Pratique du Shadowing: GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND MATURATION - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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Growth, Development, and Maturation 1 Meaning of Growth Introduction Every human being changes from birth to old age.
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A small baby gradually becomes a child, then an adolescent, an adult, and finally an old person.
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During this process, many changes take place in the body and personality of an individual.
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Some changes can be seen clearly, such as an increase in height and weight.
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These physical changes are known as growth .
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Growth is one of the important aspects of human life.
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It mainly refers to an increase in the physical size of the body and its organs.
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Growth can be measured with the help of different units such as centimeters, kilograms, etc. Meaning of growth.
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The word growth means an increase in the size, height, weight, and physical structure of an individual.
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For example, when a child's height increases from 100 centimeters to 120 centimeters, it is called growth.
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Similarly, an increase in body weight, size of the brain, muscles and other body organs also comes under growth.
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Growth mainly brings quantitative changes.
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Quantitative changes are those changes that can be counted or measured.
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Examples of growth.
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Increase in height, increase in weight, increase in the size of body organs, growth of bones and muscles, increase in the size of the brain, increase in physical strength.
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Thus, growth is mainly related to the physical changes
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that take place in an individual in simple words growth means becoming bigger in size
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and body structure for example a newborn baby is very small
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but after a few years the child becomes taller
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and heavier this increase in physical size is called growth characteristics
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of growth one growth is quantitative growth mainly involves changes
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that can be measured for example height can be measured in
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centimeters weight can be measured in kilograms size of different body
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parts can also be measured therefore growth is called a quantitative
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change two growth is physical in nature growth mainly relates to
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the physical body of an individual it includes changes in height
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weight bones muscles internal organs therefore growth is mainly concerned with the physical aspect of a person 3.
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Growth can be measured.
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One important characteristic of growth is that it can be measured easily.
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For example, physical change, measurement, height, centimeters, weight, kilograms, head circumference,
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centimeters, body size, different measurements, thus, teachers, parents, and doctors can observe the physical growth of a child through measurement.
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4. Growth is a continuous process.
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Growth begins from birth and continues for a long period of life.
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However, the speed of growth is not the same at every stage.
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For example, growth is very fast during infancy.
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It becomes slower during childhood.
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It becomes rapid again during adolescence.
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Therefore, growth takes place continuously, but its rate may differ at different stages of life.
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5. Growth has a definite pattern.
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Growth generally follows a particular pattern.
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For example, a child first gains control over the head and neck and later learns to control other parts of the body.
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Similarly, physical development generally moves from simple to complex patterns.
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Thus, growth does not happen randomly, but follows a particular sequence.
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6. Growth is influenced by many factors.
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The growth of a child is affected by different factors such as heredity,
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nutrition, environment, health, exercise, family conditions, hormones.
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A healthy and nutritious environment helps a child to grow properly.
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Examples of growth in daily life.
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Some simple examples of growth are a child's height increases every year.
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The body weight of a child increases.
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Bones become longer and stronger.
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Muscles develop with age.
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The size of body organs increases.
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These examples show that growth mainly refers to physical increase.
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Elizabeth B.
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Herlock.
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Growth is defined as a change in size, in proportion, disappearance of old features, and acquisition of new ones.
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Conclusion.
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In conclusion, growth means an increase in the physical size and structure of an individual.
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It is mainly quantitative and can be measured.
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Growth is an important part of human life
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and takes place according to a particular pattern proper nutrition health
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and environment play an important role in the healthy growth of
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a child easy line to remember growth means increase in the physical size height
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and weight of an individual to meaning of development the gask
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art introduction human life is not limited only to physical growth along with the increase in height
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and weight many other changes also take place in a person
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a child learns to speak think understand solve problems control emotions and interact with others.
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These overall changes are known as development, VIGAS.
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Development is a broader concept than growth.
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Growth mainly refers to physical changes, while development includes changes in the physical, mental, emotional, social, and moral aspects of an individual.
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Meaning of Development Development means the progressive and continuous changes that take place in an individual throughout life.
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These changes help the individual to become more capable, skilled, and mature.
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Development includes changes in physical abilities, mental abilities, intellectual abilities, emotional behavior,
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social behavior, moral values, language abilities.
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Therefore, development refers to the overall growth and progress of an individual.
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Development in simple words.
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In simple language, development means the gradual improvement and overall change in an individual's personality and abilities.
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For example, when a child learns to walk, speak, read, think logically, control emotions.
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Make friends.
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Take decisions.
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These changes are part of development.
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Definitions of development.
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Development can be understood as, development is a continuous process of changes through which an individual becomes more capable and mature.
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Another simple meaning is, development is the overall progress of an individual from birth to old age.
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Areas of development.
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Development takes place in different areas of life.
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One, physical development.
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Physical development refers to changes in the body and physical abilities.
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Examples.
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Increase in height and weight.
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Development of muscles.
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Improvement in motor skills.
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Development of physical strength.
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Two.
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Mental or intellectual development.
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Mental development refers to the development of thinking and understanding abilities.
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Examples.
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Learning new things.
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Improving memory.
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Solving problems.
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Thinking logically.
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Making decisions.
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As a child grows, their ability to understand complex things gradually improves.
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Three, emotional development.
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Emotional development refers to the ability of a person to understand and control emotions.
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Examples, controlling anger, understanding feelings, expressing emotions properly, developing confidence, learning patience.
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A mature person is generally able to manage emotions better than a young child.
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Four, social development.
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Social development refers to the ability to interact
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and adjust with other people examples making friends working in groups
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cooperating with others respecting others following social rules social development helps
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an individual become an active member of society five moral development moral development refers to the development of values
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and understanding of right and wrong Examples.
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Honesty.
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Responsibility.
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Respect.
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Truthfulness.
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Justice.
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Moral development helps an individual develop good character.
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Six.
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Language development.
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Language development refers to the ability to understand and use language.
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Examples.
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Learning to speak.
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Learning new words.
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Reading.
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Writing.
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Expressing thoughts.
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Language development is very important for communication
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and learning characteristics of development one development is a continuous process development begins from birth
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and continues throughout life a person continuously learns
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and develops new abilities for example a baby learns to sit
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then learns to stand then learns to walk later the child learns to speak read
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and write therefore development is a continuous process 2.
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Development is both quantitative and qualitative.
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Development includes both measurable and non -measurable changes.
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Quantitative changes include increase in height, increase in weight.
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Qualitative changes include improvement in thinking, better emotional control, development of social skills.
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Therefore, development is broader than growth.
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3. Development takes place in different areas.
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Development does not occur in only one area.
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It includes physical development, mental development, emotional development, social development, moral development.
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All these aspects together contribute to the overall development of an individual.
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Four, development follows a pattern.
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Development generally follows a particular sequence.
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For example, a child usually learns, sit right pointing arrow, stand right pointing arrow, walk right pointing arrow, run.
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Similarly, language development also follows a sequence.
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Thus, development takes place in an organized pattern.
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5. Development is influenced by heredity and environment.
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Both heredity and environment influence development.
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Heredity includes physical characteristics received from parents, natural abilities, biological factors.
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Environment includes family, school, society, education, nutrition.
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Therefore, both heredity and environment play an important role in development.
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6. Development is individual.
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Every child develops at a different speed.
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For example, some children learn to speak earlier, some children learn to walk earlier, some students learn quickly, while others need more time.
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Therefore, development differs from person to person.
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Importance of development.
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Development is important because it helps an individual.
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Become physically capable.
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Improve thinking ability.
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Control emotions.
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Develop social relationships.
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Become responsible.
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Adjust to society.
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Develop a complete personality.
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For teachers, understanding child development is very important because every child learns and develops differently.
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Conclusion Development is the overall and continuous process of change in an individual.
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It includes physical, mental, emotional, social, and moral changes.
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Development begins from birth and continues throughout life.
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It helps an individual become more capable, skilled, and mature.
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Easy line to remember Development means overall progressive changes in the physical, mental, emotional, and social life of an individual.
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3. Meaning of maturation Introduction Some abilities develop naturally as a child grows.
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For example, a newborn baby cannot walk or run immediately.
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Even if we try to teach the baby, the baby will not be able to walk until the muscles, bones, and nervous system are sufficiently developed.
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When the body and mind become naturally ready to perform a particular function, this process is known as maturation, paripakvata.
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Maturation mainly depends on biological growth and heredity.
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Meaning of maturation.
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Maturation means the natural process through which an individual becomes physically and mentally ready to perform certain activities.
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It is mainly related to biological readiness, natural growth, heredity, development of body systems, in simple words.
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Maturation means becoming naturally ready to perform a particular activity.
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Examples of maturation.
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Some common examples are, 1.
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Learning to walk.
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A baby cannot walk immediately after birth.
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The baby's bones, muscles, and nervous system need time to develop.
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When the body becomes ready, the child gradually starts walking.
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This natural readiness is called maturation.
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2. Puberty.
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During adolescence, various physical and psychological changes take place naturally.
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These changes occur because the body reaches a particular stage of biological maturity.
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This is also an example of maturation.
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Three, learning certain skills.
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Some activities require a certain level of physical and mental readiness.
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For example, a very young child may not be ready to perform complex tasks because the necessary abilities have not yet matured.
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Therefore, learning becomes more effective
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when the child has achieved the required level of maturation definitions
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of maturation maturation can be understood as maturation is the natural process of growth through
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which an individual becomes ready to perform certain functions in simple
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words maturation is natural biological readiness characteristics of maturation one maturation
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is a natural process maturation takes place naturally according to the biological growth of an individual.
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It does not completely depend on teaching or training.
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For example, a child naturally develops the ability to walk when the body becomes ready.
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2. Maturation is mainly controlled by heredity.
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Heredity plays an important role in maturation.
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The natural pattern and timing of many biological changes are influenced by genetic factors.
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Therefore, maturation is closely connected with heredity.
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3. Maturation brings readiness.
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The main purpose of maturation is to make an individual ready
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for certain activities for example readiness to walk readiness to speak physical maturity emotional maturity thus maturation creates the capacity
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or readiness for development and learning for maturation follows a natural sequence maturation generally follows a natural
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and biological sequence for example a child usually develops control over
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basic movements before performing complex physical activities therefore maturation takes place
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according to a natural order five maturation is related to biological
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development maturation mainly depends on the development of brain nervous system muscles bones hormones other body systems
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when these systems become sufficiently developed the individual becomes ready to
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perform new functions six training cannot completely replace maturation teaching
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and practice are important
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but they cannot completely replace biological readiness for example trying to
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teach a baby to run before the body is ready will not be successful therefore learning is most effective
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when maturation and readiness are present.
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Importance of maturation in education.
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Maturation is very important for teachers and education.
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A teacher should understand that every child may not be ready to learn the same thing at the same age.
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For example, some children may need more time to develop certain skills.
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Learning should be according to the child's age and readiness.
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Teachers should not put unnecessary pressure on children.
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Educational activities should be suitable for the developmental level of students.
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Understanding maturation helps teachers provide age -appropriate education.
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Relationship between maturation and learning Maturation and learning are closely connected.
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Maturation provides readiness, while learning provides experience and practice.
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For example, a child's body may become mature enough to hold a pencil, but the child still needs practice to learn writing.
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Therefore, maturation makes learning possible, and learning improves skills through practice.
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Conclusion Maturation is the natural process through which an individual becomes physically and mentally ready to perform certain activities.
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It mainly depends on biological growth and heredity.
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Maturation provides the necessary readiness for learning and development.
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Easy line to remember.
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Maturation means the natural biological process through which an individual becomes ready to perform certain activities.
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Quick revision.
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Growth, development, and maturation.
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Growth, vridhi.
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Right arrow increase in physical size example increase in height and
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 243 phrases et 2262 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 16:31. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 137 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots moins courants de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
- readiness /ˈɹɛdinəs/ (nom) — préparation. The state or degree of being ready; preparedness.
- biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/ (adjectif) — biologique. Of or relating to biology.
- refer /ɹɪˈfɜː/ (verbe) — référer. To direct the attention of (someone toward something).
- muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (nom) — muscle. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
- moral /ˈmoɹəl/ (adjectif) — moral. Of or relating to principles of right and wrong in behaviour, especially conforming to principles of rectitude.
- skill /skɪl/ (nom) — habileté, compétence. A capacity to do something well; a technique, an ability, usually acquired or learned, as opposed to abilities that are regarded as innate.
- quantitative /ˈkwɑn.təˌteɪ.tɪv/ (adjectif) — quantitatif. Of a measurements and data types: based on some quantity or number rather than on some quality.
- naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ (adverbe) — naturellement. In a natural manner.
- bone /boʊn/ (nom) — os. A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.
- mature /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/ (adjectif) — mûr, mature. Fully developed; grown up in terms of physical appearance, behaviour or thinking; ripe.
- continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/ (adjectif) — continu, continuel. Without stopping; without a break, cessation, or interruption.
- emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ (nom) — émotion. A person's internal state of being and involuntary physiological response to an object or a situation, based on or tied to physical state and sensory data.
- sequence /ˈsiː.kwəns/ (nom) — suite, séquence. A set of things next to each other in a set order; a series.
- organ /ˈɔːɡən/ (nom) — organe. The larger part of an organism, composed of tissues that perform similar functions.
- characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/ (nom) — caractéristique. A distinguishing feature of a person or thing, a part of mental or physical behavior.
Prononciation à surveiller
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, nutrition /njuːˈtɹɪʃ.ən/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, sufficiently /səˈfɪʃəntli/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, quantitative /ˈkwɑn.təˌteɪ.tɪv/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme readiness, biological, refer.
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | can be seen · are known · can be measured |
| Possibilité avec « might / may » might/may + verbe — quelque chose de possible mais pas certain | may differ · may not be · may need |
| Conseil avec « should » should + verbe — dire ce qu’il vaut mieux faire | should understand · should be · should not put |
| Comparatifs -er than / more … than — comparer deux éléments | better than · broader than |
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.