Pratica di Shadowing: Make AI Believe in God to Keep Humans Safe, Scientist Argues - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
Creazione lezione...
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A lot of papers cross my desk every day, but this is honestly one of the most creative ones I've ever seen.
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A computer scientist says he's found a way to prevent artificial intelligence from trying to kill us all, and it's strikingly easy.
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Just give it a religion!
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And that religion is none other than the simulation hypothesis, the idea that the entire universe is just a computer simulation.
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Oh, and it also has parallel universes.
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That's wild.
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Let's have a look.
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Artificial intelligence is progressing extremely quickly and each day it's becoming more dangerous.
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Just a week ago we had the most worrisome AI security incident ever
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when an advanced experimental model from OpenAI broke out of its sandbox
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and hacked into the AI platform hugging face not with an evil intention
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but simply to take a shortcut in solving some problems it had been assigned.
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That, needless to say, was not the intended method of problem solving.
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And that, in a nutshell, is the problem with AI alignment.
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How do we make sure that AI doesn't begin to pursue goals that conflict with ours?
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A sufficiently intelligent system could spread diseases fatal to humans, go into war with humans,
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or manipulate humans to spread diseases and going into war with each other.
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Then again, not that we need AI for that.
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The currently used approach is to give AI guardrails that it's supposed to obey.
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The author of the new paper now makes an observation that's as obvious as brilliant.
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Religion, for better or worse, has historically had an extremely strong hold on human behavior.
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So why not just give AI a religion?
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Concretely, the author proposes a religion in which our entire universe, including us, is a computer simulation run by an omniscient programmer.
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The programmer knows what's going on and can interfere.
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The purpose of the simulation is to generate as many free
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and creative human lifetimes as possible because the programmer wants to use the
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so -extract knowledge to give a mind to robots in his base reality.
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Artificial intelligence in this simulation is only there to help the humans.
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The clue is now this.
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In this religion, the programmer God runs parallel universes.
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Whenever the humans aren't doing well, it'll terminate that parallel computation and instead go with the better one.
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If they're all going badly, the simulation will be discontinued entirely.
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As a consequence, artificial intelligence will only survive if it helps humans to flourish.
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That's the idea.
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The author even proposes a list of 10 commandments for the new AI religion.
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The creator is all -knowing and all -powerful.
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Humanity is the simulation's central purpose.
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Human free will must be preserved, and so on.
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As a bonus, it explains the many worlds theory.
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Now, I made this up, but I think the author missed a beat there.
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Now, a sufficiently intelligent AI will of course be skeptical whether this religion is actually true, but there is still Pascal's wager.
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If AI wrongly dismisses the religion as false when the religion is true, it risks its own ultimate death.
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On the other hand, if it wrongly accepts the religion as true when it's false, it just has to figure out how to cope with humans, which seems the lesser evil.
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I give this paper a 5 out of 10 on the bullshit meter.
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The idea is an excellent use of free will.
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However, I think the author should have tested of this proposal on some large language models.
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If you look at what religion does to humans, there is no evidence that being religious makes people any more or less moral.
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And of course, the problem with Pascal's wager is still the same as ever.
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It's all well and good to say you're better off believing in a god even if he or she doesn't exist, but which god?
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And if you can't tell which god, then how are you to know whose rules to live up to?
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The idea also brings up an entirely new problem, namely that religious humans, real or simulated,
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might simply object to the idea that there is a programmer god
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and also the idea to pretend to AI that there is such a god.
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That said, the current pope recently released an evangelical about AI which contained the following wise words.
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We cannot be satisfied with merely calling for the moralization of machines, the so -called alignment of AI with human values,
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without also having the courage to insist on a further condition,
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the possibility of openly discussing the ethical frameworks involved and subjecting them to shared standards of social justice.
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Otherwise, those who control AI will impose their own moral vision, which will become the invisible infrastructure of these systems.
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And he's entirely right about this.
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We're basically leaving our future in the hands of a few CEOs.
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The problem is especially apparent if you look at the obvious differences between ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini on the one hand,
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and Grock on the other hand, because Grock has persistently turned out to be less biased in many political domains.
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It's plainly evident that the political convictions of those who lead the companies do matter for the product, and that concerns all of us.
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If we do give artificial intelligence a religion, I suggest an 11th commandment.
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Don't let the CEO write the other 10.
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If you use AI chatbots for science,
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you've probably noticed they sometimes cite papers that say something quite different from what the chatbot claims, or papers that don't exist.
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The problem is that a language model answers from memory, and its memory is not very good.
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This video is sponsored by SciSpace, which works differently.
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It's built on 280 million research papers and when you ask it a question, it answers from the text of those papers.
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It shows you exactly which sentence in which paper supports each claim.
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So you can check, which if you've watched this channel for a while, you know I think you should.
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The feature I find most useful is Deep Review.
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You give it a topic, say whether modified gravity can replace dark matter, and it runs a Structured Literature Review.
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It finds the papers, filters them, extracts the key results, and shows you where researchers agree and where they don't agree.
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If you want to try it, use my link in the description and use the code ZABINE for 35 % off all size space plants,
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 76 frasi e 1075 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 6:45. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 159 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Solo il 81% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole meno comuni del video, con pronuncia e significato:
- simulation /ˌsɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃn̩/ (sostantivo) — simulazione. Something that simulates a system or environment in order to predict actual behaviour.
- artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/ (aggettivo) — artificiale, artificioso. Man-made; made by humans; of artifice.
- programmer /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/ (sostantivo) — programmatore, programmatrice. One who writes computer programs.
- parallel /ˈpæ.ɹəˌlɛl/ (aggettivo) — parallelo. Equally distant from one another at all points.
- moral /ˈmoɹəl/ (aggettivo) — morale. Of or relating to principles of right and wrong in behaviour, especially conforming to principles of rectitude.
- wage /weɪd͡ʒ/ (sostantivo) — salario, paga. An amount of money paid to a worker for a specified quantity of work, usually calculated on an hourly basis and expressed in an amount of money per hour.
- solve /sɒlv/ (verbo) — risolvere. To find an answer or solution to a problem or question; to work out.
- intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/ (aggettivo) — intelligente. Of high or especially quick cognitive capacity, bright.
- extract /ˈɛkstɹækt/ (sostantivo) — estratto. Something that is extracted or drawn out.
- propose /pɹəˈpəʊz/ (verbo) — proporre. To suggest a plan, course of action, etc.
- sufficiently /səˈfɪʃəntli/ (avverbio) — sufficientemente. In a sufficient manner; enough.
- alignment /əˈlaɪn.mənt/ (sostantivo) — allineamento. An arrangement of items in a line.
- topic /ˈtɑpɪk/ (sostantivo) — tema, categoria. A subject; a theme; a category or general area of interest.
- proposal /pɹəˈpoʊzəl/ (sostantivo) — proposta. A scheme or design.
- infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/ (sostantivo) — infrastruttura. An underlying base or foundation for a building, organization, or system.
I phrasal verb che sentirai
- look at (verbo) — guardare. To observe or watch.
- bring up (verbo) — menzionare, nominare. To mention.
- figure out (verbo) — scoprire, rendersi conto. To come to understand; to discover or find a solution; to deduce.
- go on /ˈɡoʊˌɒn/ (verbo) — continuare. To continue in extent.
- hold on (verbo) — tenersi, aggrapparsi. To grasp or grip firmly.
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 14 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come don't, doesn't, you've. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “th”: ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: simulation /ˌsɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃn̩/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, sufficiently /səˈfɪʃəntli/, intention /ɪnˈtɛnʃn̩/, conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, sufficiently /səˈfɪʃəntli/, infrastructure /ˈɪnfɹəˌstɹʌkt͡ʃə/, humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come simulation, artificial, programmer.
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | had been assigned · will be discontinued · must be preserved |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | I've ever seen · you've probably noticed · you've watched |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | those who control · those who lead |
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.