, that contribute the food…
- divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ (verbe) — diviser, fendre. To split or separate (something) into two or more parts.
- pine /paɪn/ (nom) — pin. Any coniferous tree of the genus Pinus.
- organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ (verbe) — organiser. To arrange in working order.
- characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/ (nom) — caractéristique. A distinguishing feature of a person or thing, a part of mental or physical behavior.
- moss /mɔs/ (nom) — mousse. Any of various small, green, seedless plants growing on the ground or on the surfaces of trees, stones, etc.; now specifically, a plant of the phylum Bryophyta…
Prononciation à surveiller
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/, mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/, jellyfish /ˈd͡ʒɛliˌfɪʃ/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/, classification /ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, invertebrate /ɪnˈvəːtɪbrət/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme scientist, organism, classification.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.