Pratica di Shadowing: DFM And DFA Explained - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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Hello everybody, this is Runa Andjeran and I'm joined by Andrew Amrinovin
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and we are going to cover the topic of design for manufacturing
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and design for assembly and what engineers need to know when designing a new product.
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Hi Andrew.
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So what does it mean design for manufacturing?
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Hello Renaud, good to be here.
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Thank you for inviting me.
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Well design for manufacturing is one of the most important design basically elements when it comes to designers.
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that is where you want to make sure
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that design is manufacturable easy to manufacture
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and you want to implement a system of design so
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that there's only one way for the user at the end
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end user to be able to use the product during the manufacturing manufacturing,
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of course, you want to make sure that the assembly of the
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parts are simplified in and so that there is basically less of a mistake possible
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or they call it also mistake proofing the assembly.
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So that's called design for assembly during the manufacturing.
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Right.
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And so you also covered design for assembly.
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Design for manufacturing, usually people say that when it comes to the fabrication of parts and design for assemblies, how to put it together.
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But really the principles, the approach is pretty similar.
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So let's cover a few things that designers need to keep in mind.
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And the first one is that when you design custom parts that are not standard off the shelf, they're not available right there,
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out there in the market, they actually can be fabricated with the process that you have in mind for mass production.
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Does that make sense?
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Yeah, it does.
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And I think there are a lot of ways to fabricate parts.
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There are 3D printing nowadays and there are injection molding.
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There are many ways to actually fabricate parts, but at the end of the day,
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you wanna simplify the design so that they're easy to be manufactured and easy to be fabricated.
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Right, at the intended volume, right?
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So you mentioned 3D printing versus plastic injection molding.
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Correct.
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If you wanna make 50 pieces, maybe 3D printing is gonna be fine, but if mass production is gonna be batches of 10,000,
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you get to think of injection molding right absolutely
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the the second one is a related point is whenever you can do not custom design
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some parts whenever you can if you can find standard off the shelf products on the market
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use them
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and simplify your product remove the risks remove the extra cost remove the the the time to make the molds
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and so on and so forth do you have an example
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or would you want to go deeper into this yeah that's correct now nowadays a lot of the components
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and so-called after shift parts are pretty much approved in terms of technology,
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in terms of production, and they are very much improved compared to 10, 20 years ago in terms of reliability and quality.
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So a lot of these, and you have a lot of different kinds of parts that are standardized nowadays.
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You have actives, passives, you know, for example, caps, resistors, inductors, as well as ICs, semiconductors.
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These are all a lot of these, including some connectors that are already off the shelf approved parts.
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And there are plenty of vendors out there.
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And a lot of times these parts are readily available
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and in stock so there's no need to redesign
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or reinvent the wheel per se
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and you just need to contact the supplier of your choice
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and get some samples and try it in your design
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and then if it works you can actually get a good deal cheap readily available parts right away right so um obviously
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if you need a very nice, let's say enclosure with your own design, you're not going to find that out in the market, but especially for internal parts as much as possible.
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Correct.
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Try to go standard of the shelf, we'll save you some time, some money and reduce the risk actually quite a bit.
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Right.
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Exactly.
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The next point, when you design the product as early as possible, you need to think, okay,
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how is this going to be made with what production process and what's the material going to be?
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And some people come to us and they say well this is probably going to be some plastic
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but aluminum might be okay also and so on and they really haven't thought through this
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so the design is far far far from complete.
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Does that make sense?
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Yes, it does.
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I think that this is where collaboration with different functions within the team is extremely important.
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I think designers need to be in touch with the ID Department Industrial Design team, as well as the program managers, customer requirements requirements
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and really at the end of the day they need to
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understand how this product is going to be used at the end
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so needs to be designed with the processes and materials
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that are in hand in mind so
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that everything will move smoothly absolutely the next point is think also of the color
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and finish and I'm talking to mechanical designers mostly here when you do your your 2D drawings
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this should be mentioned on the drawing if you don't put
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that down and
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if you don't already think about it well this is also related to the to the process
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and the material that you need to pick.
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If you pick a process that's maybe that leads to very porous parts like die casting and you want to anodize it,
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you will probably probably run into issues, right?
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This is just an example.
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Have you run into that?
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Yeah, I think that's a great point because a lot of times younger MEs,
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mechanical engineers, forget about the color or finish until towards the end
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and what happens is that different materials absorb and all reflect color
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and the finish differently
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and you end up having for example let's say you have two different kind of materials and you're supposed to have
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one color for both and then you end up having two tones two different colors
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that id will reject then you'll have delays in product delivery to market
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so it's very important right from the beginning uh establish a well-known approved vendor for material and and color and paint
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so that you can actually get some color chips
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and materials samples right up front
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so you can actually get it approved for the project as
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soon as possible yeah that's a great point yes reduces risk a lot.
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Exactly.
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And the last one and you touched on a little bit when you introduced the topic assembly.
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You have production operators, they're not university graduates.
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They're not going to think deeply about how things have to be put together.
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It's got to be, you know,
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broken down to the right degree at least and it's got to be relatively obvious how to put the parts together, right?
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Yeah, exactly.
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Assembly is one of the most important parts of the production.
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Many designers forget the fact that actually they're going to be operators and manual assembly on some of these parts,
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parts which can greatly impact the reliability and quality
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and testing of these assembled units or modules
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so it is very important for designers actually be in the assembly line
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and actually observe how these units are being assembled
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and they will have a better idea of how to design it next time yeah
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if possible engineers should put prototypes together themselves they will have an idea
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so exactly yes and it's it's also true for packing um
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and the same thing so thanks a lot andrew
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that was a good uh good overview of this topic
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and let's go into the next one in the next video thank you great thanks for having me thank you
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 112 frasi e 1329 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 9:35. Chi parla mantiene un ritmo costante di circa 139 parole al minuto, comodo per lo shadowing. Il 88% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è facile da seguire.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| designer sostantivo | /dɪˈzaɪnɚ/ | designer, progettista |
| approve verbo | /əˈpɹuːv/ | approvare |
| shelf sostantivo | /ʃɛlf/ | scaffale, mensola |
| mold sostantivo | /moʊld/ | muffa |
| topic sostantivo | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | tema, categoria |
| nowadays avverbio | /ˈnaʊ.ə.deɪz/ | oggidì, oggigiorno |
| injection sostantivo | /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/ | iniezione |
| custom sostantivo | /ˈkʌstəm/ | usanza, costume |
| mechanical aggettivo | /məˈkænəkəl/ | meccanico |
| operator sostantivo | /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/ | operatore |
| requirement sostantivo | /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ | requisito |
| reliability sostantivo | affidabilità, attendibilità | |
| vendor sostantivo | /ˈvɛn.dɚ/ | venditore, venditrice |
| assemble verbo | /əˈsɛm.bəl/ | assemblare, montare |
| tone sostantivo | /ˈtəʊn/ | tono |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| end up verbo | andare a finire, finire |
| put together verbo | assemblare, montare |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 18 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come they're, don't, gonna. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: shelf /ʃɛlf/, injection /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/, enclosure /ɛnˈkloʊʒəɹ/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: mechanical /məˈkænəkəl/, operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/, collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/, differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/, aluminum /əˈlu.mɪ.nəm/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come designer, approve, shelf.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.