शैडोइंग अभ्यास: The Three NPI Phases Explained - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
1
Then you say you start your NPI process
2
and this is comprised of three phases and after
3
that it's really ready for ongoing mass production and ramp up of the volumes, right?
4
Correct.
5
So what are these three phases?
6
So the three phases are engineering validation, design validation, and production validation.
7
Some people, a lot of people are familiar with these terms
8
but they're not familiar with what the actual meaning is and how you qualify from one phase to the next.
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So a lot of people have misinterpreted this to mean that you've got three chances to build it and get it right.
10
That's not correct.
11
Each phase has different meaning.
12
So the engineering validation you want to prove out from an engineering point of view that your tooling is good, your enclosures are good, your PCBA is good,
13
that your features are all present and that your device is working as intended.
14
At the end of an ADT build you should sit in a room with all of your engineers
15
and all of them can say that their functions have been complete and this product is performing as expected.
16
So the output is not only a prototype that's much closer to what's intended
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because it is made this time with the same manufacturing process as it is intended, it also comes on the supply chain side with a BOM,
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so you already started to select the component suppliers, you've been working very closely with obviously also the assembly and testing supplier.
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On the technical side you've gone into all the details of the design, the mechanical design, engineering design, the firmware design and so on.
20
Is that correct?
21
That's correct, yes.
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So that EBT part that you've built should be fully representative of your supply chain and your processes.
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This C1 speaking lesson is built on the video “The Three NPI Phases Explained”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: phase, design, validation, correct, engineering. This video has 22 sentences and 301 words to shadow. The speech runs for 1:50. The speaker talks at a natural 164 words per minute, close to everyday conversation. 88% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 14 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| validation noun | /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/ | The act of validating something. |
| intend verb | /ɪnˈtɛnd/ | To fix the mind upon (something, or something to be accomplished); be intent upon |
| supplier noun | /səˈplaɪə/ | One who supplies; a provider. |
| select verb | /sɪˈlɛkt/ | To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options. |
| output noun | /ˈaʊtpʊt/ | Production; quantity produced, created, or completed. |
| mechanical adjective | /məˈkænəkəl/ | Related to mechanics (the branch of physics that deals with forces acting on matter). |
| component noun | /kəmˈpoʊ.nənt/ | A smaller, self-contained part of a larger entity. Often refers to a manufactured object that is part of a larger device. |
| ongoing adjective | /ɒnˈɡəʊ.ɪŋ/ | Continuing, permanent, lasting. |
| qualify verb | /ˈkwɑ.lɪ.faɪ/ | To describe or characterize something by listing its qualities. |
| prototype noun | /ˈpɹəʊtətaɪp/ | An original form or object which is a basis for other forms or objects (particularly manufactured items), or for its generalizations and models. |
| comprise verb | /kəmˈpɹaɪz/ | To be made up of; to consist of (especially a comprehensive list of parts). |
| enclosure noun | /ɛnˈkloʊʒəɹ/ | Something that is enclosed, i.e. inserted into a letter or similar package. |
| firmware noun | A permanent form of software that provides a low-level control of computing device hardware. | |
| misinterpret verb | /ˌmɪs.ɪnˈtɜː.pɹɪt/ | To make an incorrect interpretation; to misunderstand. |
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | have misinterpreted · have been · you've gone |
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | is comprised · is made |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 5 contractions and reduced forms, such as you've, they're. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, enclosure /ɛnˈkloʊʒəɹ/
- Long words — get the stress right: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, mechanical /məˈkænəkəl/, misinterpret /ˌmɪs.ɪnˈtɜː.pɹɪt/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like validation, intend, supplier.
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।