Pratique du Shadowing: Nutrition for a Healthy Life - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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42 phrases
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From the minute we're born, we're aging.
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Constant exposure to our environment, the things we eat, and stresses from both inside and outside our bodies all cause us to age over time.
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Aging is highly complex, but scientists are starting to understand what happens at the cellular and molecular levels.
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For example, healthy cells are damaged over time
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when our our immune systems shift from reacting to short-term problems like injuries
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and infections to gradually producing chronic inflammation throughout the body.
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Time also gradually shortens the telomeres that act as protective caps for our DNA-containing chromosomes.
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These and other changes make our bodies less and less able to deal with stresses from inside and outside of our body, so when damage reaches a critical level,
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our cells, tissues, and organs may no longer perform normally, and our health starts to decline.
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The changes associated with aging start to happen on some level at day one.
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We begin to experience their effects early in life.
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For example, we lose the ability to hear certain high-frequency sounds as teenagers.
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Our cognition and memory slowly decline after they peak in our mid-20s.
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The strength of our bones starts to decrease in our 30s.
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Female fertility sharply declines after 35.
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Age-related nearsightedness begins in our mid-40s.
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And our hair starts to gray and thin as early as our 30s and 40s.
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After the age of 50, the changes of aging become increasingly noticeable.
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And because aging is the biggest risk factor for most of the diseases that affect us as adults, the older we get, the higher our risk of chronic disease becomes.
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While scientists have not yet found a way to stop these processes of aging, they are learning more and more about how to maintain health throughout our lives.
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Some aspects of aging are out of our control, like our genetics and our family history,
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so we can educate ourselves about moderate risk factors and do our best to reduce them through healthy lifestyle and diet choices.
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Most of us can be healthy and active well into our later years if we take care of ourselves.
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It's no surprise that regular physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight, improve moods and sleep habits, and boost overall health.
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And it's clear that a well-balanced diet full of nutritious foods is critical to good health.
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But when it comes to understanding which foods are the best choices, much nutrition research has focused on how certain foods
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or nutrients may have a negative effect on health or even play a role in disease development.
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More recently, scientists have begun to explore
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and understand how nutrition may play a role in promoting healthy aging throughout all of life's stages.
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We are rapidly learning about what foods and nutrients should be emphasized in our diets and how they can enhance our health.
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Diets full of fruits and veggies, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and lean meats have proven health benefits like lowering blood pressure,
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improving glucose control in diabetes, weight loss, improving arthritis, and reducing the risk of cancer and cardiovascular events, to name a few.
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And we are learning more about the specific nutrients that can impact health.
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For example, plant pigments found in bright orange and red fruits and vegetables may prevent and slow the progression of eye diseases.
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Calcium helps to keep bones strong.
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B vitamins play a role in maintaining brain health.
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And flavonoids from many plants may improve the health of our cardiovascular systems.
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The bottom line is that you have the power to maintain and improve your health.
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Add vitality to your years and reduce your risk of disease.
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And it's never too late to make a change.
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To learn more about the nutrients that are critical to your health, and how to safely turn to supplements if you aren't getting enough of these nutrients in your diet,
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watch Healthy Aging with Nutrition at www.agingresearch.org slash nutrition.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Nutrition for a Healthy Life ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : aging, healthy, nutrients, diet, disease. Cette vidéo contient 42 phrases et 663 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:59. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 166 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 80 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| nutrient nom | /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ | nutriment |
| cardiovascular adjectif | /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/ | cardiovasculaire |
| chromosome nom | /ˈkɹoʊməˌsoʊm/ | chromosome |
| cognition nom | /kɑɡˈnɪʃ.ən/ | connaissance |
| legume nom | /ˈlɛɡ.juːm/ | gousse, légume |
| nearsightedness nom | /nɪəɹˈsaɪ.tɪd.nəs/ | myopie |
| nutritious adjectif | /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/ | nutritif |
| pigment nom | /ˈpɪɡ.mənt/ | pigment |
| shorten verbe | /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/ | raccourcir, écourter |
| telomere nom | /ˈtɛləmɪəɹ/ | télomère |
| vitality nom | /vaɪˈtælɪti/ | vitalité |
| arthritis nom | /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/ | arthrite |
| emphasize verbe | /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/ | souligner, accentuer |
| inflammation nom | /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/ | inflammation |
| noticeable adjectif | /ˈnəʊtɪsəbl̩/ | repérable, détectable |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has focused · have begun · have proven |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | are damaged · should be emphasized |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 3 contractions et formes réduites, comme we're, aren't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: cognition /kɑɡˈnɪʃ.ən/, nutritious /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/, shorten /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, sharply /ˈʃɑɹpli/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/, nearsightedness /nɪəɹˈsaɪ.tɪd.nəs/, vitality /vaɪˈtælɪti/, arthritis /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme nutrient, cardiovascular, chromosome.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.