تدريب Shadowing: The Underground House | IELTS LISTENING TEST | SECTION-4 - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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Section 4.
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You will hear part of a lecture about an experimental design for a house.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Good morning.
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In the last few lectures, I've been talking about the history of domestic building construction.
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But today, I want to begin looking at some contemporary experimental designs for housing.
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So, I'm going to start with a house which is constructed more or less under the ground.
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And one of the interesting things about this project is that the owners, both professionals but not architects, wanted to be closely involved,
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so they decided to manage the project themselves.
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Their chief aim was to create somewhere that was as environmentally friendly as possible.
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But at the same time, they wanted to live somewhere peaceful.
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They'd both grown up in a rural area and disliked urban life.
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So the first thing they did was to look for a site, and they found a disused stone quarry in a beautiful area.
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The price was relatively low, and they liked the idea of recycling the land, as it were.
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As it was, the quarry was an ugly blot on the landscape, and it wasn't productive any longer either.
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They consulted various architects and looked at a number of designs before finally deciding on one.
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As I've said, it was a design for a sort of underground house,
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and it was built into the earth itself, with two stories.
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The north, east, and west sides were set in the earth,
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and only the sloping south-facing side was exposed to the light.
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That was made of a double layer of very strong glass.
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There were also photovoltaic tiles fixed to the top and bottom of this sloping wall.
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These are tiles that are designed to store energy from the sun,
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and the walls had a layer of foam around them too to increase the insulation.
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Now, what is of interest to us about this project is the features which make the building energy efficient.
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Sunlight floods in through the glass wall, and to maximize it, there are lots of mirrors and windows inside the house.
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That helps to spread the light around.
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So that's the first thing.
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Light is utilized as fully as possible.
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In addition, the special tiles on the outside convert energy from the sun and generate some of the house's electricity.
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In fact, and it is possible that in future the house may even generate an electricity surplus,
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and that the owners will be able to sell some to the national grid.
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As well as that, wherever possible, recycled materials have been used.
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For example, the floors are made of reclaimed wood,
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and the owners haven't bought a single item of new furniture.
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They just kept what they already had.
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And then there's the system for dealing with the waste produced in the house.
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This is dealt with organically.
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It's purified by being filtered through reed beds, which have been planted for that purpose in the garden.
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So the occupants of the house won't pollute the land or use any damaging chemicals.
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It's true that the actual construction of the house was harmful to the environment,
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mainly because they had to use massive amounts of concrete, one of the biggest sources of carbon dioxide in manufacturing.
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And, as you know, this is very damaging to the environment.
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In total, the house construction has released 70 tons of carbon dioxide into the air.
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Now that's a frightening thought.
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However, once the initial debt has been cleared, and it's been calculated that this will only take 15 years,
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this underground house won't cost anything, environmentally I mean, because unlike ordinary houses,
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it is run in a way that is completely environmentally friendly.
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So, eco-housing like this is likely to become much more...
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That is the end of section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 53 جملة و658 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 6:05. يتكلم المتحدث ببطء، بمعدل 108 كلمة في الدقيقة تقريبًا، فيكون لديك وقت لتقليد كل صوت. 84% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| tile اسم | /ˈtaɪ.əl/ | قِرْمِيدَة, قِرْمِيد |
| layer اسم | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | طَبَقَة |
| lecture اسم | /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ | مُحَاضَرَة |
| architect اسم | /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ | مِعْمَارِيّ, مُهَنْدِس مِعْمَارِيّ |
| quarry اسم | /ˈk(w)ɔɹ.i/ | مَقْلَع |
| mirror اسم | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | مِرْآة, مراية |
| carefully ظرف | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | بِعِنَايَة |
| concrete صفة | /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ | مَادِّيّ |
| efficient صفة | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | فَعَّال |
| ordinary صفة | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | عَادِيّ, مَأْلُوف |
| ugly صفة | /ˈʌɡli/ | قَبِيح, بَشِع |
| landscape اسم | /ˈlan(d)skeɪp/ | مَنْظَر طَبِيعِيّ, مَنْظَر |
| flood اسم | /flʌd/ | طُوفَان, فَيَضَان |
| furniture اسم | /ˈfɝ.nɪ.t͡ʃɚ/ | أَثَاث, مَفْرُوشَات |
| ton اسم | /tʌn/ | طُن |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 8 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I've, won't, haven't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, experimental /ɪkspɛɹəˈmɛntəl/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/, organically /ɔːˈɡænɪkli/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل tile, layer, lecture.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | is constructed · was built · were set |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | I've said · have been · haven't bought |
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | house which is · beds, which have |
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.