Pratique du Shadowing: Language 3 - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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An Unusual Orphan She was born in West Africa in 1965.
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She was an orphan.
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Her mother died when she was very young.
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She didn't stay in Africa long.
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She came to the United States when she was only 10 months old.
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Alan and Beatrix Gardner, an American couple in Nevada, adopted her and named her Washoe.
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Did she learn to speak English with her new American family?
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Well, not exactly.
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Washoe was a chimpanzee, and the gardeners were language researchers.
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The gardeners, who were interested in animal communication, understood that non-human primates can't make human sounds.
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So, they taught Washoe American Sign Language, ASL.
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The gardeners avoided using speech around her so that she could learn the way a deaf child learns.
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Washoe was the first non-human to acquire a human language.
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Washoe lived at home with the gardeners.
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She liked to look through books, magazines, and catalogs.
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She especially liked shoe catalogs.
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Then, when she was five years old,
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language researchers Roger and Deborah Fouts took her to the Primate Institute at the University of Oklahoma.
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There were other chimps there that could communicate with American Sign Language.
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When Washoe met other chimps for the first time, she didn't like them.
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She called them black cats or black bugs.
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Eventually, she started to interact and talk to them.
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Researchers wanted to see if Washoe would communicate with baby chimps using ASL.
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Washoe had two baby chimps, but they died when they were very young.
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Researchers gave her a male baby chimp, Lulis, to take care of.
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Washoe quickly adopted him.
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She started signing to Lulis.
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She even taught him signs by taking his hands and showing him how to save food.
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During her life, Washoe learned about 350 signs and taught signs to younger chimps.
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Washoe died in 2007 at the age of 42.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : Washoe, chimp, Sign, language, gardeners. Cette vidéo contient 30 phrases et 303 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 2:22. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 128 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 79 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 13 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| researcher nom | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | chercheur, chercheuse |
| communicate verbe | /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ | communiquer |
| adopt verbe | /əˈdɑpt/ | adopter |
| orphan nom | /ˈɔɹfən/ | orphelin, orpheline |
| shoe nom | /ˈʃu/ | chaussure, soulier |
| bug nom | /bʌɡ/ | punaise |
| acquire verbe | /əˈkwaɪɚ/ | acquérir |
| interact verbe | /ɪn.təˈɹækt/ | interagir |
| deaf adjectif | /diːf/ | sourd, les sourds |
| chimpanzee nom | /t͡ʃɪmˈpæn.zi/ | chimpanzé |
| primate nom | /ˈpɹaɪmeɪt/ | primate |
| teach verbe | /ˈtiːt͡ʃ/ | apprendre, enseigner |
| communication nom | /kəˌmjuː.nɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ | communication |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 3 contractions et formes réduites, comme didn't, can't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: shoe /ˈʃu/, communication /kəˌmjuː.nɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, communication /kəˌmjuː.nɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/, chimpanzee /t͡ʃɪmˈpæn.zi/, teach /ˈtiːt͡ʃ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/, orphan /ˈɔɹfən/, interact /ɪn.təˈɹækt/, primate /ˈpɹaɪmeɪt/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme researcher, communicate, adopt.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.