शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Cambridge 15 Listening Test 4 With Answers | - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
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IELTS 15.
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Published by Cambridge University Press and Cambridge Assessment English 2020.
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This recording is copyright.
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Test 4.
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This is the IELTS Listening Test.
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You will hear a number of different recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear.
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There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to check your work.
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All the recordings will be played once only.
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The test is in four parts.
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At the end of the test, you will be given ten minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
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Now turn to part one.
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Part 1.
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You will hear a representative from a train company talking to a woman about her train journey.
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First you have some time to look at questions 1 to 6.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 6.
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Hello.
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Do you mind
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if I ask you some questions about your journey today? we're
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doing a customer satisfaction survey yes okay I've got about ten
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minutes before my train home leaves I'm on a day trip great thank you
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so first of all could you tell me your name it's Sophie bird thank you
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and would you mind telling me what you do I'm a journalist oh really
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that must be interesting yes it is
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so what's the reason for your visit here today work actually
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it's my day off i came here to do some shopping oh right
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but i do sometimes come here for work okay now i'd like to ask some questions about your journey today
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if that's okay yes no problem right so can you tell me
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which station you're traveling back to stormforth where i live ah
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can i just check the spelling s t a u n f i r t h that's right
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and you traveled from there this morning yes okay good
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next can i ask what kind of ticket you bought i
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assume it wasn't a season ticket as you don't travel every
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day that's right no i just got a normal return ticket i don't have a rail card
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so I didn't get any discount.
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I keep meaning to get one because it's a lot cheaper.
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Yes, you'd have saved 20 % on your ticket today.
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So you paid the full price for your ticket?
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I paid £23 .70.
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Okay.
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Do you think that's good value for money?
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Not really.
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I think it's too much for a journey that only takes 45 minutes.
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Yes, that's one of the main complaints we get.
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So you didn't buy your ticket in advance?
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No. I know it's cheaper if you buy a week in advance, but I didn't know I was coming then.
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I know.
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You can't always plan ahead.
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So, did you buy it this morning?
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No, it was yesterday.
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Right.
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And do you usually buy your tickets at the station?
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Well, I do usually, but the ticket office closes early and I hate using ticket machines.
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I think ticket offices should be open for longer hours.
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There's always a queue for the machines, and they're often out of order.
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A lot of customers are saying the same thing.
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So, to answer your question, I got an e -ticket online.
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Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 7 to 10.
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Now listen and answer questions 7 to 10.
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OK, thank you.
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Now, I'd like to ask you about your satisfaction with your journey.
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So, what would you say you were most satisfied with today?
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Well, I like the Wi -Fi on the train.
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It's improved a lot.
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It makes it easier for me to work if I want to.
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That's the first time today anyone's mentioned that.
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It's good to get some positive feedback on that.
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And is there anything you weren't satisfied with?
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Well, normally the trains run on time and are pretty reliable, but today there was a delay.
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The train was about 15 minutes behind schedule.
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OK, I'll put that down.
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Now, I'd also like to ask about the facilities at the station.
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You've probably noticed that the whole station's been upgraded.
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What are you most satisfied with?
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Erm, I think the best thing is that they've improved the amount of information about train times etc that's given to passengers.
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It's much clearer.
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Before there was only one board and I couldn't always see it properly, which was frustrating.
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That's good.
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And is there anything you're not satisfied with?
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Let's see.
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I think things have generally improved a lot.
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The trains are much more modern and I like the new cafe
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but one thing is that there aren't enough places to sit down especially on the platforms okay
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so I'll put seating down shall I as the thing you're
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least satisfied with yes okay can I ask your opinion about
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some of the other facilities mm -hmm we'd like feedback on whether people are satisfied dissatisfied
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or neither satisfied nor dissatisfied okay what about the parking at
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the station well to be honest i don't really have an opinion as i never use it
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so neither satisfied nor dissatisfied for that then yes i suppose
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so okay that is the end of part one you now have one minute to check your answers to part one
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Part 2
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You will hear the chair of a committee on park facilities addressing her local town council about changes
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that have been made to the park.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 16.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 16.
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as chair of the town council subcommittee on park facilities i'd
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like to bring you up to date on some of the changes
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that have been made recently to the croft valley park so
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if you could just take a look at the map i handed out let's begin with a general overview
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so the basic arrangement of the park hasn't changed.
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It still has two gates, north and south, and a lake in the middle.
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The cafe continues to serve an assortment of drinks and snacks, and is still in the same place,
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looking out over the lake and next to the old museum.
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We're hoping to change the location of the toilets and bring them nearer to the centre of the park, as they're a bit out of the way at present,
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near the Adventure Playground, in the corner of your map.
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The formal gardens have been replanted and should be at their best in a month or two.
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They used to be behind the old museum, but we've now used the space near the south gate,
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between the park boundary and the path that goes past the lake towards the old museum.
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We have a new outdoor gym for adults and children.
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which is already proving very popular.
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It's by the glasshouses, just to the right of the path from the south gate.
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You have to look for it, as it's a bit hidden in the trees.
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One very successful introduction has been our skateboard ramp.
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It's in constant use during the evenings and holidays.
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It's near the old museum,
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at the end of a little path that leads off from the main path between the lake and the museum.
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We've also introduced a new area for wildflowers to attract bees and butterflies.
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It's on a bend in the path that goes round the east side of the lake, just south of the Adventure Playground.
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Now, let me tell you a bit more about some of the changes to Croft Valley Park.
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One of our most exciting developments has been the Adventure Playground.
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We were aware that we had nowhere for children to let off steam
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and decided to use our available funds to set up a
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completely new facility in a large space to the north of the park.
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It's open year -round, though it closes early in the winter months, and entrance is completely free.
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Children can choose whatever activities they want to do, irrespective of their age.
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But we do ask adults not to leave them on their own there.
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There are plenty of seats where parents can relax
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and keep an eye on their children at the same time lastly the glass houses
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a huge amount of work has been done on them to repair the damage following the disastrous fire
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that recently destroyed their western side over 80 000 pounds was spent on replacing the glass walls
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and the metal supports as well as the plants
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that had been destroyed although unfortunately the collection of tropical palm trees has proved too expensive to replace up to now
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at present the glass houses are open from 10am to 3pm mondays to thursdays
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and it's hoped to extend this to the weekend soon we're
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grateful to all those who helped us by contributing their time and money to this achievement the gardens have really been
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that is the end of part two you now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part two
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Part 3 You will hear two students of social history,
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called Annie and Jack, discussing their presentation about refrigeration.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24.
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OK, Jack.
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before we plan our presentation about refrigeration let's discuss what we've discovered
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so far fine annie though i have to admit i haven't done much research yet nor me
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but i found an interesting article about ice houses i'd seen some 18th
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and 19th century ones here in the uk
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so i knew they were often built in a shady area
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or underground close to lakes that might freeze in the winter
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Then blocks of ice could be cut and stored in the ice house.
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But I didn't realise that insulating the blocks with straw or sawdust meant they didn't melt for months.
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The ancient Romans had refrigeration too.
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I didn't know that.
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Yes.
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Pits were dug in the ground and snow was imported from the mountains, even though they were at quite a distance.
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The snow was stored in the pits.
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Ice formed at the bottom of it.
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Both the ice and the snow were then sold.
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The ice cost more than the snow, and my guess is that only the wealthy members of society could afford it.
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I wouldn't be surprised.
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I also came across an article about modern domestic fridges.
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Several different technologies are used, but they were too complex for me to understand.
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You have to wonder what happens when people get rid of old ones.
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You mean because the gases in them are harmful for the environment?
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Exactly.
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At least there are now plenty of organisations that will recycle most of the components safely.
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But of course, some people just dump old fridges in the countryside.
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It's hard to see how they can be stopped, unfortunately.
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In the UK, we get rid of three million a year altogether.
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That sounds a lot, especially because fridges hardly ever break down.
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That's right.
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In this country, we keep domestic fridges for 11 years on average, and a lot lasts for 20 or more.
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So if you divide the cost by the number of years you can use a fridge, they're not expensive compared with some household appliances.
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True.
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I suppose manufacturers encourage people to spend more by making them different colours and designs.
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I'm sure when my parents bought their first fridge, they had hardly any choice.
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Yes, there's been quite a change.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 25 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30.
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Right, let's make a list of topics to cover in our presentation and decide who's going to do more research on them.
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Then later we can get together and plan the next step.
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OK.
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How about starting with how useful refrigeration is, and the range of goods that are refrigerated nowadays?
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Because, of course, it's not just food and drinks.
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No, I suppose flowers and medicines are refrigerated too. And computers.
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I could do that, unless you particularly want to.
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No, that's fine by me.
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What about the effects of refrigeration on people's health?
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After all, some of the chemicals used in the 19th century were pretty harmful but there have been lots of benefits too, like always having access to fresh food.
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Do you fancy dealing with that?
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I'm not terribly keen, to be honest. Nor me.
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My mind just goes blank when I read anything about chemicals.
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Oh, all right then.
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I'll do you a favour.
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But you owe me, Jack.
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OK.
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What about the effects on food producers, like farmers in poorer countries being able to export their produce to developed countries?
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something for you maybe i don't mind you should be quite
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interesting i think we should also look at how refrigeration has helped whole cities like las vegas
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which couldn't exist without refrigeration
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because it's in the middle of a desert right i had
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a quick look at an economics book in the library that's
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got a chapter about this sort of thing i could give you the title
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if you want to do this section not particularly to be
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honest i find economics books pretty heavy going as a rule
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okay leave it to me then thanks then there's transport
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and the difference that refrigerated trucks have made i wouldn't mind having a go at that don't forget trains too
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i read something about milk and butter being transported in refrigerated railroad cars in the USA right back in the 1840s.
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I hadn't thought of trains, thanks.
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Shall we have a separate section on domestic fridges?
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After all, they're something everyone's familiar with.
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What about splitting it into two?
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You could investigate 19th and 20th century fridges, and I'll concentrate on what's available these days,
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and how manufacturers differentiate their products from those of their competitors.
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OK, that'd suit me.
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That is the end of Part 3.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Part 3.
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Part 4.
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You will hear a history student giving part of a presentation about changes in British society in the 19th century.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Hi everyone.
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In this session, I'll be presenting my research about the social history of Britain during the Industrial Revolution.
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I particularly looked at how ordinary lives were affected by changes that happened at that time.
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This was a time that saw the beginning of a new phenomenon,
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consumerism, where buying and selling goods became a major part of ordinary people's lives.
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In fact, it was in the 19th century that the quantity
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and quality of people's possessions was used as an indication of the wealth of the country.
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Before this, the vast majority of people had very few possessions, but all that was changed by the Industrial Revolution.
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This was the era from the mid -18th to the late 19th century, when improvements in how goods were made, as well as in technology,
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triggered massive social changes that transformed life for just about everybody in several key areas.
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First, let's look at manufacturing.
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When it comes to manufacturing, we tend to think of the Industrial Revolution in images of steam engines and coal,
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and it's true that the Industrial Revolution couldn't have taken place at all if it weren't for these new sources of power.
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They marked an important shift away from the traditional water mills and windmills that had dominated before this.
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The most advanced industry for much of the 19th century was textiles.
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This meant that fashionable fabrics and lace and ribbons were made available to everyone.
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Before the Industrial Revolution, most people made goods to sell in small workshops, often in their own homes.
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But enormous new machines were now being created that could produce the goods faster and on a larger scale,
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and these required a lot more space.
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So large factories were built, replacing the workshops and forcing workers to travel to work.
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In fact, large numbers of people migrated from villages into towns as a result.
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As well as manufacturing, there were new technologies in transport, contributing to the growth of consumerism.
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The horse -drawn stagecoaches and carts of the 18th century, which carried very few people and goods and travelled slowly along poorly surfaced roads,
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were gradually replaced by the numerous canals that were constructed.
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These were particularly important for the transportation of goods.
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The canals gradually fell out of use, though, as railways were developed,
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becoming the main way of moving goods and people from one end of the country to the other.
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And the goods they moved weren't just coal, iron, clothes and so on.
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Significantly, they included newspapers, which meant
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that thousands of people were not only more knowledgeable about what was going on in the country, but could also read about what was available in the shops,
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and that encouraged them to buy more.
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So faster forms of transport resulted in distribution becoming far more efficient.
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Goods could now be sold all over the country instead of just in the local market.
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The third main area that saw changes that contributed to consumerism was retailing.
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The number and quality of shops grew rapidly,
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and in particular, small shops suffered as customers flocked to the growing number of department stores,
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a form of retailing that was new in the 19th century.
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The entrepreneurs who opened these found new ways to stock them with goods and to attract customers.
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For instance, improved lighting inside greatly increased the visibility of the goods for sale.
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Another development that made goods more visible from outside resulted from the use of plate glass,
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which made it possible for windows to be much larger than previously.
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New ways of promoting goods were introduced, too.
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Previously, the focus had been on informing potential customers about the availability of goods.
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Now, there was an explosion in advertising trying to persuade people to go shopping.
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Flanders claims that one of the great effects of the Industrial Revolution was that it created choice.
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All sorts of things that have previously been luxuries, from sugar to cutlery, became conveniences,
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and before long they turned into necessities.
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Life without sugar or cutlery was unimaginable, rather like mobile phones these days.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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We'll be right back.
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Thank you.
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the listening test.
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In the IELTS test, you would now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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You .
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We'll be right back.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
यह स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “Cambridge 15 Listening Test 4 With Answers |” पर आधारित है। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 277 वाक्य और 3102 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 31:24 लंबा है। वक्ता धीरे बोलता है, लगभग 99 शब्द प्रति मिनट, इसलिए हर ध्वनि की नकल करने का समय मिलता है। 85% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| gate संज्ञा | /ˈɡeɪ̯t/ | फाटक, द्वार |
| encourage क्रिया | /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | प्रेरित करना |
| economics संज्ञा | /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/ | अर्थनीति, अर्थशास्त्र |
| ordinary विशेषण | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | साधारण, मामूली |
| sheet संज्ञा | /ʃit/ | पत्र, चद्दर |
| feedback संज्ञा | /ˈfiːdˌbæk/ | प्रतिपुष्टि, प्रतिक्रिया |
| pit संज्ञा | /pɪt/ | गडडा |
| canal संज्ञा | /kəˈnæl/ | नहर, नाला |
| manufacturer संज्ञा | /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/ | उत्पादक |
| satisfaction संज्ञा | /sætɪsˈfækʃən/ | संतुष्टि, संतोष |
| workshop संज्ञा | /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/ | कर्मशाला, कारख़ाना |
| harmful विशेषण | /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/ | हानिकारक, अहितकर |
| topic संज्ञा | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | प्रसंग, विषय |
| railway संज्ञा | /ˈɹeɪlˌweɪ/ | रेलवे |
| formal विशेषण | /ˈfɔɹməl/ | औपचारिक |
वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब
| शब्द | अर्थ |
|---|---|
| sit down क्रिया | बैठना |
दोहराने लायक वाक्य
वीडियो के छोटे, पूरे वाक्य जिन्हें आप रोज़ की बातचीत में इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं:
- Do you think that's good value for money?
- Yes, that's one of the main complaints we get.
- What are you most satisfied with?
- Do you fancy dealing with that?
- Shall we have a separate section on domestic fridges?
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | You've probably noticed · they've improved · have generally improved |
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | will be played · will be given · been upgraded |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 60 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे didn't, don't, I'd। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “th” की ध्वनियाँ: wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, sheet /ʃit/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, workshop /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, manufacturer /ˌmænjʊˈfæktʃəɹə/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/
हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:
- /v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: workshop /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/, vast /væst/, railway /ˈɹeɪlˌweɪ/, nowhere /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/, visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/
- /z/ — इसे “ज” (/dʒ/) न बनाएँ: presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/, desert /ˈdɛz.ɚt/, visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/
- शब्द की शुरुआत में s + व्यंजन — पहले “इ” न जोड़ें: spelling /ˈspɛl.ɪŋ/, straw /stɹɔ/, snack /snæk/, skateboard /ˈskeɪt.bɔɹd/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- सामान्य गति पर एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें और हर वाक्य तब तक दोहराएँ जब तक आपकी लय वक्ता से न मिल जाए।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर gate, encourage, economics जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।