Pratica di Shadowing: The Underground House | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4 - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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Section 4.
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You will hear part of a lecture about an experimental design for a house.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Good morning.
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In the last few lectures, I've been talking about the history of domestic building construction.
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But today, I want to begin looking at some contemporary experimental designs for housing.
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So, I'm going to start with a house which is constructed more or less under the ground.
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And one of the interesting things about this project is that the owners, both professionals but not architects, wanted to be closely involved,
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so they decided to manage the project themselves.
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Their chief aim was to create somewhere that was as environmentally friendly as possible.
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But at the same time, they wanted to live somewhere peaceful.
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They'd both grown up in a rural area and disliked urban life.
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So the first thing they did was to look for a site, and they found a disused stone quarry in a beautiful area.
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The price was relatively low, and they liked the idea of recycling the land, as it were.
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As it was, the quarry was an ugly blot on the landscape, and it wasn't productive any longer either.
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They consulted various architects and looked at a number of designs before finally deciding on one.
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As I've said, it was a design for a sort of underground house,
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and it was built into the earth itself, with two stories.
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The north, east, and west sides were set in the earth,
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and only the sloping south-facing side was exposed to the light.
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That was made of a double layer of very strong glass.
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There were also photovoltaic tiles fixed to the top and bottom of this sloping wall.
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These are tiles that are designed to store energy from the sun,
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and the walls had a layer of foam around them too to increase the insulation.
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Now, what is of interest to us about this project is the features which make the building energy efficient.
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Sunlight floods in through the glass wall, and to maximize it, there are lots of mirrors and windows inside the house.
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That helps to spread the light around.
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So that's the first thing.
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Light is utilized as fully as possible.
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In addition, the special tiles on the outside convert energy from the sun and generate some of the house's electricity.
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In fact, and it is possible that in future the house may even generate an electricity surplus,
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and that the owners will be able to sell some to the national grid.
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As well as that, wherever possible, recycled materials have been used.
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For example, the floors are made of reclaimed wood,
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and the owners haven't bought a single item of new furniture.
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They just kept what they already had.
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And then there's the system for dealing with the waste produced in the house.
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This is dealt with organically.
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It's purified by being filtered through reed beds, which have been planted for that purpose in the garden.
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So the occupants of the house won't pollute the land or use any damaging chemicals.
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It's true that the actual construction of the house was harmful to the environment,
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mainly because they had to use massive amounts of concrete, one of the biggest sources of carbon dioxide in manufacturing.
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And, as you know, this is very damaging to the environment.
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In total, the house construction has released 70 tons of carbon dioxide into the air.
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Now that's a frightening thought.
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However, once the initial debt has been cleared, and it's been calculated that this will only take 15 years,
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this underground house won't cost anything, environmentally I mean, because unlike ordinary houses,
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it is run in a way that is completely environmentally friendly.
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So, eco-housing like this is likely to become much more...
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That is the end of section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 53 frasi e 658 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 6:05. Chi parla lo fa lentamente, circa 108 parole al minuto, quindi c’è tempo per imitare ogni suono. Il 84% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| tile sostantivo | /ˈtaɪ.əl/ | piastrella, mattonella |
| layer sostantivo | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | strato |
| underground aggettivo | /ˌʌn.dəɹˈɡɹaʊnd/ | sotterraneo |
| experimental aggettivo | /ɪkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/ | sperimentale |
| generate verbo | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ə.ɹeɪt/ | generare |
| lecture sostantivo | /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ | conferenza, lezione |
| architect sostantivo | /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ | ideatore, ideatrice |
| dioxide sostantivo | /daɪˈɑksaɪd/ | diossido, biossido |
| quarry sostantivo | /ˈk(w)ɔɹ.i/ | cava di pietra, cava |
| mirror sostantivo | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | specchio |
| carefully avverbio | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | minuziosamente, accuratamente |
| concrete aggettivo | /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ | concreto, reale |
| efficient aggettivo | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | efficiente, performante |
| ordinary aggettivo | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | ordinario, ordinaria |
| ugly aggettivo | /ˈʌɡli/ | brutto, laido |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 8 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come I've, won't, haven't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, experimental /ɪkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/, organically /ɔːˈɡænɪkli/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come tile, layer, underground.
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | is constructed · was built · were set |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | I've said · have been · haven't bought |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | house which is · beds, which have |
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.