跟读练习: Nutrition for a Healthy Life - 通过视频学习英语口语
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42 句
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1
From the minute we're born, we're aging.
2
Constant exposure to our environment, the things we eat, and stresses from both inside and outside our bodies all cause us to age over time.
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Aging is highly complex, but scientists are starting to understand what happens at the cellular and molecular levels.
4
For example, healthy cells are damaged over time
5
when our our immune systems shift from reacting to short-term problems like injuries
6
and infections to gradually producing chronic inflammation throughout the body.
7
Time also gradually shortens the telomeres that act as protective caps for our DNA-containing chromosomes.
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These and other changes make our bodies less and less able to deal with stresses from inside and outside of our body, so when damage reaches a critical level,
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our cells, tissues, and organs may no longer perform normally, and our health starts to decline.
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The changes associated with aging start to happen on some level at day one.
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We begin to experience their effects early in life.
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For example, we lose the ability to hear certain high-frequency sounds as teenagers.
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Our cognition and memory slowly decline after they peak in our mid-20s.
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The strength of our bones starts to decrease in our 30s.
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Female fertility sharply declines after 35.
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Age-related nearsightedness begins in our mid-40s.
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And our hair starts to gray and thin as early as our 30s and 40s.
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After the age of 50, the changes of aging become increasingly noticeable.
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And because aging is the biggest risk factor for most of the diseases that affect us as adults, the older we get, the higher our risk of chronic disease becomes.
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While scientists have not yet found a way to stop these processes of aging, they are learning more and more about how to maintain health throughout our lives.
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Some aspects of aging are out of our control, like our genetics and our family history,
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so we can educate ourselves about moderate risk factors and do our best to reduce them through healthy lifestyle and diet choices.
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Most of us can be healthy and active well into our later years if we take care of ourselves.
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It's no surprise that regular physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight, improve moods and sleep habits, and boost overall health.
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And it's clear that a well-balanced diet full of nutritious foods is critical to good health.
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But when it comes to understanding which foods are the best choices, much nutrition research has focused on how certain foods
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or nutrients may have a negative effect on health or even play a role in disease development.
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More recently, scientists have begun to explore
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and understand how nutrition may play a role in promoting healthy aging throughout all of life's stages.
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We are rapidly learning about what foods and nutrients should be emphasized in our diets and how they can enhance our health.
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Diets full of fruits and veggies, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and lean meats have proven health benefits like lowering blood pressure,
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improving glucose control in diabetes, weight loss, improving arthritis, and reducing the risk of cancer and cardiovascular events, to name a few.
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And we are learning more about the specific nutrients that can impact health.
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For example, plant pigments found in bright orange and red fruits and vegetables may prevent and slow the progression of eye diseases.
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Calcium helps to keep bones strong.
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B vitamins play a role in maintaining brain health.
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And flavonoids from many plants may improve the health of our cardiovascular systems.
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The bottom line is that you have the power to maintain and improve your health.
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Add vitality to your years and reduce your risk of disease.
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And it's never too late to make a change.
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To learn more about the nutrients that are critical to your health, and how to safely turn to supplements if you aren't getting enough of these nutrients in your diet,
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watch Healthy Aging with Nutrition at www.agingresearch.org slash nutrition.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 C1 级别的口语课以视频“Nutrition for a Healthy Life”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：aging, healthy, nutrients, diet, disease。 这段视频共有 42 个句子、663 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 3:59。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 166 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 80% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| nutrient 名词 | /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ | 養分 /养分, 營養素 /营养素 |
| cardiovascular 形容词 | /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/ | 心血管 |
| chromosome 名词 | /ˈkɹoʊməˌsoʊm/ | 染色體 /染色体 |
| cognition 名词 | /kɑɡˈnɪʃ.ən/ | 認知 /认知, 認識 /认识 |
| flavonoid 名词 | /ˈfleɪvənɔɪd/ | 黃酮類化合物 /黄酮类化合物 |
| legume 名词 | /ˈlɛɡ.juːm/ | 豆類 /豆类, 莢果 /荚果 |
| nearsightedness 名词 | /nɪəɹˈsaɪ.tɪd.nəs/ | 近視 /近视, 近視眼 /近视眼 |
| nutritious 形容词 | /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/ | 有營養 /有营养 |
| pigment 名词 | /ˈpɪɡ.mənt/ | 色素 |
| shorten 动词 | /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/ | 弄短 |
| telomere 名词 | /ˈtɛləmɪəɹ/ | 端粒 |
| vitality 名词 | /vaɪˈtælɪti/ | 生命力 |
| arthritis 名词 | /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/ | 關節炎 /关节炎 |
| emphasize 动词 | /ˈɛm.fə.saɪz/ | 強調 /强调, 著重 |
| inflammation 名词 | /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/ | 炎症, 發炎 /发炎 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | has focused · have begun · have proven |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | are damaged · should be emphasized |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 3 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 we're, aren't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: cognition /kɑɡˈnɪʃ.ən/, nutritious /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/, shorten /ˈʃɔɹtn̩/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/, sharply /ˈʃɑɹpli/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/, nearsightedness /nɪəɹˈsaɪ.tɪd.nəs/, vitality /vaɪˈtælɪti/, arthritis /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 nutrient, cardiovascular, chromosome 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。