Pratique du Shadowing: The Science of Early Childhood Development - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec YouTube

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The healthy development of young children in the early years of
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The healthy development of young children in the early years of
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life literally does provide a foundation for just about all of the challenging social problems that our society and other societies face.
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What we're learning, not just from behavioral and developmental research,
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but also now from exciting developments in neuroscience and molecular biology,
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is how much early experience from birth,
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in fact even before birth,
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how much this experience literally gets into our bodies and shapes our learning capacities,
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our behaviors, and our physical and mental health.
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The brain is basically built from the bottom up.
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First the brain builds basic circuits that are responsible for basic skills,
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and then more complex circuits are built on top of those basic circuits as we develop more complex skills.
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Biologically, the brain is prepared to be shaped by experience.
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It's expecting the experiences that a young child has to literally influence the formation of its circuitry.
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It's built into our biology.
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The interaction between genetics and experience that shapes brain architecture is embedded in the reciprocal relationships
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children have with adults in their lives.
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And by that we mean what we refer to as the serve and return nature of children's interaction with their own adults.
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Development and the impact of experience on development is not a one-way street.
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It's a back and forth interaction.
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The brain is a highly integrated organ which has multiple sections that specialize in different different kind of processes.
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So we have parts of the brain that are involved more in cognitive function
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and other parts that are involved in processing of emotion and parts involved in seeing and hearing.
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So if a child is emotionally kind of well put together and socially competent,
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that will affect more positive and productive learning.
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And if a child is preoccupied with fears or anxiety or is dealing with considerable stress,
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no matter how intellectually gifted that child might be,
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his or her learning is going to be impaired by that kind of emotional interference.
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So when we talk about healthy development in the early years,
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and particularly when we talk about preparing children to succeed in school,
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we cannot separate cognitive development from social and emotional development.
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You can't have one without the other.
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All development builds on what comes before.
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So when children experience stable,
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nurturing relationships, it fosters the development of healthy circuitry.
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When children experience uncertainty or instability or abusive or neglectful relationships,
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it literally disrupts the circuitry and the brain's architecture as it's being built.
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Over time, this has a wear and tear effect.
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And the more stress you have,
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the more causes of stress,
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and the longer your stress response,
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the more likely you are to have a whole range of problems later on.
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It can affect the immune system.
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It can affect the cardiovascular system.
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And this is why excessive prolonged stress early in life is associated with a higher prevalence later,
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not only of learning problems and behavior difficulties,
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but also physical and mental health problems.
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Because the brain is optimally flexible and plastic early in life,
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but as it develops its circuitry and refines its circuitry,
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it loses some of its flexibility,
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which is why intervening early is so important.
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Because as we often say,
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when it comes to brain circuitry,
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it's better to get it right the first time than to try to fix it later.

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Context & Background

The video titled "The Science of Early Childhood Development" delves into the critical aspects of childhood development, emphasizing the profound impact that early experiences have on a child's learning and emotional well-being. The speaker articulates the findings from various fields including neuroscience and behavioral research, underscoring how a child's environment and interactions shape their brain architecture. This foundational understanding is essential, particularly for educators and parents who aim to foster positive developmental outcomes in children.

Top 5 Phrases for Daily Communication

  • "Early experiences influence learning capacities." - This phrase encapsulates the importance of formative experiences.
  • "The brain builds circuits for basic and complex skills." - This highlights the developmental process of the brain.
  • "Stable relationships foster healthy circuitry." - A reminder of the necessity of nurturing connections.
  • "Stress impacts emotional and cognitive development." - This phrase calls attention to the detrimental effects of stress.
  • "Development is a back-and-forth interaction." - This phrase stresses the reciprocal nature of child-adult relationships.

Step-by-step Shadowing Guide

To effectively tackle the content from the video and enhance your English fluency, follow these steps using the shadowing technique:

  1. Listen Actively: Start by listening to the video without any distractions. Pay attention to the speaker's pronunciation and intonation.
  2. Repeat Immediately: After listening to a short segment (1-2 sentences), pause the video and repeat what you heard. Focus on mimicking the rhythm and pronunciation. This is a key part of shadow speak.
  3. Break Down the Vocabulary: Identify and write down new vocabulary and phrases (like those listed above) you find challenging. Research their meanings and practice using them in sentences.
  4. Practice in Context: Try to create sample dialogues using the phrases you’ve learned. This will help with embedding them into your memory, improving your IELTS speaking practice.
  5. Record Yourself: As you master the phrases, record your attempts. Listening to these recordings will help you track your progress and improve your English pronunciation over time.

By incorporating these steps into your practice, not only will you make strides in your language skills, but you'll also engage deeply with meaningful content, making your journey of learning English with YouTube both enjoyable and effective.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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