Pratica di Shadowing: Sam Harris basically breaks down the secret to life (again) - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
Creazione lezione...
1
You've got the cacophony of the unpleasant experience, and then you've got this place in the middle of it, or apparent place in the middle of it,
2
from which you're trying to resist this experience, right?
3
Or trying to figure out how to change it, right?
4
So let's say you have a terrible pain, you know, somewhere in your body.
5
You know, there's the pain, there's the strong stimulus of unpleasant sensation, you know, the burning and stabbing and twisting feeling.
6
And then there's this reaction to it from apparently some point outside the pain, very likely, you know, for most people up in the head.
7
I mean, most people feel like they're a subject in their heads
8
that is not truly coincident with the rest of their body.
9
Most people, for the most part, don't feel identical to their bodies.
10
They feel like they have bodies and these bodies can misbehave in various ways.
11
And again, so you have a terrible pain, the pain's down there.
12
Let's say it's in your knee.
13
You're up here now a hostage being tortured by the misbehavior of the rest of your body, right?
14
And you're trying to find some way of resisting these sensations.
15
And so it is with emotional distress or unpleasant thoughts, right? you know, that you can have thoughts that terrorize you.
16
And all of it seems to suggest, I mean, this is, you know, this is the extreme case of stark unhappiness.
17
But even in the best of times, right, even when things are going really well, and every experience is very smooth, and we're getting what we want, and that, you know, we,
18
you know, our favorite treats are just an arm's length away, and we're filling our mouths with gumdrops or whatever it is,
19
we're gratifying this thing at the center of our experience.
20
And it can never be finally gratified because experience itself is impermanent.
21
It's just, you know, it's just, you get to the thing you want and you gorge yourself on it.
22
And then not only - Then you want a new thing.
23
You want a new thing.
24
Then you need a drink of water because this lingering taste in your mouth of chocolate mousse or whatever it is, is too cloying and too much.
25
And you got to wash that out so that you just, I mean, you wouldn't want to stay in that state even if you could.
26
And there's kind of this rolling dissatisfaction, even in satisfaction, that we all encounter, even in the best of times, right?
27
Even when you literally can get anything, more or less anything you want.
28
And yet we know, at any moment, it can be subverted by something terrible happening.
29
You know, at any moment, you can suddenly feel like you might be having a heart attack, right?
30
And then that becomes the thing that the sense of me in the middle of everything collapses upon.
31
And it makes life, I mean,
32
again, the sense of being in this vulnerable center,
33
it makes life this kind of long emergency that can be pacified by increasingly strenuous efforts to control experience, right?
34
We have to control this thing because at any moment, we're constantly, if you just look at...
35
At any moment, we might die.
36
Yeah, we're avoiding death, you know, but even, you know, even for those of us who don't think about death very often, and there are those people,
37
we're constantly modifying our experience so as to avoid discomfort,
38
whether it's social discomfort or physical discomfort, or just every every correction in our body.
39
I mean, if you just try to sit still for an hour, you'll notice that all of the micro adjustments in posture that you're now no longer making
40
are made because you really don't have to wait long before you feel miserable.
41
I mean, your body, the amount of pain you can get just sitting in the most comfortable chair you can find in your home
42
and just resolving not to move is quite extraordinary.
43
It's just, you know, it's, it's just, there's no position that's comfortable enough that it will be comfortable an hour from now.
44
And so it is in fact true to say that for most people, I mean, literally 99 .9 % of our audience,
45
they couldn't pay attention to the breath for a full minute, say, even if their lives depended on it, right?
46
It's just like, it's simply not in the cards.
47
It's not, it's, you know, the fate of the world could depend on it.
48
And someone who's not really fairly well trained in this just couldn't do it.
49
And so that's interesting, right?
50
What's interesting is that despite your best efforts, you get carried away by thought helplessly moment after moment.
51
Now.
52
Being able to break that spell, being able to see thought as thought, eventually once you get some degree of mindfulness in hand,
53
you no longer confine your attention to the breath or any other arbitrary object.
54
You begin to open it up to everything you can possibly experience.
55
So it's just, you know, sights and sounds and sensations and emotions and thoughts themselves can become objects of mindfulness,
56
but when you can, but this is where, this is the kind of the crucial, you know, kind of almost binary difference,
57
which produces an immense amount of psychological benefit.
58
The moment you can really notice thoughts themselves as appearances in consciousness rather than what you are in each moment.
59
Because what happens is, in the default case, the thoughts kind of creep up from behind us in some sense.
60
They kind of come out of nowhere.
61
And that just feels like me, right?
62
So I'm, you know, I'm trying to...
63
It's a reflex of identification.
64
Well, you wouldn't act the damn things out if they didn't feel like you, you know?
65
And so they have to have that impulse to action in them that's part of felt identity.
66
Right.
67
So you're saying that you're saying, and this is part of, I suppose, part of the Buddhist tradition,
68
particularly, although not only that being the puppet of those thoughts is part of what prolongs suffering,
69
at least under some circumstances, especially being the puppet of them.
70
Yes.
71
Okay.
72
Yeah.
73
And so, and so this is so, but the people, you know, listening to us now can feel this.
74
So, you know, the, you know, we're talking and people are trying to understand the thread of this conversation, but it's that they have a voice in their head that's competing with this, right?
75
They, you know, they're trying to listen to us, but they're also thinking, right?
76
And they think, so they might think, well, what the hell is he talking about?
77
Right?
78
Like there's just some, some intrusive thought comes in or like, oh, no, wait a minute.
79
He didn't answer the question that thought that that feels
80
if you're identified with it if you don't see it as mere language appearing in consciousness
81
or mere imagery right it feels like me it's like
82
that is the self
83
that isn't it feels like what i believe yeah that's interesting
84
yeah well one of the things you do in clinical work
85
all the time especially in the cognitive behavioral field is you
86
help people identify those thoughts in some sense as as objects
87
that yeah to no longer identify with them
88
and to say you know just because you think
89
that it's not necessarily true it's not necessarily you
90
and it's not necessarily helpful yeah
91
and it is it does have this dream like character of both coming out of nowhere
92
and seizing completely seizing the reins of attention and identity and taking us elsewhere.
93
And also we forget it, it has a...
94
That's part of the totalitarian spirit of rationality, that proclivity.
95
Well, but a lot of these thoughts aren't rational.
96
It's just, you're just rehearsing your experience.
97
It's just like, I mean, you'll tell yourself the same thing 10 times in a row and never, and you won't be bored on the 10th time.
98
You'll, like, if you just imagine
99
what it would be like to externalize your thoughts on a loud speaker for everyone to listen to, you know, and you were just, it was just helplessly, you know, externalized.
100
Every, every normal person would sound insane, you know, because, because of the, the perseveration and the, and the, just the redundancy and the,
101
and the strange structure to the discursiveness this.
102
I mean, this is ever -present.
103
It's so ever -present that it doesn't strike people as strange.
104
But to be presuming...
105
We have a dialogue with ourselves as though the eye could talk to the me and that made any sense at all.
106
It's like, you know, I'm sitting here
107
and you're getting set up for this interview right
108
and i i'll think um oh i gotta get some water right now i know
109
if i'm the one to say it
110
and i'm the one to hear it i know i need
111
water who am i telling yeah it's like it's like i'm
112
telling someone else right who needs to be informed about this well you're probably telling the prefrontal cortex
113
and it tells the motor cortex
114
so you know it's that's probably the hypothalamus talking to the prefrontal cortex
115
because it doesn't have direct output over the motor cortex.
116
It's something like that.
117
Yeah.
118
Yeah.
119
So there are two levels at which we can address this problem of thought and its connection to suffering.
120
And one is at the level of thought itself, right?
121
So you can replace bad thoughts with better thoughts.
122
And you can get some, you can triangulate on your tendency to have one kind of conversation with yourself and engineer a better conversation with yourself, right?
123
And that's, you know, yes, in cognitive behavioral therapies.
124
Yeah, you can stop thinking like a six -year -old, for example, and start thinking like a 30 -year -old.
125
Right, right.
126
And what's more, a 30 -year -old that actually has good intentions for you, right?
127
Like a friend, right?
128
Yes, right, right.
129
You can make your mind your friend.
130
Yeah, yeah, a loved one even.
131
Yes, yeah, yeah, can you imagine that?
132
Yeah, imagine that.
✨ Video consigliato
C16
19 frasi
The Secret to a Calm Life
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
290 frasi
Why Is Everyone So Unhappy?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
245 frasi
Pointless Ancient Instincts YOU Still Fight Daily
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
79 frasi
How to Stay Present and Mindful in Everyday Moments
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
131 frasi
Why is Life Unfair to Me? | Samantha Ruth Prabhu Asks Sadhguru
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
200 frasi
The Psychology of People Who Always Listen to Sad Music
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
18 frasi
Will Smith EXPOSES the Truth About Fame, Money & Happiness | 'Nothing Will Ever Be Enough' | REVOLT
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
104 frasi
You're Too Self-Aware to Be Happy | The Psychology of Deep Thinkers
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
132 frasi
The Root of Sorrow is Attachment by Anthony De Mello
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
97 frasi
Jordan Peterson - You Need a Routine!
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B24
207 frasi
It took me 35+ years to realize what Naval Ravikant will tell you in 10 minutes...
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2136 frasi
Are you making yourself miserable?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 132 frasi e 1715 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 10:19. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 166 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 89% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| necessarily avverbio | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | necessariamente, a tutti i costi |
| sensation sostantivo | /sɛnˈseɪʃən/ | sensazione, senso |
| unpleasant aggettivo | /ʌnˈplɛzn̩t/ | spiacevole, sgradevole |
| discomfort sostantivo | /dɪsˈkʌmfɚt/ | malessere, turbamento |
| suffer verbo | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | soffrire, penare |
| nowhere avverbio | /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/ | da nessuna parte, in nessun posto |
| breathe verbo | /bɹiːð/ | respirare |
| depend verbo | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | dipendere |
| resist verbo | /ɹɪˈzɪst/ | resistere, trattenere |
| consciousness sostantivo | /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/ | conoscenza, coscienza |
| cognitive aggettivo | /ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/ | cognitivo |
| behavioral aggettivo | /bɪˈheɪvjəɹəl/ | comportamentale |
| puppet sostantivo | /ˈpʌpɪt/ | marionetta, fantoccio |
| seize verbo | /ˈsiːz/ | prendere, afferrare |
| thread sostantivo | /ˈθɹɛd/ | filo, refe |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| figure out verbo | scoprire, rendersi conto |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 48 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come you're, we're, I'm. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “th”: breathe /bɹiːð/, thread /ˈθɹɛd/, smooth /smuːð/
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/, consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, identification /aɪˌdɛn(t)ɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, behavioral /bɪˈheɪvjəɹəl/, extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/, psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/, identification /aɪˌdɛn(t)ɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come necessarily, sensation, unpleasant.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.