शैडोइंग अभ्यास: The Poverty Trap - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
1
The poverty trap represents the set of events likely to keep an individual in poverty unless an external force, like winning the lottery, intervenes.
2
Why does this trap exist?
3
Let's make it personal.
4
Imagine you're a college student, which you probably are.
5
You may be fortunate enough to own a desktop or laptop computer to help you complete your college assignments.
6
Being able to complete your assignments allows you to complete the course.
7
Completing all your courses allows you to graduate from college and then potentially get a well-paying job.
8
This means that your current investments in things like education will have a positive effect on your future income.
9
In fact, once you graduate, your future income might come close to the highest level it will reach in your life.
10
This means that the money you make today will have an exponential increase on your ability to make money in the future.
11
For each dollar you make, you are able to save and even invest that dollar for the future.
12
In this case, you are investing that dollar in education.
13
However, what would happen if your computer broke and you had to get it fixed?
14
Even as a poor student, you would probably be able to find a way to pay to get your computer fixed.
15
You might have to borrow money or sell something.
16
Regardless, you have many more opportunities to handle financial woes than someone who lives in poverty in a less developed country.
17
For people in extreme poverty, current investments in things like education will not have an immediate positive effect on future income.
18
As you can see from the new graph, money someone makes today doesn't help them make money in the future until they make a certain amount.
19
But why is this different for someone living in poverty in a less developed country?
20
Consider Grace, a poor farmer in Tanzania who raises chickens and sells them to other people in the village.
21
Grace uses the money from selling chickens to pay school fees for her children, and to buy food and clothes for them and her husband who has been sick and unable to work.
22
What little she has left over she puts into feeding and caring for the chickens, buying medicine to keep them healthy, and maybe even buying baby chicks if she can afford to.
23
In this state, Grace will be able to survive and perhaps even grow her business.
24
She could eventually raise her family out of poverty.
25
Unfortunately, however, things seldom remain stable.
26
The chicken coop will need maintenance, or a child will become sick and need to go to the doctor.
27
School fees will increase, or the cost of food will go up, or the house will need repairs.
28
In most cases throughout the developing world, there is no health insurance, home insurance, or welfare programs to help Grace with these unexpected costs.
29
In any of these situations, because Grace has very little money saved and few options for borrowing, she might have to sell all her chickens or take her children out of school to cover unexpected costs.
30
This puts her back in a similar or worse situation than the one she was in before her financial woes began.
31
This is the poverty trap.
32
It means that if you are very poor, the money you make in the present
33
or the education you receive in the present doesn't necessarily help you make more money in the future
34
because you have no resources to fall back on in the case of a financial setback.
35
Every time something goes well and you are able to save a little money, something comes along and you need to use that money to survive.
36
Many people in the developing world are likely to be stuck in this trap and not able to get out, unless some other type of intervention occurs.
37
What this intervention looks like is highly contested among academics, politicians, and even business experts.
38
But one thing is for sure, the poverty trap is real and creates major problems for billions of people, not to mention our entire global economy.
📺 उसी चैनल से
✨ अनुशंसित वीडियो
C12
197 वाक्य
Why Trillions of Foreign Aid Hasn’t Solved Poverty
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B23
197 वाक्य
The Financial Habits No One Talks About (But Everyone Needs)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B23,254
28 वाक्य
President Obama on the Importance of Education
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B21
195 वाक्य
원어민 실제 영어 표현 배우는 생활경제 뉴스 쉐도잉 리스닝 연습
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
54 वाक्य
My Rich Parents Lost All Their Money
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B236
24 वाक्य
The Economics of Happiness - Trailer
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
166 वाक्य
The 'Luxury Poverty' Trap, Explained
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
104 वाक्य
The Illusion of Africa's Economic Boom
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
24 वाक्य
Poverty Reduction Achievements – The Right to a Life of Prosperity and Happiness - VNAMedia
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
12 वाक्य
What is Poverty? | Discover Child Poverty - Compassion International
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2274 वाक्य
Unlock the Secret Power of Generosity
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
451 वाक्य
The Things Money Can't Buy 🌱 ｜ Real English Conversation
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 38 वाक्य और 689 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 3:24 लंबा है। वक्ता तेज़ बोलता है, लगभग 202 शब्द प्रति मिनट, इसलिए जुड़ी हुई और कमज़ोर ध्वनियाँ ज़्यादा मिलेंगी। 89% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं, इसलिए शब्दावली आसान है।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 कम प्रचलित शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
- poverty /ˈpɑːvɚti/ (संज्ञा) — ग़रीबी, निर्धनता. The quality or state of being poor; lack of money
- intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/ (संज्ञा) — हस्तक्षेप, मुदाख़लत. The action of intervening; interfering in some course of events.
- assignment /əˈsaɪn.mənt/ (संज्ञा) — नियुक्ति. The act of assigning; the allocation of a job or a set of tasks.
- necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ (क्रिया विशेषण) — अवश्य, अनिवार्यतः. Inevitably; of necessity.
- stable /ˈsteɪ.bəl/ (संज्ञा) — गोष्ठ, अश्वालय. A building, wing or dependency set apart and adapted for lodging and feeding (and training) ungulates, especially horses.
- occur /əˈkɜː/ (क्रिया) — बीतना. To happen or take place.
- welfare /ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/ (संज्ञा) — कल्याण, कौशल. Health, safety, happiness and prosperity; well-being in any respect.
- resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ (संज्ञा) — संसाधन. Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.
- laptop /ˈlæp.tɑp/ (संज्ञा) — लैपटॉप. A laptop computer.
- politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/ (संज्ञा) — राजनीतिज्ञ, नीतिज्ञ. One engaged in politics, especially an elected or appointed government official.
- farmer /ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/ (संज्ञा) — किसान. A person who works the land and/or who keeps livestock; anyone engaged in agriculture on a farm.
- chick /t͡ʃɪk/ (संज्ञा) — चूज़ा. A young bird.
- graph /ɡɹæf/ (संज्ञा) — लेखाचित्र, ग्राफ़. A data chart (graphical representation of data) intended to illustrate the relationship between a set (or sets) of numbers (quantities, measurements or…
- cloth /klɒθ/ (संज्ञा) — कपड़ा, पारचा. A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use. Sometimes…
- borrow /ˈbɑɹ.oʊ/ (क्रिया) — उधार लेना. To receive (something) from somebody temporarily, expecting to return it.
वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब
- come along (क्रिया) — साथ चलना, साथ आना. To accompany.
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 3 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे doesn't, you're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: intervention /ɪntɚˈvɛnʃən/, unexpected /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर poverty, intervention, assignment जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।