शैडोइंग अभ्यास: PHILOSOPHY - Schopenhauer - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
अभ्यास मोड चुनें
हर मोड पूरी स्क्रीन का अभ्यास कक्ष खोलता है।
101 वाक्य
यदि वाक्य बहुत छोटे या लंबे हों, तो समायोजित करने के लिए Edit पर क्लिक करें।
1
Arthur Schopenhauer was a German 19th century philosopher who deserves to be remembered today for the insights contained in his great work,
2
The World as Will and Representation.
3
Schopenhauer was the first serious
4
Western philosopher to get interested in Buddhism,
5
and his thought can best be read as a Western reinterpretation and response to the enlightened pessimism found in Buddhist thought.
6
In my 17th year, he wrote in an autobiographical text, I was gripped by the misery of life,
7
as the Buddha had been in his youth when he saw sickness, old age, pain and death everywhere.
8
The truth was that this world could not have been the work of an all -loving being,
9
but rather that of a devil who'd brought creatures into existence in order to delight in their sufferings.
10
And like the Buddha, it was Schopenhauer's goal to dissect and then come up with a solution to this suffering.
11
It's simply the fault of universities
12
that Schopenhauer has always been taught in such a dry academic way that it has stopped him from being widely known, read and followed.
13
And yet in truth, this is a man who, no less than the Buddha, deserves disciples, schools, artworks and monasteries to put his ideas into practice.
14
It's not too late.
15
Schopenhauer's philosophy starts by giving a name to a primary force within us which he says is more powerful than anything else,
16
our reason, logic or moral sense, and which Schopenhauer terms the will to life, in German the Wille zum Leben.
17
The will to life is a constant force which makes us thrust ourselves forward, cling to existence and look always to our own advantage.
18
It's blind, dumb and very insistent.
19
What the will to life makes us focus on most of all is sex.
20
From adolescence onwards, this will thrums within us, turns our heads constantly to erotic scenarios and makes us do very weird things,
21
the most weird of which is fall in love all the time.
22
Schopenhauer was very respectful of love, as one might be towards a hurricane or a tiger.
23
He deeply resented the disruption caused to intelligent people by infatuations or what we'd call crushes,
24
but he refused to conceive of these as either disproportionate or accidental.
25
In his eyes, love is connected to the most important underlying project of the will to life, and hence of all of our lives Having children.
26
Why all this noise and fuss about love, he asked.
27
Why all the urgency, uproar, anguish and exertion?
28
Because the ultimate aim of all love affairs is actually more important than all other aims in anyone's life
29
and therefore it's quite worthy of the profound seriousness with which everyone pursues it.
30
The romantic dominates life because, Schopenhauer wrote, what is decided by it is nothing less than the composition of the next generation,
31
the existence and special constitution of the human race in times to come.
32
Of course, we rarely think of future children when we're asking someone out on a date.
33
But in Schopenhauer's view, this is simply
34
because the intellect remains much excluded from the real resolutions and secret decisions of its own will.
35
Why should such deception be necessary?
36
Because for Schopenhauer, we would never reliably to reproduce unless we had first, quite literally, lost our minds.
37
This was a man deeply opposed to the boredom, routine, expense and sheer sacrifice of having children.
38
Furthermore, Schopenhauer argued that most of the time, if our intellect were properly in charge of choosing who we could fall in love with,
39
we would pick very different people to the ones we actually end up with.
40
But we're ultimately driven to fall in love, not with anyone we'll just get on with well,
41
but with people whom the will to life recognizes as ideal
42
partners for the project of producing what Schopenhauer bluntly called balanced children.
43
All of us are a little bit unbalanced ourselves, he thought.
44
We're a bit too masculine or too feminine, too tall or too short, too rational or too impulsive.
45
If such imbalances were allowed to persist or were aggravated in the next generation, the human race would within a short time sink into oddity.
46
The will to life must therefore push us towards people who can, on account of their compensating imbalances, cancel out our own issues.
47
A large nose combined with a button nose promise a perfect nose.
48
He argued that short people often fall in love with tall people and more feminine men with more assertive and masculine women.
49
Unfortunately, this theory of balancing attraction led Schopenhauer to a very bleak conclusion namely,
50
that a person who is highly suitable for producing a balanced child with is almost never,
51
though we can't realise it at the time because we've been blindfolded by the will to life, very suitable for us.
52
We should not be surprised, he wrote, by marriages between people who would never have been friends.
53
Love casts itself on people who, apart from sex, would be hateful, contemptible and even abhorrent to us.
54
The will to life's ability to further its own ends, rather than our happiness, may, Schopenhauer implied, be sensed with particular clarity in that rather scary,
55
lonely moment just after orgasm.
56
He wrote, Directly after copulation, the devil's laughter is heard.
57
Watching the human spectacle, Schopenhauer felt deeply sorry for us.
58
We're all just like animals, except because of our greater self -awareness, far more unhappy than animals.
59
There are some poignant passages where Schopenhauer discusses the lives of different animals, but he dwells especially on the mole, a stunted monstrosity, his words,
60
that dwells in damp, narrow corridors, rarely sees the light of day, and whose offspring look like gelatinous worms,
61
but which still does everything in its power to survive and perpetuate itself.
62
We're just like moles and just as pitiful.
63
We are driven frantically to push ourselves forward, we want to get good jobs to impress prospective partners, we wonder endlessly about finding the one
64
and are eventually briefly seduced by someone just long enough to produce a child
65
and then have to spend the next 40 years in misery with them to atone for our errors.
66
Schopenhauer was always beautifully and comically gloomy about human nature.
67
There is only one inborn error, he wrote, and that's the notion that we exist in order to be happy.
68
So long as we persist in this inborn error, the world will seem to us full of contradictions.
69
For at every step, in great things and small,
70
we are bound to experience that the world and life are certainly not arranged for the purpose of being happy.
71
That's why the faces of almost all elderly people are deeply edged with disappointment.
72
Schopenhauer offers two solutions to deal with the problems of existence.
73
The first solution is intended for rather rare individuals that he called sages.
74
Sages are able by heroic efforts to rise above the demands of the will to life.
75
They see the natural drives within themselves towards selfishness, sex and vanity and override them.
76
They overcome their desires, live alone, often away from big cities, never marry and can quell their appetites for fame and status.
77
In Buddhism Schopenhauer points out this person is known as a monk
78
but he recognizes that only a tiny number of us in any generation will ever go in for such a life.
79
The second and more easily available
80
and realistic therapy is to spend as long as we can with art
81
and philosophy whose task is to hold up a mirror to the frenzy efforts
82
and unhappy turmoil created in all of us by the will to life.
83
We may not be able to quell the will to life very often, but in the evenings at the theatre
84
or on a walk with a book of poetry we can step back from the day to day
85
and look at life without illusion.
86
The art Schopenhauer loved best is the opposite of sentimental, Greek tragedies, the aphorisms of La Rochefoucauld and the political theory of Machiavelli.
87
Such works speak frankly about egoism, suffering, selfishness and the horrors of married life and extend a tragic, dignified, melancholy sympathy to the human race.
88
It's fitting that Schopenhauer's own work fitted his description of what philosophy and art should do for us.
89
It too is deeply consoling in its morbid, bitter pessimism.
90
For example, he tells us, to marry means to do everything possible to become an object of disgust to each other.
91
Every life history is the history of suffering.
92
Life has no intrinsic worth, but is kept in motion merely by desire and illusion.
93
After spending a lot of time trying yet failing to be famous and trying yet failing to have good relationships,
94
towards the end of his life Schopenhauer did eventually find an audience who adored his writings.
95
He lived quietly in an apartment in Frankfurt with his dog, a white poodle whom he called Atman after the world soul of the Buddhists,
96
but whom the neighboring children less respectfully referred to as Mrs. Schopenhauer.
97
Shortly before his death a sculptor made a famous bust of him.
98
He died in 1860 at the age of 72 having achieved calm and serenity.
99
He is a sage for our own times,
100
someone whose bust should be no less widespread and no less revered than that of the Buddha he so loved.
101
Thank you.
ऐप डाउनलोड करें
धाराप्रवाह बोलने के लिए ज़रूरी सब कुछ
AI उच्चारण स्कोरहर वाक्य का स्कोर
IPA अभ्यासहर ध्वनि में महारत
शब्दावलीअपना शब्द भंडार बनाएँ
शब्द गेमखेलते हुए सीखें
उसी चैनल से
C136
The Secret to a Calm Life
British AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
Why Love NEVER Lasts FOREVER
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C159
Why Unloved People Hate Themselves #shorts #selfcare
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
Why We Go Cold On Our Partners
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
Why Parents Bully Their Children
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C150
Why Socrates Hated Democracy
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C15
PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
Your Two Options in Love After a Bad Childhood
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
PHILOSOPHY - Plato
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C242
Life is Not About Being Happy
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
How to Be Strong and Resilient
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
Are We Rejecting Them Because They’re Wrong—or Because We’re Unwell?
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
How to Get Over Someone
British AccentUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
POLITICAL THEORY - Karl Marx
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C111
Should I Choose Passion or Duty?
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
How To Get Over Rejection
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C18
How to Parent Yourself
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C18
What True Love Really Is
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
PHILOSOPHY - The Stoics
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C18
Why We Should Refuse to Get Into Arguments
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
FOR YOU
अनुशंसित वीडियो
C11
128 वाक्य
The Terrible Paradox of Self-Awareness | Fernando Pessoa
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
198 वाक्य
Hannah Arendt: The Banality of Evil Explained
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
234 वाक्य
Shiva - Let Go and Move On (Philosophy of Tantra)
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
14 वाक्य
Dead Poets Society
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
633 वाक्य
The ‘Self’ You Can’t Find with Sam Harris
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C113
69 वाक्य
Buddhist Wisdom For Inner Peace
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
220 वाक्य
The Modern World Is Designed to Destroy You | Naval Ravikant
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
83 वाक्य
3 Books That Will Change Your Life
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
85 वाक्य
AI Will End Philosophy, Physicist Claims
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
104 वाक्य
Why you want everything and do nothing
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
यह स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “PHILOSOPHY - Schopenhauer” पर आधारित है। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 101 वाक्य और 1571 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 9:21 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 168 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्वाभाविक गति से बोलता है, जो रोज़मर्रा की बातचीत के करीब है। केवल 80% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं, इसलिए शब्दावली कठिन है।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| marry क्रिया | /ˈmæɹi/ | ब्याहना, शादी करना |
| suitable विशेषण | [ˈsjuː.tə.bɫ̩] | उपयुक्त, उचित |
| feminine विशेषण | /ˈfɛmɪnɪn/ | स्त्रैण |
| misery संज्ञा | /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹi/ | दुःख, दुर्दशा |
| philosopher संज्ञा | /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/ | दार्शनिक |
| masculine विशेषण | /ˈmæskjələn/ | पौरुषेय, मर्द |
| mirror संज्ञा | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | दर्पण, शीशा |
| moral विशेषण | /ˈmoɹəl/ | नैतिक |
| awareness संज्ञा | /əˈwɛɹ.nəs/ | जागरूकता |
| happiness संज्ञा | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | Hindi: हर्ष, आनंद |
| ideal विशेषण | /aɪˈdi(ə)l/ | आदर्श, श्रेष्ठ |
| horror संज्ञा | /ˈhɒɹ.ə/ | दहशत, आतंक |
| conclusion संज्ञा | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | अंतिम |
| poetry संज्ञा | /ˈpoʊ.ə.tɹi/ | काव्य, कविता |
| narrow विशेषण | /ˈnæɹəʊ/ | तंग |
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | be remembered · be read · was gripped |
| Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी | force which makes · people who can · person who is |
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | has always been taught · we've been blindfolded |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 10 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे we're, can't, we'd। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “th” की ध्वनियाँ: worthy /ˈwɝ.ði/, furthermore /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ðə(ɹ)ˌmɔː(ɹ)/, sympathy /ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/, thrust /θɹʌst/, thrum /θɹʌm/
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: illusion /ɪˈl(j)uːʒ(ə)n/, shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/, crush /kɹʌʃ/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/, beautifully /ˈbju.tɪ.fə.li/
हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:
- /v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: dwell /dwɛl/, awareness /əˈwɛɹ.nəs/, devil /ˈdɛvəl/, worthy /ˈwɝ.ði/, overcome /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/
- /z/ — इसे “ज” (/dʒ/) न बनाएँ: misery /ˈmɪz(ə)ɹi/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/, orgasm /ˈoɹ.ɡæ.zəm/, pessimism /ˈpɛsɪmɪzəm/, aphorism /ˈæfəˌɹɪzəm/
- शब्द की शुरुआत में s + व्यंजन — पहले “इ” न जोड़ें: scary /ˈskɛə.ɹi/, stunt /stʌnt/, spectacle /ˈspɛktəkl̩/, sculptor /ˈskʌlptɚ/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर marry, suitable, feminine जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।